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Animals
Special Issues
Issues and Advances in the Surveillance of Food Production Animals
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Issues and Advances in the Surveillance of Food Production Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2023) | Viewed by 6552

Special Issue Editors

Dr. David H. Baum

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
Interests: pathogenesis; immunogenesis; statistical process control; process management
Dr. Sophronia Ward

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Managing Partner, Pinnacle Partners East LLC, Knoxville, TN 37919, USA
Interests: statistician; continuous process improvement; six-sigma; lean; value-chain mapping
Dr. Jeffrey J. Zimmerman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
Interests: ecology of viral infections in swine; swine health and productivity; diagnostic assay development; improved surveillance methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) defines surveillance as activities "aimed at demonstrating the absence of infection or infestation, determining the presence or distribution of infection or infestation, or detecting as early as possible exotic diseases or emerging diseases." However, at populational, regional, and national levels, recent pandemics have demonstrated that effective surveillance is difficult to achieve and even more challenging to sustain.

This Special Issue of Animals invites original research and literature reviews discussing issues and advancements in sampling, diagnostic testing, data collection, and/or data analysis in the context of improvements to the population surveillance of animals in the food production industry.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. David H. Baum
Dr. Sophronia Ward
Dr. Jeffrey J. Zimmerman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • surveillance
  • monitor
  • testing
  • detection
  • sample
  • sampling
  • diagnostic medicine

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

7 pages, 352 KiB  
Communication
PRRS Monitoring by Processing Fluids on Italian Swine Breeding Farms
by Matteo Tonni, Claudia Romeo, Nicoletta Formenti, Maria Beatrice Boniotti, Flavia Guarneri, Livio Colosio, Simone Andreoni, Federico Scali and Giovanni Loris Alborali
Animals 2023, 13(12), 1946; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13121946 - 10 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1132
Abstract
The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) control strategy within swine breeding farms is based on herd classification relative to PRRSV infection status. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a monitoring plan based on processing fluids (PFs) by comparing it with [...] Read more.
The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) control strategy within swine breeding farms is based on herd classification relative to PRRSV infection status. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a monitoring plan based on processing fluids (PFs) by comparing it with the classification of herds based on the analysis of blood serum. Twenty-five breeding herds were enrolled in the study, with at least five consecutive batches sampled from each herd. Each batch was tested for PRRSV by RT-PCR performed on (i) pre-weaning blood serum from 30 piglets and (ii) PFs from all the male piglets in the batch. PRRS categories following the Holtkamp classification were assigned based on the results of each testing protocol. The two protocols assigned the same category to 18 out of 25 herds: while they showed perfect agreement in identifying positive unstable and stable herds, we observed some discrepancy in discriminating between low- and high-prevalence classes within unstable herds. PFs are thus a reliable sample to assign PRRS categories in Italian breeding herds characterized by widespread PRRSV circulation. However, in case of an unstable epidemiological scenario, we recommend the adoption of an integrated monitoring strategy that combines blood sampling with PFs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues and Advances in the Surveillance of Food Production Animals)
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13 pages, 1212 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Two Diagnostic Assays for the Detection of Serum Neutralizing Antibody to Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
by Justin Brown, Korakrit Poonsuk, Ting-Yu Cheng, Chris Rademacher, Erin Kalkwarf, Liying Tian, Lauren A. McKeen, Chong Wang, Luis Gimenez-Lirola, David Baum and Locke A. Karriker
Animals 2023, 13(4), 757; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13040757 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2434
Abstract
Lactogenic immunity is important for the protection of piglets against many pathogens including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Circulating neutralizing antibodies levels in sow sera may help determine if a detectable immune response could confer protection to piglets. Neutralizing antibodies can be detected through [...] Read more.
Lactogenic immunity is important for the protection of piglets against many pathogens including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Circulating neutralizing antibodies levels in sow sera may help determine if a detectable immune response could confer protection to piglets. Neutralizing antibodies can be detected through various diagnostic assays. This study evaluated the diagnostic characteristics of two neutralizing antibody assays for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus neutralizing antibodies in serum of challenged gilts. Four treatment groups, control, non-vaccinated, vaccinated prior to challenge, and vaccinated following challenge, were comprised of 20 gilts. Serum sample were collected from each gilt prior to and following challenge with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Samples were evaluated for the presence of neutralizing antibodies via a fluorescent focus neutralization assay and a high-throughput neutralization assay. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the fluorescent focus neutralization and high-throughput neutralization assays for this study were optimized at a cutoff of a dilution of 80 and 80% fluorescent reduction respectively and demonstrated moderate agreement based off the kappa statistic. The focus fluorescent neutralization and high-throughput neutralization assays can be used to monitor the status of neutralizing antibodies within animals or a population of animals. The high-throughput assay has advantages over the focus fluorescent assay in that it has a higher specificity at the indicated cut-off and the nature of the results allows for more discrimination between individual results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues and Advances in the Surveillance of Food Production Animals)
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9 pages, 268 KiB  
Article
Presence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in the Environment of Farm Facilities without Pigs in Long Term-Vaccinated Farrow-to-Wean Farms
by Gonzalo López-Lorenzo, Alberto Prieto, Cynthia López-Novo, Pablo Díaz, Susana Remesar, Patrocinio Morrondo, Gonzalo Fernández and José Manuel Díaz-Cao
Animals 2022, 12(24), 3515; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12243515 - 13 Dec 2022
Viewed by 2137
Abstract
Vaccination against Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) even over several years has proven as an insufficient measure to eradicate the infection from farms, possibly due to not producing sterilizing immunity. Viral persistence in the farm environment has been proposed as a possible cause [...] Read more.
Vaccination against Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) even over several years has proven as an insufficient measure to eradicate the infection from farms, possibly due to not producing sterilizing immunity. Viral persistence in the farm environment has been proposed as a possible cause of reinfection, and for that reason, the main objective of this study was to identify potential critical points where PCV2 could persist in farrow-to-wean farms which had been vaccinating piglets for years. Surface samples were collected from different farm facilities with and without animals and analyzed by qPCR to detect and quantify the viral load. Most of the samples taken in animal housing facilities tested negative (96.6%); however, PCV2 was more frequently detected in samples from the offices (37.5%), the farm staff (25%) and the perimeter (21%). These results indicate that PCV2 contamination is frequent in facilities despite the long-term use of vaccination programs. Therefore, PCV2 control programs should include more exhaustive cleaning and disinfection protocols in non-animal facilities, as well as the implementation of specific biosecurity measures in these areas to minimize the risk of PCV2 introduction from external sources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Issues and Advances in the Surveillance of Food Production Animals)
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