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Wound Healing: Exploring Novel Biomaterials and Compounds in Light of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 854

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Research Unit on Implant Infections, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Interests: antimicrobial peptides; anti-adhesive surfaces; anti-biofilm agents; anti-biofouling materials; antibiotic-loaded biomaterials; anti-infective materials; anti-infective tissue regeneration membranes; bioactive antibacterial coatings; materials delivering antimicrobials; covalent conjugation of antimicrobial peptides; (gtr/gbr) membrane with anti-infective properties; implant infections; multilayer antibacterial films; periprosthetic infections; photocatalytic coatings for hygienic surfaces; technologies and nano-technologies for infection-resistant surfaces
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wound treatment still represents a significant medical problem with important economic implications. This applies to both acute and chronic wounds and is especially true for surgical wounds, primarily in orthopedic implant surgery, and for wounds in diabetics or the elderly. Indeed, in the conditions mentioned above, patients present with complex wounds where inflammation persists, healing is slow or never occurs, and where infection can pose a very heavy burden in terms of frequency, severity and irreducibility. Molecular knowledge is emerging and innovative strategies for the treatment of wounds are being developed that can help create a fruitful connection between experimental research and clinical application, according to the concept of translational medicine: from bench to bedside. In this context, discussing the complexity of cellular and molecular mechanisms of wound repair and how they can be modulated through the application of advanced strategies can enrich and update our knowledge. We need new molecules and new biomaterials, hopefully with beneficial characteristics: pro-regenerative, pro-reparative, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective. Even more desirable is that it is possible to identify new molecules and new materials, natural or synthetic, which simultaneously present a plurality of these beneficial characteristics. This special issue aims to provide an overview of the latest advances in the field of wound healing. It also aims to encourage the development and characterization of new molecules and biomaterials for their treatment.

Prof. Dr. Carla Renata Arciola
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • wound healing
  • inflammation
  • translational medicine
  • wound repair
  • pro-regenerative

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 11828 KiB  
Article
Bacterial Cellulose Membrane Experimentally Implanted in the Peritoneum of Wistar Rats—Inflammatory Immunoreactivity and Oxidative Stress
by Karina Oliveira Santos, Rebecca Bertolo, Natasha Lien de Almeida Ibanez, Mônica Rodrigues Alves, Tatiana Pessoa Onuma, Gabriella Costa Ribeiro, Anna Julia de Souza Porto, Cláudio Gustavo Barbeito, Luciana Pinato, Angela Faustino Jozala, Denise Grotto and Alessandre Hataka
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(11), 11729-11748; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46110697 - 22 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been used for various applications; however, studies investigating the immunohistochemical characteristics of the inflammatory and scarring component in BC implanted in the peritoneum in vivo have not yet been fully described. This study aimed to evaluate the systemic and [...] Read more.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been used for various applications; however, studies investigating the immunohistochemical characteristics of the inflammatory and scarring component in BC implanted in the peritoneum in vivo have not yet been fully described. This study aimed to evaluate the systemic and organic safety of BC through oxidative stress, blood, and serum biochemical markers, as well as the late inflammatory response in rats, using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Forty-three rats (26 males; 17 females) received BC in the peritoneal cavity (implanted group—IG), while twenty-seven rats (12 males; 15 females) served as the control (sham group—SG). Sixty days after surgery, oxidative stress in tissues, blood biochemical markers, and histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses for lymphocytes, macrophages, collagen, and vascular response around the BC were assessed. Only one oxidative stress marker, glutathione peroxidase, was elevated in the liver of IG rats. Creatine kinase MB and lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly lower in IG animals. Histopathological analysis showed granulomatous inflammation in 93% of IG rats, with 74% of mild intensity. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant macrophage presence (F4/80), with CD3, CD20, and F4/80 markers indicating differences favoring macrophages. In conclusion, BC implantation in the peritoneum induces a foreign body granulomatous response with prominent macrophage presence (F4/80). Type I and III collagen were observed around the membrane, and vascularization was intense 60 days post-implantation. From a biochemical and oxidative stress perspective, BC seems to be a safe material to be used in the peritoneal cavity. Full article
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