Advanced Thin Film Sensors for Clinical Diagnosis

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 5034

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Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
Interests: thin films; functional molecular systems; sensors and transducers; electrical and optical properties of materials; biomedical sciences
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Technology is shedding light on in situ monitoring of multiple human body variables, propelling the development of novel medical probes towards the improvement of human health care. Human physiology research available today is often unfounded, and thus new research is of great significance not only to clinical experts but also to the end users of devices incorporated into the human body that measure vital signs, body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and many other biomarkers, either physical or biochemical. These devices are also capable of conforming to a new model of public health care focused on monitoring and prevention rather than on the treatment itself. From the point of view of sensory units, the following key questions must be considered:

  • What sensors can be used to monitor physiological variables?
  • How can the information collected by biosensors be used to make decisions?
  • What key applications of physiological biosensors are being developed in clinical diagnosis and quality of life scope?
  • What perspectives can be envisaged for physiological thin film sensors’ clinical diagnosis?

This Special Issue, “Advanced Thin Film Sensors for Clinical Diagnosis,” aims to provide updated scientific insights into the use of functional molecular structures in film form to transduce biosignals into representative biomarkers for human models and various applications for research, improvement of life quality and clinical challenges. In addition, signal processing and machine learning techniques allow decision making based on the information collected by sensors. Where medical care sensor devices and transducers are concerned, it is not possible to dissociate ourselves from the convergence of digital, physical, and biological technologies as a result of the fourth industrial revolution. From a healthcare point of view, a new era encompassing the transformation of medical devices into intelligent integrated systems that allow continuous monitoring and consequent action is coming. This reality is in line with relevant reports and resolutions of the World Health Organization, which were adopted by the World Health Assemblies in 1998. Of these, we highlight resolutions EB101.R3, 1998, WHA58.28, 2005, WHA66.24, and WHA71.7, resulting from the 66th and 7st meetings, held in 2013 and 2018, respectively. These resolutions, considering the growing relevance of the internet and its potential impact on health, urge member states to prioritize development of digital health technologies as a means of promoting Universal Health Coverage and disease management.

This juncture has led to a shift in the medical paradigm towards prevention rather than treatment and is at the origin of novel concepts such as eHealth and mHealth, which are based on the use of appropriate digital technologies for the promotion of public health, namely mobile devices and respective networks comprising a mobile network, or mHealth. This aspect is particularly important in the face of an aging population.

The widespread use of smart phones in today’s digital age, together with the developments in information and communication technology, namely in the speed and capacity of transmitting data through information channels, give ample support for the implementation and development of these technologies in healthcare. As a result, the medical paradigm is shifting the emphasis from treatment to prevention and early diagnosis.

Accordingly, healthcare systems are being designed to promote personal medical care for prevention and diagnosis using new digital technologies, for which a novel set of sensor devices must be developed.

We therefore invite the scientific community to submit contributions to this Biosensors Special Issue covering material and film processing, sensor device assemblage, sensor signal processing, sensor characterization, multisensory array assemblage, and signal processing.

Dr. Paulo A. Ribeiro
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • medical sensors
  • thin-film medical sensors
  • molecular structures for medical diagnosis
  • multifunctional thin film devices
  • processing signals from biomedical sensor arrays
  • lab on a chip

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 2698 KiB  
Article
Biosensors Based on Stanniocalcin-1 Protein Antibodies Thin Films for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
by Renato Ferreira, Paulo A. Ribeiro, Adelino V. M. Canário and Maria Raposo
Biosensors 2023, 13(11), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13110981 - 10 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1862
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent tumors in men, accounting for about 7.3% of cancer deaths. Although there are several strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer, these are only accurate when the tumor is already at a very advanced stage, so early [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent tumors in men, accounting for about 7.3% of cancer deaths. Although there are several strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer, these are only accurate when the tumor is already at a very advanced stage, so early diagnosis is essential. Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) is a secreted glycoprotein, which has been suggested as a tumor marker as its increased expression is associated with the development and/or progression of different types of malignant tumors. In this work, an electronic tongue (ET) prototype, based on a set of four sensors prepared from thin films that included STC1 antibodies for detecting prostate cancer, was developed. In the preparation of the thin films, polyelectrolytes of polyallylamine hydrochloride, polystyrene sulfonate of sodium and polyethyleneimine, and the biomolecules chitosan, protein A, and STC1 antibody were used. These films were deposited on quartz lamellae and on solid supports using layer-on-layer and self-assembly techniques. The deposition of the films was analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and the detection of STC1 in aqueous solutions of PBS was analyzed by impedance spectroscopy. The impedance data were statistically analyzed using principal component analysis. The ETs formed by the four sensors and the three best sensors could detect the antigen at concentrations in the range from 5 × 10−11 to 5 × 10−4 M. They showed a linear dependence with the logarithm of the antigen concentration and a sensitivity of 5371 ± 820 and 4863 ± 634 per decade of concentration, respectively. Finally, the results allow us to conclude that this prototype can advance to the calibration phase with patient samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thin Film Sensors for Clinical Diagnosis)
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21 pages, 6250 KiB  
Article
Cobalt and Iron Phthalocyanine Derivatives: Effect of Substituents on the Structure of Thin Films and Their Sensor Response to Nitric Oxide
by Darya Klyamer, Wenping Shao, Pavel Krasnov, Aleksandr Sukhikh, Svetlana Dorovskikh, Pavel Popovetskiy, Xianchun Li and Tamara Basova
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 484; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040484 - 17 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2454
Abstract
In this work, we study the effect of substituents in cobalt(II) and iron(II) phthalocyanines (CoPcR4 and FePcR4 with R = H, F, Cl, tBu) on the structural features of their films, and their chemi-resistive sensor response to a low concentration of [...] Read more.
In this work, we study the effect of substituents in cobalt(II) and iron(II) phthalocyanines (CoPcR4 and FePcR4 with R = H, F, Cl, tBu) on the structural features of their films, and their chemi-resistive sensor response to a low concentration of nitric oxide. For the correct interpretation of diffractograms of phthalocyanine films, structures of CoPcCl4 and FePcCl4 single crystals were determined for the first time. Films were tested as active layers for the determination of low concentrations of NO (10–1000 ppb). It was found that the best sensor response to NO was observed for the films of chlorinated derivatives MPcCl4 (M = Co, Fe), while the lowest response was in the case of MPc(tBu)4 films. FePcCl4 films exhibited the maximal response to NO, with a calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 3 ppb; the response and recovery times determined at 30 ppb of NO were 30 s and 80 s, respectively. The LOD of a CoPcCl4 film was 7 ppb. However, iron phthalocyanine films had low stability and their sensitivity to NO decreased rapidly over time, while the response of cobalt phthalocyanine films remained stable for at least several months. In order to explain the obtained regularities, quantum chemical calculations of the binding parameters between NO and phthalocyanine molecules were carried out. It was shown that the binding of NO to the side atoms of phthalocyanines occurred through van der Waals forces, and the values of the binding energies were in direct correlation with the values of the sensor response to NO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Thin Film Sensors for Clinical Diagnosis)
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