Paraoxonase Modulation by Dietary Factors: Implications for Health and Disease

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Antioxidant Enzyme Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 1473

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: plant bioactive compounds; functional food and beverages; oxidative stress; antioxidants; lifestyle-related diseases
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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Science and Odontostomatology, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Interests: lipid peroxidation; lipoprotein; biological membrane; antioxidants; reactive oxygen species; paraoxonase
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human paraoxonase (PON) is a member of the gene family that includes paraoxonase 1 (PON1), PON2 and PON3. PON1 and PON3 are both associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. PON2 and PON3 are intracellular enzymes that modulate mitochondrial superoxide anion production and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress-induced apoptosis. The pleiotropic roles exerted by PONs have been investigated in pathological conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, renal failure, and gastrointestinal disorders. PONs also provide microbial protection by hydrolyzing bacterial quorum lactone. There is increasing evidence that PONs may be involved in molecular mechanisms of cancer development and progression since alterations of PON expression and activity have been demonstrated in different human tumors. Due to the properties of PONs, it is of potential interest to identify environmental modulators of the activity and concentration of PONs. Dietary factors may represent one of the environmental factors potentially involved, and this Special Issue focuses on dietary factors that may affect the activity and concentration of PONs in humans.

We invite you to submit your latest research findings or a review article to this Special Issue, which will bring together current research concerning paraoxonases and the role that dietary factors can play in the modulation of PONs in both normal processes as well as diseased states.  

We look forward to your contribution.

Dr. Tiziana Bacchetti
Dr. Gianna Ferretti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • paraoxonases
  • dietary factors
  • oxidative stress
  • nutrigenomic
  • antioxidant enzymes

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 475 KiB  
Article
Paraoxonase I Activity and Its Relationship with Nutrition in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
by Belén Proaño, María Benlloch, Sandra Sancho-Castillo, Jesús Privado, Guillermo Bargues-Navarro, Claudia Emmanuela Sanchis-Sanchis, Palmira Martínez Bolós, Ana Belén Carriquí-Suárez, Laura Cubero-Plazas, Jose Luis Platero Armero, Dolores Escriva, Jose Joaquín Ceron, Asta Tvarijonaviciute and Jose Enrique de la Rubia Ortí
Antioxidants 2024, 13(8), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13081021 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1129
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, with oxidative stress playing a key role. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that may influence ALS progression. This study aimed to establish a predictive model for the influence [...] Read more.
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration, with oxidative stress playing a key role. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that may influence ALS progression. This study aimed to establish a predictive model for the influence of PON1 activity on functionality in ALS patients and explore its relationship with nutrition. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, 70 ALS patients underwent assessments of PON1 activity, lipid profile, functional capacity, respiratory function, and heart rate variability. A structural equation model was developed to determine the relationships between variables. Nutritional intake was analyzed in 65 patients. Results: The predictive model showed that PON1 activity and LDL levels positively influenced functionality, both directly and indirectly through respiratory capacity. Heart rate variability moderately predicted functionality independently. HDL levels were not significantly associated with functionality. Weak to moderate correlations were found between PON1 activity and intake of certain nutrients, with positive associations for monounsaturated fats and vitamin D, and negative associations for carbohydrates, proteins, and some micronutrients. Conclusions: PON1 activity appears to play an important role in ALS patient functionality, both directly and through effects on respiratory capacity. However, its relationship with nutritional intake was not strongly evident in this sample population. Full article
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