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Biomolecules
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Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism
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Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules: Lipids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (7 July 2022) | Viewed by 11979

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Naoko Goto-Inoue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Marine Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan
Interests: Lipid; imaging; Skeletal muscle

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mass Spectrometry is widely used for the exploratory dynamics of biomolecules. Lipids which consist of various molecular species are hard to analyze in detail without mass spectrometry. With the remarkable development of mass spectrometers in recent years, we have managed to detect lipids with high mass accuracy and sensitivity. Researchers have to optimize appropriate processing samples and suitable equipment for detection. Moreover, visualization of biomolecules, namely, mass spectrometry imaging, has been performed. In this Special Issue, we will focus on lipid metabolism validated using various mass spectrometry techniques.

Dr. Naoko Goto-Inoue
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • lipid
  • molecular species
  • mass spectrometry
  • imaging

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4448 KiB  
Article
Metoprolol Inhibits Developmental Brain Sterol Biosynthesis in Mice
by Luke B. Allen and Károly Mirnics
Biomolecules 2022, 12(9), 1211; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12091211 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2668
Abstract
De novo sterol synthesis is a critical homeostatic mechanism in the brain that begins during early embryonic development and continues throughout life. Multiple medications have sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting side effects, with potentially detrimental effects on brain health. Using LC-MS/MS, we investigated the effects of six [...] Read more.
De novo sterol synthesis is a critical homeostatic mechanism in the brain that begins during early embryonic development and continues throughout life. Multiple medications have sterol-biosynthesis-inhibiting side effects, with potentially detrimental effects on brain health. Using LC-MS/MS, we investigated the effects of six commonly used beta-blockers on brain sterol biosynthesis in vitro using cell lines. Two beta-blockers, metoprolol (MTP) and nebivolol, showed extreme elevations of the highly oxidizable cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) in vitro across multiple cell lines. We followed up on the MTP findings using a maternal exposure model in mice. We found that 7-DHC was significantly elevated in all maternal brain regions analyzed as well as in the heart, liver and brain of the maternally exposed offspring. Since DHCR7-inhibiting/7-DHC elevating compounds can be considered teratogens, these findings suggest that MTP utilization during pregnancy might be detrimental for the development of offspring, and alternative beta-blockers should be considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism)
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19 pages, 4435 KiB  
Article
Lipid Readjustment in Yarrowia lipolytica Odd-Chain Fatty Acids Producing Strains
by Sonia Abreu, Young-Kyoung Park, Camilla Pires de Souza, Lea Vidal, Pierre Chaminade and Jean-Marc Nicaud
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081026 - 25 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2990
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising oleaginous yeast for producing unusual lipids, such as odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA). Their diverse applications and low natural production make OCFA particularly interesting. In recent studies, inhibiting the catabolic pathway of precursor, boosting precursor pools, and optimizing substrate [...] Read more.
Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising oleaginous yeast for producing unusual lipids, such as odd-chain fatty acids (OCFA). Their diverse applications and low natural production make OCFA particularly interesting. In recent studies, inhibiting the catabolic pathway of precursor, boosting precursor pools, and optimizing substrate combination greatly improved the production of OCFA in Y. lipolytica. We explored the lipid readjustment of OCFA in engineered Y. lipolytica strains. NPLC-Corona-CAD® evidenced a time-dependent overproduction of free fatty acids, diglycerides, and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in obese LP compared to obese L. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol, largely overproduced in obese LP at 72 h compared to obese L, vanished at 216 h. The fatty acyls (FAs) composition of glycero- and glycerophospholipids was determined by NPLC-APPI+-HRMS from in-source generated monoacylglycerol-like fragment ions. C18:1 and C17:1 were predominant acylglycerols in obese L and obese LP, respectively. Phosphatidic acid, PE, and PC exhibited similar FAs composition but differed in their molecular species distributions. Cardiolipin (CL) is known to contain mostly C18:2 FAs corresponding to the composition in obese L, 50% of C18:2, and 35% of C18:1. In obese LP, both FAs dropped to drop to 20%, and C17:1 were predominant, reaching 55%. We hypothesize that CL-modified composition in obese LPs may alter mitochondrial function and limit lipid production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism)
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13 pages, 961 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Muscle Lipidome in Juvenile Rainbow Trout Fed Rapeseed Oil and Cochayuyo Meal
by John Quiñones, Rommy Díaz, Jorge F. Beltrán, Lidiana Velazquez, David Cancino, Erwin Muñoz, Patricio Dantagnan, Adrián Hernández, Néstor Sepúlveda and Jorge G. Farías
Biomolecules 2022, 12(6), 805; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12060805 - 9 Jun 2022
Viewed by 2462
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effects on the lipidome of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss muscle fed 90% Brassica napus “rapeseed” oil and different amounts of Durvillaea antarctica “Cochayuyo” meal (1.5, 3 and 6%) as a replacement for cellulose. The analysis allowed for the [...] Read more.
This study aimed to analyze the effects on the lipidome of juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss muscle fed 90% Brassica napus “rapeseed” oil and different amounts of Durvillaea antarctica “Cochayuyo” meal (1.5, 3 and 6%) as a replacement for cellulose. The analysis allowed for the identification of 329 lipids, mainly represented by phospholipids and fatty esters. The inclusion of Brassica napus oil significantly increased the levels of C18:2 species and fatty esters of hydroxylated fatty acids, which could play a bioactive role in human health. One of the most abundant lipids in all fillets was Phosphatidylcholine 33:6, which, according to the literature, could be considered a biomarker for the identification of Oncorhynchus mykiss. In all experimental diets, the species Phosphatidylethanolamine 15:1-18:24 showed four-fold higher levels than the control; increments of n-3- and n-6-rich phospholipids were also observed. Diets containing Durvillaea antarctica meal did not generate more significant variation in fish muscle phospholipids relative to the muscle of the rapeseed-oil-only group. These lipid species consist of medium- and long-chain fatty acids with different degrees of unsaturation. Still, it appears that the rapeseed oil masks the lipid contribution of the meal, possibly due to the low levels of total lipids in the macroalgae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism)
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13 pages, 1574 KiB  
Article
Deodorant Activity of Black Cumin Seed Essential Oil against Garlic Organosulfur Compound
by Yuri Yoshioka, Shinichi Matsumura and Masanori Morimoto
Biomolecules 2021, 11(12), 1874; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11121874 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3046
Abstract
The deodorant activity of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed, a spice used to flavor curry and vegetable foods in Southwest Asia, against garlic (Allium sativum L.) organosulfur compounds related to human malodor was evaluated. Black cumin seed essential oil showed [...] Read more.
The deodorant activity of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed, a spice used to flavor curry and vegetable foods in Southwest Asia, against garlic (Allium sativum L.) organosulfur compounds related to human malodor was evaluated. Black cumin seed essential oil showed remarkable deodorant activity against garlic essential oil. The mode of action of this deodorant activity was presumed to be that black cumin seed essential oil covalently reacted with the organosulfur compounds in garlic. Therefore, thymoquinone, which is a major constituent in black cumin seed essential oil, and allyl mercaptan, which is one of the organosulfur compounds produced by cutting garlic, were reacted in vitro, and the products were purified and elucidated using spectroscopic data. As a result, these substances were identified as different allyl mercaptan adducts to dihydrothymoquinone. This chemical reaction was presumed to play a key role in the deodorant activity of black cumin seed essential oil. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mass Spectrometry in the Lipid Metabolism)
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