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Bioengineering
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Innovations in Regenerative Therapy: Cell and Cell-Free Approaches
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Innovations in Regenerative Therapy: Cell and Cell-Free Approaches

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2527

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Prakash Gangadaran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Science & Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
Interests: extracellular vesicles; wound healing; regenerative medicine; MSCs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Regenerative therapy represents a groundbreaking field in medicine focused on repairing, replacing, or regenerating damaged tissues and organs. This Special Issue highlights the latest innovations, emphasizing cell-based and cell-free approaches. Key areas include mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), exosomes, extracellular vesicles, and bio nanovesicles, targeting conditions such as wounds, ischemia, hair growth issues, brain injuries, and degenerative diseases. Cell-based therapies, particularly those using MSCs, are central to regenerative medicine. MSCs, sourced from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and other origins, can differentiate into multiple cell types and have immunomodulatory effects. They show promise in treating wounds, ischemic injuries, and degenerative diseases, with ongoing research into their application for cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction and enhancing hair growth and skin regeneration. Cell-free therapies, using bioactive molecules from cells, present a promising alternative. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, facilitate intercellular communication and tissue repair. They show potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, enhancing wound healing, and supporting cardiac repair after ischemic events. Bio nanovesicles, engineered for precise therapeutic delivery, enhance treatment effectiveness in wound healing, ischemia, hair growth, and brain repair. Both cell-based and cell-free therapies accelerate wound healing, with MSCs promoting tissue repair and exosomes modulating the wound environment. Regenerative therapies for ischemic heart disease promote angiogenesis and improve cardiac function. Investigations into hair loss treatments reveal MSCs and exosomes can regenerate hair follicles. Neuroregenerative therapies using MSCs and exosomes show promise in treating brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. MSCs and exosomes could also regenerate cartilage and neural tissues in chronic degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis. Challenges include ensuring the safety, efficacy, and scalability of these treatments. Future research will likely combine cell-based and cell-free approaches for synergistic effects and develop personalized therapies tailored to individual genetic and molecular profiles. This Special Issue aims to foster collaboration and inspire further research, ultimately advancing the goal of restoring normal tissue function and improving patient quality of life.

Dr. Prakash Gangadaran
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cell-based therapies
  • MSCs
  • exosome
  • extracellular vesicles
  • bio nanovesicles
  • wound
  • ischemia
  • hair growth
  • brain
  • degenerative diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

25 pages, 1793 KiB  
Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Are a Promising Alternative to Antibiotics for Treating Sepsis
by Yu Jiang, Yunjuan Song, Qin Zeng and Bin Jiang
Bioengineering 2024, 11(11), 1160; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11111160 - 18 Nov 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by the overwhelming response to pathogen infections. Currently, treatment options for sepsis are limited to broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care. However, the growing resistance of pathogens to common antibiotics complicates treatment efforts. Excessive immune response (i.e., cytokine [...] Read more.
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by the overwhelming response to pathogen infections. Currently, treatment options for sepsis are limited to broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care. However, the growing resistance of pathogens to common antibiotics complicates treatment efforts. Excessive immune response (i.e., cytokine storm) can persist even after the infection is cleared. This overactive inflammatory response can severely damage multiple organ systems. Given these challenges, managing the excessive immune response is critical in controlling sepsis progression. Therefore, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with their immunomodulatory and antibacterial properties, have emerged as a promising option for adjunctive therapy in treating sepsis. Moreover, MSCs exhibit a favorable safety profile, as they are eventually eliminated by the host’s immune system within several months post-administration, resulting in minimal side effects and have not been linked to common antibiotic therapy drawbacks (i.e., antibiotic resistance). This review explores the potential of MSCs as a personalized therapy for sepsis treatment, clarifying their mechanisms of action and providing up-to-date technological advancements to enhance their protective efficacy for patients suffering from sepsis and its consequences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Regenerative Therapy: Cell and Cell-Free Approaches)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 1379 KiB  
Review
Evolution and Innovations in Bone Marrow Cellular Therapy for Musculoskeletal Disorders: Tracing the Historical Trajectory and Contemporary Advances
by José Fábio Lana, Gabriela Caponero de Brito, André Kruel, Benjamim Brito, Gabriel Silva Santos, Carolina Caliari, Francesca Salamanna, Maria Sartori, Giovanni Barbanti Brodano, Fábio Ramos Costa, Madhan Jeyaraman, Ignácio Dallo, Pedro Bernaldez, Joseph Purita, Marco Antonio Percope de Andrade and Peter Albert Everts
Bioengineering 2024, 11(10), 979; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11100979 - 28 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1196
Abstract
Bone marrow cellular therapy has undergone a remarkable evolution, significantly impacting the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. This review traces the historical trajectory from early mythological references to contemporary scientific advancements. The groundbreaking work of Friedenstein in 1968, identifying fibroblast colony-forming cells in bone [...] Read more.
Bone marrow cellular therapy has undergone a remarkable evolution, significantly impacting the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. This review traces the historical trajectory from early mythological references to contemporary scientific advancements. The groundbreaking work of Friedenstein in 1968, identifying fibroblast colony-forming cells in bone marrow, laid the foundation for future studies. Caplan’s subsequent identification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 1991 highlighted their differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties, establishing them as key players in regenerative medicine. Contemporary research has focused on refining techniques for isolating and applying bone marrow-derived MSCs. These cells have shown promise in treating conditions like osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, and tendon injuries thanks to their ability to promote tissue repair, modulate immune responses, and enhance angiogenesis. Clinical studies have demonstrated significant improvements in pain relief, functional recovery, and tissue regeneration. Innovations such as the ACH classification system and advancements in bone marrow aspiration methods have standardized practices, improving the consistency and efficacy of these therapies. Recent clinical trials have validated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived products, highlighting their advantages in both surgical and non-surgical applications. Studies have shown that MSCs can reduce inflammation, support bone healing, and enhance cartilage repair. However, challenges remain, including the need for rigorous characterization of cell populations and standardized reporting in clinical trials. Addressing these issues is crucial for advancing the field and ensuring the reliable application of these therapies. Looking ahead, future research should focus on integrating bone marrow-derived products with other regenerative techniques and exploring non-surgical interventions. The continued innovation and refinement of these therapies hold promise for revolutionizing the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, offering improved patient outcomes, and advancing the boundaries of medical science. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Regenerative Therapy: Cell and Cell-Free Approaches)
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