Advanced Research in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 8915
Special Issue Editor
Interests: diabetes mellitus; obesity; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); bariatric surgery; body composition; cardiovascular disease; insulin resistance; metabolically healthy obese; mitochondrial function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Diabetes mellitus, the contemporary metabolic pandemic, represents a complex multifactorial syndrome characterized by abnormalities in every single aspect of cellular energy metabolism. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with reduced endogenous insulin secretion as a result of progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with both insulin resistance and defective insulin secretion. Beyond T1DM and T2DM, distinct phenotypes of diabetes with varying degrees of insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell defects have been characterized in the literature. The major pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes and its related complications involve insulin resistance, immunological defects, an impaired incretin effect, gluco- and lipotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, defective autophagy mechanisms, proapoptotic pathways, alterations in gut microbiome, and abnormal mitochondrial function in insulin-responsive tissues such as liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, vessels, nervous system and myocardium. In the last years, evidence-based treatment algorithms for diabetic patients have been proposed focusing on patients’ comorbidities as a critical determinant of the selection of the most appropriate glucose-lowering treatment. The most relevant comorbidities are atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and obesity. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have a prominent position in current therapeutic practice due to their pleiotropic, mainly cardio- and renoprotective, effects.
The aim of this special issue is to provide a platform for sharing all the novel insights into the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetes mellitus. Both original research and comprehensive review articles on this topic are invited for submission. Papers on potential novel biomarkers for the prediction of diabetes and its complications (including the omics technology), pathophysiological concepts related to the mechanisms described above, and treatment strategies (drugs, innovative approaches based on nanotechnology or artificial intelligence) in the context of precision diabetology, are particularly welcome.
Dr. Chrysi Koliaki
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- type 1 diabetes mellitus
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
- insulin resistance
- pathophysiology
- treatment
- precision medicine
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