Honorary Special Issue Dedicated to Prof. Giovanni Targher–the Metabolic Fatty Liver Syndromes: MASLD/MAFLD/NAFLD

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules: Lipids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 4385

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Formerly Director of the Simple Operating Unit "Metabolic Syndrome", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, 41126 Modena, Italy
2. Formerly Professor of Internal Medicine, School of Specialization of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
Interests: NAFLD-MAFLD; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; sex differences
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This year marks the 21st anniversary of the publications of Professor Giovanni Targher (ORCID 0000-0002-4325-3900), a world-leading researcher on the role of metabolic fatty liver syndromes including MASLD/MAFLD/NAFLD on the development of extra-hepatic complications, especially nephro-cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. MASLD/MAFLD/NAFLD, collectively labelled metabolic fatty liver syndromes (MFLS), describe the spectrum of steatosis closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. They are currently the most common chronic liver diseases globally and a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

With an H index of 99, Professor Targher is one of the most brilliant clinical Italian researchers. As a diabetologist with a solid background in general endocrinology and internal medicine, he has approached the MFLS arena from diabetes’ point of view, rapidly gaining insight into this very common liver disease as a systemic disorder. His scientific career, which flourished based on outstanding scientific intuitions and an exceptional attitude towards developing large amounts of work within highly intensive time schedules, includes numerous collaborations outside of Italy, a testament to Professor Targher’s international academic prestige and his frank, gentle, and friendly personality.

His research has shown that NAFLD, especially in its advanced forms, is a risk factor for the development and progression of cardiac alterations in patients with and without diabetes, often leading to their death. His papers have inspired many other scientists to explore the independent role of NAFLD in the development of cardiovascular disease, identifying it as a major clinical and public health issue globally.

As a leading figure in epidemiological sciences and in clinically relevant meta-analytic techniques, Professor Targher has also conducted high-standard investigations in the NAFLD arena regarding insulin resistance, vitamin D, genetics, ceramides, uric acid, adiponectin, PCSK9, N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen, and SARS-CoV-2 infection. His studies have also expanded our understanding of secondary NAFLD forms, including those associated with dysthyroidism. His participation in guidelines and consensus conferences placed him at the forefront of the change in nomenclature from NAFLD to metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and, ultimately, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

In his honor, this Special Issue focuses on the role of the MFLS (MASLD/MAFLD/NAFLD) in the development of various extra-hepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer.

As both his colleagues and friends, we are honored to guest edit the introduction for the present Special Issue, which we hope will be a great success.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Metabolites.

Dr. Alessandro Mantovani
Dr. Amedeo Lonardo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
  • metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)
  • nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
  • metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)
  • fatty liver

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

16 pages, 1851 KiB  
Review
Bile Acids as Emerging Players at the Intersection of Steatotic Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases
by Josh Bilson, Eleonora Scorletti, Jonathan R. Swann and Christopher D. Byrne
Biomolecules 2024, 14(7), 841; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14070841 - 12 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1512
Abstract
Affecting approximately 25% of the global population, steatotic liver disease (SLD) poses a significant health concern. SLD ranges from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and fibrosis with a risk of severe liver complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. SLD is associated [...] Read more.
Affecting approximately 25% of the global population, steatotic liver disease (SLD) poses a significant health concern. SLD ranges from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and fibrosis with a risk of severe liver complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. SLD is associated with obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and insulin resistance, increasing cardiovascular risks. As such, identifying SLD is vital for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment. Bile acids (BAs) have critical roles in lipid digestion and are signalling molecules regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and influencing gut microbiota balance. BAs have been identified as critical mediators in cardiovascular health, influencing vascular tone, cholesterol homeostasis, and inflammatory responses. The cardio-protective or harmful effects of BAs depend on their concentration and composition in circulation. The effects of certain BAs occur through the activation of a group of receptors, which reduce atherosclerosis and modulate cardiac functions. Thus, manipulating BA receptors could offer new avenues for treating not only liver diseases but also CVDs linked to metabolic dysfunctions. In conclusion, this review discusses the intricate interplay between BAs, metabolic pathways, and hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. We also highlight the necessity for further research to improve our understanding of how modifying BA characteristics affects or ameliorates disease. Full article
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13 pages, 682 KiB  
Review
Innate Immunity and MASLD
by Moritz Meyer, Julian Schwärzler, Almina Jukic and Herbert Tilg
Biomolecules 2024, 14(4), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14040476 - 13 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2273
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease worldwide in recent years. MASLD commonly presents as simple hepatic steatosis, but ~25% of patients develop liver inflammation, progressive fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver inflammation and [...] Read more.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as the most common liver disease worldwide in recent years. MASLD commonly presents as simple hepatic steatosis, but ~25% of patients develop liver inflammation, progressive fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver inflammation and the degree of fibrosis are key determinants of the prognosis. The pathophysiology of liver inflammation is incompletely understood and involves diverse factors and specifically innate and adaptive immune responses. More specifically, diverse mediators of innate immunity such as proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines, inflammasomes and various cell types like mononuclear cells, macrophages and natural killer cells are involved in directing the inflammatory process in MASLD. The activation of innate immunity is driven by various factors including excess lipids and lipotoxicity, insulin resistance and molecular patterns derived from gut commensals. Targeting pathways of innate immunity might therefore appear as an attractive therapeutic strategy in the future management of MASLD and possibly its complications. Full article
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