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Advances and Applications of Nondestructive Testing

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 2538

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Boboli 8, 02-525 Warszawa, Poland
Interests: magnetic materials; amorphous materials; magnetic characteristics; magnetoelastic characteristics; magnetics sensors; magnetoelastic sensors; induction components; non-destructive testing; electromagnetic testing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nondestructive testing is a collection of multidisciplinary testing techniques used to detect defects and examine the material condition of a component without changing its properties. It is one of the fastest growing research areas in recent times. These tests are important for the safety and reliability of equipment and systems. Their most important applications are in the aerospace, automotive and mining industries.

A large group of tests includes electromagnetic tests, such as magnetic testing and eddy current testing. However, these are not the only testing methods; ultrasonic, radiographic or penetration methods are equally widely used.

This issue focuses on research related to non-destructive testing associated with electromagnetic methods but also other types of non-destructive testing. 

We welcome anyone with the latest developments and application research in the area of non-destructive testing. Also, reviews are welcome.

  • Area 1. Electromagnetic testing or electromagnetic inspection: alternating current field measurement, alternating current potential drop measurement, Barkhausen testing, direct current potential drop measurement, eddy current testing, magnetic flux leakage testing, magnetic particle inspection, and magnetovision, remote field testing
  • Area 2. Other: ultrasonic testing, radiography testing, acoustic emission, dye penetrant, leak testing, visual inspection, and thermography testing

Dr. Jacek Salach
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • non-destructive testing electromagnetic testing
  • magnetic testing
  • dye penetrant inspection
  • ultrasonic testing
  • radiographic testing
  • visual inspection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3815 KiB  
Article
Sparsity-Based Nondestructive Evaluations of Downhole Casings Technique Using the Uniform Linear Array
by Jingxin Dang, Ling Yang, Yan Zhou and Bo Dang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6588; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156588 - 28 Jul 2024
Viewed by 583
Abstract
Borehole pulsed eddy-current (PEC) systems based on uniform linear multicoil arrays (ULMAs) perform efficient nondestructive evaluations (NDEs) of metal casings. However, the limited physical space of the borehole restricts the degrees of freedom (DoFs) of ULMAs to be less than the number of [...] Read more.
Borehole pulsed eddy-current (PEC) systems based on uniform linear multicoil arrays (ULMAs) perform efficient nondestructive evaluations (NDEs) of metal casings. However, the limited physical space of the borehole restricts the degrees of freedom (DoFs) of ULMAs to be less than the number of constraints, which leads to the difficulty of compensating for the differences in signals acquired by different receivers with different transmitting-to-receiving distances (TRDs), and thus limits the effectiveness of the ULMA system. To solve this problem, this paper proposes sparse linear constraint minimum variance (S-LCMV) for NDEs of downhole casings employing ULMAs. By transforming and characterizing the original PEC signal, it was observed that the signal power dramatically decreased with increasing Legendre polynomial stage, confirming that the signal was sparsely distributed over the Gauss–Legendre stages. Using this property, the S-LCMV cost function with reduced constraints was constructed to provide enough DoFs to accurately calculate the weight coefficients, thus improving the detection performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through field experiments on an 8-element ULMA installed in a borehole PEC system for NDEs of oil-well casings. The results demonstrate that the proposed method could improve the weighting effect by reducing the number of constraints by 70% while ensuring the approximation accuracy, which effectively improved the signal-to-noise ratio of the measured signals and reduced the computational cost by about 87.9%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of Nondestructive Testing)
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21 pages, 11344 KiB  
Article
Orbital-Rail-Type Automatic Inspection Device for Pipeline Welds Using Radiation Dose Prediction Results from FLUKA Simulation
by Du-Song Kim, Sung-Hoe Heo, Seung-Uk Heo and Jaewoong Kim
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(14), 6165; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14146165 - 15 Jul 2024
Viewed by 870
Abstract
Pipeline welds typically do not have secondary reinforcement, rendering welds highly vulnerable to leakage accidents caused by the movement of gases or liquids. Therefore, identifying internal defects in welds through radiographic testing (RT) is critical for a visual and quantitative evaluation of weld [...] Read more.
Pipeline welds typically do not have secondary reinforcement, rendering welds highly vulnerable to leakage accidents caused by the movement of gases or liquids. Therefore, identifying internal defects in welds through radiographic testing (RT) is critical for a visual and quantitative evaluation of weld defects. In this study, we developed a device that can automatically inspect the circumferential connection between pipes by applying a digital radiography testing (DRT) technique that can convert radiation signals into real-time electrical signals by using a digital detector array (DDA). Gamma rays were used to minimize spatial constraints in the inspection environment and optimization was performed to satisfy quality requirements set by international standards. Furthermore, FLUKA simulation was performed to predict radiation intensity for accurate radiation leakage identification to enable the shielding design to be supplemented with lead rubber. This measure considerably reduces the safe distance for radiation leakage during field testing. The results confirmed the feasibility of a novel automated inspection technique that integrates automatic inspection devices and ensures safety using radiation, the byproduct of which is a hazardous material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of Nondestructive Testing)
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11 pages, 3538 KiB  
Communication
Inspection of Semi-Elliptical Defects in a Steel Pipe Using the Metal Magnetic Memory Method
by J. Jesús Villegas-Saucillo, Jose Javier Diaz-Carmona, Juan Prado-Olivares, Monserrat Sofia López-Cornejo, Ernesto A. Elvira-Hernández, Carlos A. Cerón-Álvarez and Agustín L. Herrera-May
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(12), 5308; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125308 - 19 Jun 2024
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Ferromagnetic pipes are widely used for fluid transportation in various industries. The failure of these ferromagnetic pipes due to surface defects can generate industrial accidents, economic losses, and environmental pollution. Non-destructive testing techniques are required to detect these surface defects. An alternative is [...] Read more.
Ferromagnetic pipes are widely used for fluid transportation in various industries. The failure of these ferromagnetic pipes due to surface defects can generate industrial accidents, economic losses, and environmental pollution. Non-destructive testing techniques are required to detect these surface defects. An alternative is the metal magnetic memory (MMM) method, which can be employed to detect surface flaws in ferromagnetic structures. Based on this method, we present an analysis of experimental results of the magnetic field variations around five different surface semi-elliptical defects of an ASTM A36 steel pipe. A measurement system of MMM signals is implemented with a rotatory mechanism, a magnetoresistive sensor, a data processing unit, and a control digital unit. The MMM method does not require expensive equipment or special treatment of the ferromagnetic structures. In order to research a potential relationship between the defect sample size and the measured MMM signals, variable defect dimensions are experimentally considered. According to these results, the shape and magnitude of the normal and tangential MMM signals are altered by the superficial semi-elliptical defects. In particular, the maximum and mean tangential components and the maximum and minimum normal components are related to the defect dimensions. The proposed measurement system can be used to study the behavior of magnetic field variations around surface defects of ferromagnetic pipes. This system can be adapted to measure the position and damage level of small defects on the surface of ferromagnetic pipes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and Applications of Nondestructive Testing)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Sparsity-based Nondestructive Evaluations of Downhole Casings Technique Using the Uniform Linear Array
Author: DANG
Highlights: The sparsity of the PEC signal over the Legendre stages is observed and analyzed. The S-LCMV algorithm is proposed to provide an adequate number of DoFs, making it possible to obtain effective weighting factors, thus improving the detection performance. The casing-thickness changes were evaluated using the CFAR indicator based on the S-LCMV, enabling rapid and intuitive NDEs for downhole casing.

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