Smart Biosensors for Healthcare Applications and Environmental Monitoring

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Biosensors and Biosensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 17731

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Sciences, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, India
Interests: biosensors; lab on a chip; nanomedicine; cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Smart biosensors are playing pivotal roles in disease management, such as screening, diagnostics, and the monitoring of disease progression (including drug delivery). These miniaturized sensors are also being utilized for the environmental monitoring of various pollutants and contaminants in the Earth’s atmosphere. Various smart nanomaterial-based devices, along with lab on chip and nanoengineered sensors are being developed for the detection and tracking of biomarkers in humans and the environment. This Special Issue, entitled “Smart Biosensors for Healthcare Applications and Environmental Monitoring”, will feature the discoveries and innovative approaches presented in the field of biosensors to promote a healthy environment with sustainable human society. To explore the aspects of personalized healthcare and monitoring environmental pollution, we will investigate smart sensors for detecting biomarkers related to diseases (cancer, viruses, bacteria, etc.) and environmental pollutants (water, air, soil). The topics covered in this Special Issue will be as follows:

  1. Smart nanomaterial-based sensors for disease biomarkers
  2. Point of care sensors
  3. Miniaturized sensors for environmental monitoring (humidity sensors, soil sensors, etc.)
  4. Microfluidic-based sensors for disease management
  5. Nanosensors for drug delivery

We will accept contributions in the form of original research (communications, letters, and full length) and critical reviews (reviews and mini reviews).

Dr. Kamil Reza Khondakar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart sensors
  • personal healthcare
  • sensors for environmental contamination (soil, water, air)
  • nanomedicine
  • 3D-printed and microfluidic sensors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2754 KiB  
Article
Designing a Graphene Metasurface Organic Material Sensor for Detection of Organic Compounds in Wastewater
by Khaled Aliqab, Jacob Wekalao, Meshari Alsharari, Ammar Armghan, Dhruvik Agravat and Shobhit K. Patel
Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 759; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080759 - 26 Jul 2023
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 2757
Abstract
In many fields, such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics, the identification of organic compounds is essential. It is crucial to create exceptionally sensitive and selective sensors for the detection of organic compounds in order to safeguard the environment and human [...] Read more.
In many fields, such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and medical diagnostics, the identification of organic compounds is essential. It is crucial to create exceptionally sensitive and selective sensors for the detection of organic compounds in order to safeguard the environment and human health. Due to its outstanding electrical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics, the two-dimensional carbon substance graphene has recently attracted much attention for use in sensing applications. The purpose of this research is to create an organic material sensor made from graphene for the detection of organic substances like phenol, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, etc. Due to its high surface-to-volume ratio and potent interactions with organic molecules, graphene improves the sensor’s performance while the metasurface structure enables the design of highly sensitive and selective sensing elements. The suggested sensor is highly sensitive and accurate at detecting a broad spectrum of organic molecules, making it appropriate for a number of applications. The creation of this sensor has the potential to have a substantial impact on the field of organic sensing and increase the safety of food, medicine, and the environment. The graphene metasurface organic material sensor (GMOMS) was categorized into three types denoted as GMOMS1, GMOMS2, and GMOMS3 based on the specific application of the graphene chemical potential (GCP). In GMOMS1, GCP was applied on both the CSRR and CS surfaces. In GMOMS2, GCP was applied to the CS surface and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR. In GMOMS3, GCP was applied to the CSRR and the surrounding outer region of the CSRR surface. The results show that all three designs exhibit high relative sensitivity, with the maximum values ranging from 227 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS1 to 4318 GHz/RIU achieved by GMOMS3. The FOM values achieved for all the designs range from 2.038 RIU−1 achieved by GMOMS2 to 31.52 RIU−1 achieved by GMOMS3, which is considered ideal in this paper. Full article
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Review

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19 pages, 1461 KiB  
Review
Thalassemia and Nanotheragnostics: Advanced Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment
by Zahra Tariq, Muhammad Imran Qadeer, Iram Anjum, Christophe Hano and Sumaira Anjum
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13040450 - 1 Apr 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4368
Abstract
Thalassemia is a monogenic autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations, which lead to abnormal or reduced production of hemoglobin. Ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, hepcidin suppression, and iron overload are common manifestations that vary according to genotypes and dictate, which diagnosis and therapeutic modalities, including [...] Read more.
Thalassemia is a monogenic autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations, which lead to abnormal or reduced production of hemoglobin. Ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, hepcidin suppression, and iron overload are common manifestations that vary according to genotypes and dictate, which diagnosis and therapeutic modalities, including transfusion therapy, iron chelation therapy, HbF induction, gene therapy, and editing, are performed. These conventional therapeutic methods have proven to be effective, yet have several disadvantages, specifically iron toxicity, associated with them; therefore, there are demands for advanced therapeutic methods. Nanotechnology-based applications, such as the use of nanoparticles and nanomedicines for theragnostic purposes have emerged that are simple, convenient, and cost-effective methods. The therapeutic potential of various nanoparticles has been explored by developing artificial hemoglobin, nano-based iron chelating agents, and nanocarriers for globin gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9. Au, Ag, carbon, graphene, silicon, porous nanoparticles, dendrimers, hydrogels, quantum dots, etc., have been used in electrochemical biosensors development for diagnosis of thalassemia, quantification of hemoglobin in these patients, and analysis of conventional iron chelating agents. This review summarizes the potential of nanotechnology in the development of various theragnostic approaches to determine thalassemia-causing gene mutations using various nano-based biosensors along with the employment of efficacious nano-based therapeutic procedures, in contrast to conventional therapies. Full article
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20 pages, 8834 KiB  
Review
Application of Various Optical and Electrochemical Nanobiosensors for Detecting Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125): A Review
by Mehrab Pourmadadi, Ali Moammeri, Amin Shamsabadipour, Yasamin Farahanian Moghaddam, Abbas Rahdar and Sadanand Pandey
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010099 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3928
Abstract
Nowadays, diagnosing early-stage cancers can be vital for saving patients and dramatically decreases mortality rates. Therefore, specificity and sensitivity in the detection of cancer antigens should be elaborately ensured. Some early-stage cancers can be diagnosed via detecting the cancer antigen CA-125, such as [...] Read more.
Nowadays, diagnosing early-stage cancers can be vital for saving patients and dramatically decreases mortality rates. Therefore, specificity and sensitivity in the detection of cancer antigens should be elaborately ensured. Some early-stage cancers can be diagnosed via detecting the cancer antigen CA-125, such as ovarian cancer, and required treatments can be applied more efficiently. Thus, detection of CA-125 by employing various optical or electrochemical biosensors is a preliminary and crucial step to treating cancers. In this review, a diverse range of optical and electrochemical means of detecting CA-125 are reviewed. Furthermore, an applicable comparison of their performance and sensitivity is provided, several commercial detection kits are investigated, and their applications are compared and discussed to determine whether they are applicable and accurate enough. Full article
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16 pages, 2215 KiB  
Review
Role of Wearable Sensing Technology to Manage Long COVID
by Kamil Reza Khondakar and Ajeet Kaushik
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13010062 - 31 Dec 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5463
Abstract
Long COVID consequences have changed the perception towards disease management, and it is moving towards personal healthcare monitoring. In this regard, wearable devices have revolutionized the personal healthcare sector to track and monitor physiological parameters of the human body continuously. This would be [...] Read more.
Long COVID consequences have changed the perception towards disease management, and it is moving towards personal healthcare monitoring. In this regard, wearable devices have revolutionized the personal healthcare sector to track and monitor physiological parameters of the human body continuously. This would be largely beneficial for early detection (asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic cases of COVID-19), live patient conditions, and long COVID monitoring (COVID recovered patients and healthy individuals) for better COVID-19 management. There are multitude of wearable devices that can observe various human body parameters for remotely monitoring patients and self-monitoring mode for individuals. Smart watches, smart tattoos, rings, smart facemasks, nano-patches, etc., have emerged as the monitoring devices for key physiological parameters, such as body temperature, respiration rate, heart rate, oxygen level, etc. This review includes long COVID challenges for frequent monitoring of biometrics and its possible solution with wearable device technologies for diagnosis and post-therapy of diseases. Full article
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