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The Identification of Genes and Metabolic Networks: Unlocking Dairy Livestock...
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The Identification of Genes and Metabolic Networks: Unlocking Dairy Livestock Production

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2024) | Viewed by 4095

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hengbo Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Interests: mammary gland development; fatty acid metabolism; gene function verification; signal pathway
Dr. Tao Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
Interests: dairy production; lactation physiology; nutriomics; precision nutritional ma-nipulation; signal pathway
Dr. Zhi Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: milk fat traits; gene regulation network construction; gene expression; epigenetic; circRNA; lincRNA miRNA; mRNA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the continuous growth of the global population, the worldwide demand for milk production increases constantly. An important goal in this field is the improvement of the production performance of dairy animals using the advantages of precise nutritional manipulation and genetic breeding. It is this challenge and consumer demand that have facilitated the identification of genes and networks that improve the production of dairy livestock. Recent evidence has shown that lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism modify the development and lactation process of dairy livestock. A number of genes, proteins, and molecular compounds that can regulate the production performance of these animals have been reported on, though the identification of the genes and networks involved in the production performance improvement of dairy livestock are unclear.

This Special Issue aims to attract original research and review articles dealing with the genes and metabolic networks involved in the production performance improvement of dairy livestock. Those revealing new information on gene function, new gene identification, gene networks related to metabolism, and the development of the mammary gland in dairy livestock are also welcome.

Dr. Hengbo Shi
Dr. Tao Wang
Dr. Zhi Chen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dairy livestock
  • omics
  • milk performance
  • milk synthesis
  • fatty acid metabolism
  • amino acid metabolism
  • glucose metabolism
  • gene function
  • gene identification
  • mammary gland
  • nutritional regulation
  • network
  • molecular compound

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3173 KiB  
Article
MiR-206 Suppresses Triacylglycerol Accumulation via Fatty Acid Elongase 6 in Dairy Cow Mammary Epithelial Cells
by Xin Zhao, Yu Liu, Yupeng Li, Yuxin Zhang, Chunlei Yang and Dawei Yao
Animals 2024, 14(17), 2590; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172590 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 817
Abstract
Cow milk possesses high nutritional value due to its rich array of beneficial fatty acids. It is important to understand the mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism in dairy cows. These mechanisms are driven by a complex molecular regulatory network. In addition, there are [...] Read more.
Cow milk possesses high nutritional value due to its rich array of beneficial fatty acids. It is important to understand the mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism in dairy cows. These mechanisms are driven by a complex molecular regulatory network. In addition, there are many regulatory factors involved in the process of fatty acid metabolism, including transcription factors and non-coding RNAs, amongst others. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the expression of target genes and modulate various biological processes, including lipid metabolism. Specifically, miR-206 has been reported to impair lipid accumulation in nonruminant hepatocytes. However, the effects and regulatory mechanisms of miR-206 on lipid metabolism in bovine mammary cells remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of miR-206 on lipid-related genes and TAG accumulation. The direct downstream gene of miR-206 was subsequently determined via a dual-luciferase assay. Finally, the fatty acid content of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) upon ELOVL6 inhibition was examined. The results revealed that miR-206 overexpression significantly decreased triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration and abundances of the following: acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha (ACACA); fatty acid synthase (FASN); sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1); diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1); 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT6); lipin 1 (LPIN1); and fatty acid elongase 6 (ELOVL6). Overexpression of miR-206 was also associated with an increase in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 2 (PNPLA2), while inhibition of miR-206 promoted milk fat metabolism in vitro. In addition, we found that ELOVL6 is a direct target gene of miR-206 through mutation of the binding site. Furthermore, ELOVL6 intervention significantly decreased the TAG levels and elongation indexes of C16:0 and C16:1n-7 in BMECs. Finally, ELOVL6 siRNA partially alleviated the increased TAG accumulation caused by miR-206 inhibition. In summary, we found that miR-206 inhibits milk fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation by targeting ELOVL6 in BMECs. The results presented in this paper may contribute to the development of strategies for enhancing the quality of cow milk and its beneficial fatty acids, from the perspective of miRNA–mRNA networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Identification of Genes and Metabolic Networks: Unlocking Dairy Livestock Production)
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17 pages, 5121 KiB  
Article
Proteomics Insights into the Gene Network of cis9, trans11-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Biosynthesis in Bovine Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells
by Liying Peng, Ge Bai, Chunzheng Wang, Jianan Dong, Yongjun Liu, Zhe Sun, Yuguo Zhen, Guixin Qin, Xuefeng Zhang, Natnael Demelash and Tao Wang
Animals 2022, 12(13), 1718; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12131718 - 2 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2399
Abstract
The objective of the study was to elucidate the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD1)-dependent gene network of c9, t11-CLA biosynthesis in MAC-T cells from an energy metabolism perspective. The cells were divided into the CAY group (firstly incubated with CAY10566, a chemical inhibitor of [...] Read more.
The objective of the study was to elucidate the stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD1)-dependent gene network of c9, t11-CLA biosynthesis in MAC-T cells from an energy metabolism perspective. The cells were divided into the CAY group (firstly incubated with CAY10566, a chemical inhibitor of SCD1, then incubated with trans-11-octadecenoic acid, (TVA)), the TVA group (only TVA), and the control group (without CAY, TVA). The c9, t11-CLA, and TVA contents were determined by gas chromatography. The mRNA levels of SCD1 and candidate genes were analyzed via real-time PCR. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics, bioinformatic analysis, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), and small RNA interference were used to explore genes involved in the SCD1-dependent c9, t11-CLA biosynthesis. The results showed that the SCD1 deficiency led by CAY10566 blocked the biosynthesis of c9, t11-CLA. In total, 60 SCD1-related proteins mainly involved in energy metabolism pathways were primarily screened by TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis. Moreover, 17 proteins were validated using PRM analysis. Then, 11 genes were verified to have negative relationships with SCD1 after the small RNA interference analysis. Based on the above results, we concluded that genes involved in energy metabolism pathways have an impact on the SCD1-dependent molecular mechanism of c9, t11-CLA biosynthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Identification of Genes and Metabolic Networks: Unlocking Dairy Livestock Production)
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