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Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives
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Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Corrosion, Wear and Erosion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 11 July 2025 | Viewed by 9369

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Lucien Reclaru

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Scientific Independent Consultant Biomaterials and Medical Devices, 103 Paul-Vouga, 2074 Marin-Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Interests: materials; materials characterization; materials processing; biomaterials; alloys; corrosion; ceramics; toxicity; allergy; welding; coating; sintering; 3D printing in medical devices; 3D bioprinting; UE Legislation REACH; CEN; Eurométaux; Precious Metals and Rhenium; Conflict Minerals.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Florina Ionescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Paturle Aciers, 34, Av. Commdt L’Herminier, 38380 Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France
Interests: materials; materials characterization; materials processing; biomaterials; alloys; corrosion; toxicity; allergy; welding; coating; sintering; 3DPrinting in medical devices; Legislation: EU; REACH

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we welcome original research papers and reviews focused on the complex relationships between the corrosion process and materials with and without coating, thin and thick films, surface, and interfaces in their environment. In extenso, we also accept toxicology (allergy mutagenicity, carcinogens, and sensitizers) subjects regarding these types of materials. Corrosion, generally defined as a degradation of a material or its properties, by chemical reaction with the environment, currently affects all areas of the economy, from integrated circuits to reinforced concrete bridges, and extends to a wide spectrum of industries. In terms of biomaterial applications, one of the major inconvenient aspects is the degradation, which occurs due to the material’s interaction with the human body or physiological fluids. Corrosion resistance can be considered a vital property for biomaterial components, and it is associated with the problem of metallic ion release, which can potentially be harmful for the human body. Allergic reactions to substances in products and devices, in both professional and private life, are a significant and growing health problem, affecting large parts of the population. Corrosion and toxicity continue to attract research attention, not only because of the highly negative impact on society, but also for their potential application in new and critical technologies.

Prof. Dr. Lucien Reclaru
Dr. Florina Ionescu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thin and thick films
  • processes for coating deposition and modification
  • characterization techniques
  • functional, protective coatings
  • coatings for high temperature
  • film materials for packaging science
  • corrosion, erosion, and wear
  • metals
  • alloys
  • toxicity
  • allergy
  • mutagenicity
  • carcinogens
  • sensitizers
  • Ni, Cr, Co Release
  • legislation
  • technology transfer
  • coating processes
  • innovation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 7142 KiB  
Article
Wear and Corrosion Resistance of ZrN Coatings Deposited on Ti6Al4V Alloy for Biomedical Applications
by Stanislava Rabadzhiyska, Dimitar Dechev, Nikolay Ivanov, Tatyana Ivanova, Velichka Strijkova, Vesela Katrova, Velko Rupetsov, Nina Dimcheva and Stefan Valkov
Coatings 2024, 14(11), 1434; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14111434 - 11 Nov 2024
Viewed by 580
Abstract
Zirconium nitrides films were synthesized on Ti6Al4V substrates at a bias voltage of −50 V, −80 V, −110 V and −150 V by the direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The as-deposited coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) [...] Read more.
Zirconium nitrides films were synthesized on Ti6Al4V substrates at a bias voltage of −50 V, −80 V, −110 V and −150 V by the direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering technique. The as-deposited coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The wear and corrosion resistance of the obtained ZrN coatings were evaluated to determine the possibility for their implementation in modern biomedical applications. It was found that the intensity of the diffraction peak of the Zr-N phase corresponding to the (1 1 1) crystallographic plane rose as the bias voltage increased, while the ZrN coatings’ thickness reduced from 1.21 µm to 250 nm. The ZrN films’ surface roughness rose up to 75 nm at −150 V. Wear tests showed an increase in the wear rate and wear intensity as the bias voltage increased. Corrosion studies of the ZrN coatings were carried out by three electrochemical methods: open circuit potential (OCP), cyclic voltammetry (polarization measurements) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). All electrochemical measurements confirmed that the highest protection to corrosion is the ZrN coating, which was deposited on the Ti6Al4V substrate at a bias voltage of −150 V. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives)
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16 pages, 4909 KiB  
Article
Achieving Superior Corrosion Resistance of TiB2 Reinforced Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Composites via Optimizing Particle Distribution and Anodic Oxidation Time
by Dongdong Li, Kewei Gao, Jun Liu, Jie Huang, Dechao Zhao, Yue Gong, Mingliang Wang, Zhe Chen and Haowei Wang
Coatings 2023, 13(10), 1780; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101780 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1170
Abstract
In this study, the effects of particle distribution and anodizing time on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the TiB2 particle-reinforced Al-Zn-Mg-Cu composite were investigated. Relationships between TiB2 particle distribution, anodizing time, coating growth rule, and corrosion resistance were characterized and [...] Read more.
In this study, the effects of particle distribution and anodizing time on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the TiB2 particle-reinforced Al-Zn-Mg-Cu composite were investigated. Relationships between TiB2 particle distribution, anodizing time, coating growth rule, and corrosion resistance were characterized and discussed using an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope, an electrochemical test, and a salt spray test. Dispersion of TiB2 particles by powder metallurgy improved the corrosion resistance of the anodized coating on composites. Compared with the matrix, the corrosion potential (Ecorr) of the anodized coating shifted to the positive direction, and the corrosion current density (icorr) decreased. Meanwhile, the icorr of the coating decreased initially and then increased with the extension of the anodization time. The corrosion resistance of the coating was optimal at an anodization time of 20 min. The corrosion resistance of the composite was determined by both the porosity and thickness of the coating. Additionally, all samples treated by potassium dichromate sealing had no corrosion points after a 336-h salt spray test, demonstrating an excellent corrosion resistance suitable for harsh environmental applications in industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives)
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21 pages, 5625 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Galvanic and Crevice Corrosion of Watch Case Middle (1.4435 Steel) and Bottom (Panacea® Steel) Assembly Supposed to Be in Prolonged Contact with the Skin
by Lucien Reclaru, Cosmin M. Cotrut, Diana M. Vranceanu and Florina Ionescu
Coatings 2023, 13(5), 943; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13050943 - 17 May 2023
Viewed by 1694
Abstract
Today, laws protecting the population at the global level aim to minimize the induction risk of allergies to type IV contact dermatitis. In the European population, the prevalence of nickel allergy is at 10%–15% of adult females and 1%–3% of adult males. A [...] Read more.
Today, laws protecting the population at the global level aim to minimize the induction risk of allergies to type IV contact dermatitis. In the European population, the prevalence of nickel allergy is at 10%–15% of adult females and 1%–3% of adult males. A total of 30% of nickel-sensitive people in the general population develop hand eczema. This study concerns the possibility of assembling a bottom of nickel-free austenitic steel (Panacea®) in a watch case middle made of a grade of austenitic steels, steel 316L (DIN 1.44359), to avoid the risks of Ni release and to develop a galvanic pile between these two dissimilar materials. Two types of methods were used: direct measurements and prediction techniques (mixed potentials theory). For the degradation of thbottom-middle watch assembly, Nielsen–Tuccillo tests were performed, and Ni release measurements according to EN 1811 completed the study. All direct electrochemical investigations and galvanic current prediction measurements show low current values of 40–400 nA. Measurements of nickel release of Panacea® and 316L reveal small quantities of nickel, much lower than the 0.5 µg/cm2 per week that the European legislation enforces. The nickel-free steel Panacea® in the work hardening conditions 280, 427, and 510 HV0.1s were also studied. The cation extractions reveal the large quantities released from Cr, Mo, Mn, and Fe, so there is a risk of toxicity in contact with the skin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives)
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25 pages, 10393 KiB  
Article
Sensitization to Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Watch Straps Intended to Come into Direct and Prolonged Contact with Skin
by Lucien Reclaru
Coatings 2023, 13(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010018 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2798
Abstract
Nine grades of steel from different European steelmakers, namely 304L, 316L, and 904L, were evaluated. The austenitic steels studied are used in the manufacture of watch straps. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the [...] Read more.
Nine grades of steel from different European steelmakers, namely 304L, 316L, and 904L, were evaluated. The austenitic steels studied are used in the manufacture of watch straps. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the forms of corrosion, pitting (G48-11, FeCl3), intergranular (A262-15, Strauss method) test and Tuccillo–Nielsen test. The polarization electrochemical test on link watch straps was implemented by the microelectrode technique. Stress corrosion has also been investigated in the assembly of laser welded pin and link. It should be noted that, despite the fact that the grade of steel is in conformity with the classification standards, we note that the corrosion behavior is very different from one steelmaker to another. There are parameters that can change the quality of steel such as the technology process, casting volume, deoxidizers’ addition, remelted steel process and traces of pollutants. In consequence, we observe an extensive dispersion of results concerning nickel release, according to the EN 1811 European legislation regarding the protection of the population’s health, specifically relating to skin contact. In conclusion, steels DIN 1.4441 (316L Med) and DIN 1.4539 (904L) present a very good resistance to the morphologies of pitting and crevice corrosion. The 316L and 304L steel grades, also known as DIN 1.4435, DIN 1.4404 and DIN 1.4306, display a major difference in pitting and crevice corrosion behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives)
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Review

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18 pages, 18302 KiB  
Review
Current Status Review of Corrosion Resistance Applications of Titanium Alloys in the Petroleum Industry
by Lei Wang, Xiaohong Zhao, Xiaodong Wang, Shuilong Shang, Zhengwu Xiu, Yuntao Xi, Hongmin Jia, Shanna Xu, Haitao Liu, Lei Wen, Xinke Xiao, Ruifan Liu and Jiangtao Ji
Coatings 2024, 14(8), 941; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14080941 - 26 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1765
Abstract
Because of its superior strength, low elastic modulus, and exceptional resistance to corrosion, titanium alloy is commonly used as a replacement for carbon steel in the construction of oil well pipes. This paper starts with the application of titanium alloy in oil well [...] Read more.
Because of its superior strength, low elastic modulus, and exceptional resistance to corrosion, titanium alloy is commonly used as a replacement for carbon steel in the construction of oil well pipes. This paper starts with the application of titanium alloy in oil well pipes in the petroleum industry, summarizes the research progress of its mechanical properties and corrosion properties in titanium alloy drill pipes and oil casing, and compares the fatigue life of several common carbon steel materials and titanium alloy in the petroleum industry. At the same time, the influence of adding metal elements and optimizing the manufacturing process on the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy is discussed. Finally, the problems that titanium alloys may face in the actual production and application process are put forward. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-corrosion Coatings of Metals and Alloys—New Perspectives)
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