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Crystals
Special Issues
Crystallization and Purification
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Crystallization and Purification

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Crystallization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 3338

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kangli Li

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Guest Editor
Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312300, China
Interests: polymorphism; nucleation; crystal growth; industrial crystallization; crystal engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mingyang Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: crystallization process; spherical crystallization; nucleation; crystal growth; crystal agglomeration; simulation; particle engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Keke Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biology+ Joint Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: confinement crystallization; polymorph control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The modern industrial crystallization technology not only emphasizes the chemical purity of crystals, but also focuses on the control of their internal crystal structure and external morphology. With the increasing demand for high-end and high-value crystal products, such as in the electronics and information industries, crystallization technology has demonstrated advantages in separation and purification, as well as in the control of crystal morphologies.

This Special Issue of Crystals serves as a platform for researchers to report on the processes and mechanisms involved in utilizing crystallization technology for the separation, purification, and controlled preparation of high-value crystal products.

Dr. Kangli Li
Dr. Mingyang Chen
Dr. Keke Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crystallization technology
  • separation and purification
  • polymorph regulation
  • crystal habit

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4792 KiB  
Article
Leaching Efficacy of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) to Extract Rare-Earth Elements from Monazite Concentrate
by Ammar S. A. Al Sheidi, Laurence G. Dyer and Bogale Tadesse
Crystals 2024, 14(10), 829; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14100829 - 24 Sep 2024
Viewed by 858
Abstract
Alkaline EDTA solution has been previously identified as an effective leaching agent for solubilising rare-earth oxalates. These oxalates are the product of an oxalic acid conversion leach dissolving monazite and redepositing the salt. Pervious work suggested a significant increase in recovery was observed [...] Read more.
Alkaline EDTA solution has been previously identified as an effective leaching agent for solubilising rare-earth oxalates. These oxalates are the product of an oxalic acid conversion leach dissolving monazite and redepositing the salt. Pervious work suggested a significant increase in recovery was observed between pH 8 and 10; we have demonstrated that, in an excess of EDTA, this is not the case, and the dissolution is similar. While demonstrating that, at a nominal solid loading of 100 g/L, 0.2 M EDTA solution produced the highest dissolution, elevated solids require an equivalent increase in lixiviant concentration driven by consumption. Very-high-solution concentrations (>50 g/L dissolved TREEs) were achieved at a high solid loading, indicating both that a solution equilibrium is yet to be reached and that a build-up of oxalate in the system (estimated at ~1 M) does not impact the leach efficiency. We have also demonstrated the recycling of EDTA to use in multiple stages as well as the ability to recover oxalate from this solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallization and Purification)
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12 pages, 4918 KiB  
Article
An Enhanced Deep Learning-Based Pharmaceutical Crystal Detection with Regional Filtering
by Yanlei Kang, Zhenyu Duan, Tianlei Tong, Xiurong Hu, Xiongtao Zhang, Hailong Hu and Zhong Li
Crystals 2024, 14(8), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14080709 - 5 Aug 2024
Viewed by 841
Abstract
In the process of pharmaceutical crystallization, the automatic detection of crystal shapes in images is important since controlling the morphology of the crystals improves the quality of pharmaceutical crystals. In this paper, a novel image detection method called RECDet is proposed. It leverages [...] Read more.
In the process of pharmaceutical crystallization, the automatic detection of crystal shapes in images is important since controlling the morphology of the crystals improves the quality of pharmaceutical crystals. In this paper, a novel image detection method called RECDet is proposed. It leverages an automatically adapted binary image to bypass background regions, thereby reducing the detection field. In addition, the method greatly reduces the training time while improving the detection accuracy by using a specially designed detection box for the crystal shape. The performance of our model is evaluated through experimental analysis on a publicly available glutamate crystal dataset and a self-made entecavir pharmaceutical crystal dataset. Experimental results show that RECDet improves the accuracy of prediction bounding boxes by more than 2% compared to other popular models and achieves a classification accuracy of 98%. It can be used as a promising tool in the application of pharmaceutical crystallization control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallization and Purification)
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Review

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20 pages, 3643 KiB  
Review
Prevention of Crystal Agglomeration: Mechanisms, Factors, and Impact of Additives
by Huixiang Zhang, Shichao Du, Yan Wang and Fumin Xue
Crystals 2024, 14(8), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14080676 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1340
Abstract
Crystal agglomeration is a common phenomenon for most chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The formation of agglomerates usually lowers product purity and generates a broad particle size distribution. This review focuses on preventing agglomeration in solution crystallization, the storage of crystals, and pharmaceutical preparation processes. [...] Read more.
Crystal agglomeration is a common phenomenon for most chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The formation of agglomerates usually lowers product purity and generates a broad particle size distribution. This review focuses on preventing agglomeration in solution crystallization, the storage of crystals, and pharmaceutical preparation processes. The agglomeration mechanisms in these stages are analyzed and the effects of operating parameters are summarized. Furthermore, effective control means related to the crystallization environment are elaborated, including solvents, ultrasound, and additives. Special attention is paid to the influence of additives in preventing the aggregation of both suspensions and dried powders. Besides additives used in solution crystallization, the roles of anti-caking agents, stabilizers of nanosuspensions, and excipients of solid dispersions are also discussed. The additive type and properties like hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity, ionic strength, viscosity, the steric hindrance effect, and intermolecular interactions between additives and crystals can greatly affect the degree of agglomeration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystallization and Purification)
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