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Batteries
Special Issues
Battery Thermal Performance and Management: Advances and Challenges
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Battery Thermal Performance and Management: Advances and Challenges

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105). This special issue belongs to the section "Battery Performance, Ageing, Reliability and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 March 2025 | Viewed by 6888

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hewu Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: optimization of battery performance; passive safety
Dr. Yan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Interests: battery thermal management; thermal safety control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The electrochemical properties and internal reactions of Li-lithium batteries are highly sensitive to operating temperatures. Inappropriate temperature conditions can result in a sharp rise in battery temperature, accelerating internal chemical reactions. Moreover, this can lead to thermal runaway, compromising the reliability and safety of electrical vehicle/ship/airplane battery packs and battery energy storage systems, thereby causing a significant loss of life and property. Additionally, temperature differences in the thermal field distribution between cell–module–pack configurations can reduce the available capacity, shorten the cycle life, and increase the risk of fire. Therefore, the implementation of battery thermal management strategies holds significant theoretical value and provides application guidance for the safe and reliable operation of battery systems; these strategies include cooling/heating methods, which ensure uniformity in the thermal–electrical field, and early warning systems that monitor behavior and offer protection against thermal hazards.

Topics

  • Thermal decomposition reaction for electrode and electrolyte;
  • Thermal management design (heating/ cooling by liquid, air, etc.);
  • Electric vehicle or battery energy storage system integration thermal management strategies (battery, motor, HVAC, etc.);
  • Thermal–electrical field uniformity control;
  • Thermal runaway tests and behavior;
  • Failure battery venting characteristics;
  • Battery fire risk assessment and tests;
  • Thermal hazard protection design and method;
  • Battery thermal runaway modeling method and simulation.

Prof. Dr. Hewu Wang
Dr. Yan Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • battery cooling/heating
  • integration thermal management
  • thelma-electric field uniformity
  • battery thermal runaway
  • battery venting characteristic
  • battery fire risk assessment
  • thermal hazard proportion
  • battery thermal runaway modeling

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 18089 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of Thermal Runaway Characteristics of Large-Format Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 Battery under Different Heating Powers and Areas
by Jingru Huang, Zhuwei Fan, Chengshan Xu, Fachao Jiang and Xuning Feng
Batteries 2024, 10(7), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10070241 - 4 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1214
Abstract
This study experimentally investigates the effects of different heating powers and areas on the jet behavior and thermal runaway (TR) of 75 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in an open environment. TR, a critical safety [...] Read more.
This study experimentally investigates the effects of different heating powers and areas on the jet behavior and thermal runaway (TR) of 75 Ah LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in an open environment. TR, a critical safety concern for LIBs, can occur under overheating conditions. The TR behavior of LIBs was characterized by flame behavior, temperature characteristics, mass variation, jet dynamics, and residue formations. The results reveal that the heating power density primarily influences the time to initiate TR. Lower power densities extend the heating time and require higher energy to induce TR, thereby exerting a more considerable impact on the battery. The heating area predominantly affects the input energy and the extent of damage. Larger areas lead to more stable jet flames, consistent peak temperatures ranging between 1000 °C and 1300 °C, and mass loss ratios ranging from 44% to 53% compared to 43% to 47% for small-area heaters. These findings provide references for the safety design of battery assemblies and the prevention of TR propagation, contributing to the safer monitoring of LIBs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Battery Thermal Performance and Management: Advances and Challenges)
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13 pages, 6231 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Eruption Behavior in Thermal Runaway
by Yu Xing, Ningning Wei and Minghai Li
Batteries 2024, 10(6), 182; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10060182 - 26 May 2024
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
With the widespread adoption of battery technology in electric vehicles, there has been significant attention drawn to the increasing frequency of battery fire incidents. However, the jetting behavior and expansion force during the thermal runaway (TR) of batteries represent highly dynamic phenomena, which [...] Read more.
With the widespread adoption of battery technology in electric vehicles, there has been significant attention drawn to the increasing frequency of battery fire incidents. However, the jetting behavior and expansion force during the thermal runaway (TR) of batteries represent highly dynamic phenomena, which lack comprehensive quantitative description. This study addresses this gap by employing an enhanced experimental setup that synchronizes the video timing of cameras with a signal acquisition system, enabling the multidimensional quantification of signals, such as images, temperature, voltage, and pressure. It also provides a detailed description of the jetting behavior and expansion force characteristics over time for Li(Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1)O2 batteries undergoing thermal runaway in an open environment. The results from three experiments effectively identify key temporal features, including the timing of the initial jetting spark, maximum jetting velocity, jetting duration, explosion duration, and patterns of flame volume variation. This quantitative analytical approach proves effective across various battery types and conditions. The findings could offer scientific foundations and experimental strategies for parameter identification in fire prevention and thermal runaway model development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Battery Thermal Performance and Management: Advances and Challenges)
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17 pages, 13091 KiB  
Article
Effect of Aging Path on Degradation Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Batteries in Low-Temperature Environments
by Zhizu Zhang, Changwei Ji, Yangyi Liu, Yanan Wang, Bing Wang and Dianqing Liu
Batteries 2024, 10(3), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10030107 - 15 Mar 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3187
Abstract
Typical usage scenarios for energy storage and electric vehicles (EVs) require lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to operate under extreme conditions, including varying temperatures, high charge/discharge rates, and various depths of charge and discharge, while also fulfilling vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interaction requirements. This study empirically investigates [...] Read more.
Typical usage scenarios for energy storage and electric vehicles (EVs) require lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) to operate under extreme conditions, including varying temperatures, high charge/discharge rates, and various depths of charge and discharge, while also fulfilling vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interaction requirements. This study empirically investigates the impact of ambient temperature, charge/discharge rate, and charge/discharge cut-off voltage on the capacity degradation rate and internal resistance growth of 18,650 commercial LIBs. The charge/discharge rate was found to have the most significant influence on these parameters, particularly the charging rate. These insights contribute to a better understanding of the risks associated with low-temperature aging and can aid in the prevention or mitigation of safety incidents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Battery Thermal Performance and Management: Advances and Challenges)
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