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Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis Regulation in Cancer 2024
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Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis Regulation in Cancer 2024

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 3217

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guido Giordano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: oncology; molecular biology; cell biology; pancreatic cancer; colorectal cancer; gastric cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as the crosstalk between tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment, have been widely investigated in order to understand the basis of cancer proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Despite this enhanced knowledge, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of each tumor remain unclear. Therefore, there remains the need for the following:

  • A deeper definition of the genetic and epigenetic changes that occur in various tumors;
  • The enhanced detection of tumor microenvironment components.

This information could lead to the introduction of novel biomarkers that will facilitate the timely diagnosis of cancer or tailored therapeutic approaches (target therapies).

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect and publish papers (original articles and full reviews) addressing the following topics:

  • Cancer biology;
  • Cancer genetics and epigenetics;
  • Molecular mechanisms or pathways involved in cancer;
  • Tumor microenvironment;
  • Role of the immune system in cancer;
  • Biomarkers for cancer detections;
  • Biomarkers for therapeutic approaches.

We especially thank Dr. Parcesepe for his contributions and support to this Special Issue.

Dr. Guido Giordano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer
  • cancer biology
  • genetic
  • epigenetic
  • tumor microenvironment
  • molecular biology
  • immune system
  • biomarkers
  • cancer diagnosis
  • target therapy

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2561 KiB  
Article
Microgravity as a Tool to Investigate Cancer Induction in Pleura Mesothelial Cells
by Valentina Bonetto, Corinna Anais Pagano, Maurizio Sabbatini, Valeria Magnelli, Massimo Donadelli, Emilio Marengo and Maria Angela Masini
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(10), 10896-10912; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46100647 - 27 Sep 2024
Viewed by 941
Abstract
The present work shows that the exposure of mesothelial cells to simulated microgravity changes their cytoskeleton and adhesion proteins, leading to a cell switch from normal towards tumoral cells. Immunohistochemical and molecular data were obtained from both MeT-5A exposed to simulated microgravity and [...] Read more.
The present work shows that the exposure of mesothelial cells to simulated microgravity changes their cytoskeleton and adhesion proteins, leading to a cell switch from normal towards tumoral cells. Immunohistochemical and molecular data were obtained from both MeT-5A exposed to simulated microgravity and BR95 mesothelioma cell lines. Simulated microgravity was found to affect the expression of actin, vinculin, and connexin-43, altering their quantitative and spatial distribution pattern inside the cell. The analysis of the tumoral markers p27, CD44, Fibulin-3, and NANOG and the expression of genes related to cancer transformation such as NANOG, CDH-1, and Zeb-1 showed that the simulated microgravity environment led to expression patterns in MeT-5A cells similar to those observed in BR95 cells. The alteration in both quantitative expression and structural organization of the cytoskeleton and adhesion/communication proteins can thus be considered a pivotal mechanism involved in the cellular shift towards tumoral progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis Regulation in Cancer 2024)
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25 pages, 5756 KiB  
Article
Impacts of DROSHA (rs10719) and DICER (rs3742330) Variants on Breast Cancer Risk and Their Distribution in Blood and Tissue Samples of Egyptian Patients
by Aly A. M. Shaalan, Essam Al Ageeli, Shahad W. Kattan, Amany I. Almars, Nouf A. Babteen, Abdulmajeed A. A. Sindi, Eman A. Toraih, Manal S. Fawzy and Marwa Hussein Mohamed
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(9), 10087-10111; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46090602 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1119
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play critical roles in tumorigenesis. Genetic variants in miRNA processing genes, DROSHA and DICER, have been implicated in cancer susceptibility and progression in various populations. However, their role in Egyptian patients [...] Read more.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play critical roles in tumorigenesis. Genetic variants in miRNA processing genes, DROSHA and DICER, have been implicated in cancer susceptibility and progression in various populations. However, their role in Egyptian patients with breast cancer (BC) remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the association of DROSHA rs10719 and DICER rs3742330 polymorphisms with BC risk and clinical outcomes. This case–control study included 209 BC patients and 106 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays in blood, tumor tissue, and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression and Fisher’s exact test. The DROSHA rs10719 AA genotype was associated with a 3.2-fold increased risk (95%CI = 1.23–9.36, p < 0.001), and the DICER rs3742330 GG genotype was associated with a 3.51-fold increased risk (95%CI = 1.5–8.25, p = 0.001) of BC. Minor allele frequencies were 0.42 for rs10719 A and 0.37 for rs3742330 G alleles. The risk alleles were significantly more prevalent in tumor tissue than adjacent normal tissue (rs10719 A: 40.8% vs. 0%; rs3742330 G: 42.7% vs. 0%; p < 0.001). However, no significant associations were observed with clinicopathological features or survival outcomes over a median follow-up of 17 months. In conclusion, DROSHA rs10719 and DICER rs3742330 polymorphisms are associated with increased BC risk and more prevalent in tumor tissue among our cohort, suggesting a potential role in miRNA dysregulation during breast tumorigenesis. These findings highlight the importance of miRNA processing gene variants in BC susceptibility and warrant further validation in larger cohorts and different ethnic populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis Regulation in Cancer 2024)
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Review

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14 pages, 299 KiB  
Review
Genetics and Molecular Pathogenesis of the Chondrosarcoma: A Review of the Literature
by Georgian-Longin Iacobescu, Antonio-Daniel Corlatescu, Bogdan Serban, Razvan Spiridonica, Horia Petre Costin and Catalin Cirstoiu
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(11), 12658-12671; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46110751 - 8 Nov 2024
Viewed by 716
Abstract
The chondrosarcoma, a cartilage-forming bone tumor, presents significant clinical challenges due to its resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment, but high-grade chondrosarcomas are prone to recurrence and metastasis, necessitating the identification of reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. [...] Read more.
The chondrosarcoma, a cartilage-forming bone tumor, presents significant clinical challenges due to its resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment, but high-grade chondrosarcomas are prone to recurrence and metastasis, necessitating the identification of reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. This review explores the genetic alterations and molecular pathways involved in chondrosarcoma pathogenesis. These markers show promise in distinguishing between benign enchondromas and malignant chondrosarcomas, assessing tumor aggressiveness, and guiding treatment. While these advancements offer hope for more personalized and targeted therapeutic strategies, further clinical validation of these biomarkers is essential to improve prognostic accuracy and patient outcomes in chondrosarcoma management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Pathogenesis Regulation in Cancer 2024)
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