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Crystals
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Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based...
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Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2020) | Viewed by 26196

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Enrico Cavalli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy
Interests: luminescence of inorganic solids; pptical spectroscopy; solid state chemistry; crystal growth

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new, efficient, and environmentally-friendly technologies constitutes a crucial challenge to this and the next generations of scientists. Among the materials of great present and future perspective of use, inorganic luminescent solids occupy a key place: Lighting, sensing, labelling, photonics, diagnostics, and photocatalysis are only some examples of their fields of application. Research activity is continuously growing together with the demand for materials with ever newer features, suitable for more and more sophisticated applications.

This Special Issue of Crystals is dedicated to all aspects related to the development, characterization, and applications of inorganic luminescent materials containing transition metal or rare earth ions, with the aim to provide an overview of the issues of current interest, without, of course, any claim to completeness and/or exhaustiveness.

Researchers working in the field are invited to contribute. Potential topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

  • Synthesis and characterization techniques of optical materials;
  • Fundamental photoluminescence properties and spectroscopic measurements;
  • Excited states dynamics: Charge transfer, energy transfer processes, etc.;
  • Thermoluminescence, afterglow;
  • Modeling, first-principles calculations, etc.;
  • Crystals, glasses, amorphous materials, glass ceramics, transparent ceramics;
  • Nanoparticles and nanocomposites;
  • Optical amplifiers, lasers;
  • Phosphors for X-rays, UV, solid-state lighting, displays, imaging;
  • Scintillators;
  • Wavelength converters for efficient photovoltaic systems;
  • Luminescent materials for biological applications;
  • Optical thermometers.

Prof. Dr. Enrico Cavalli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

2 pages, 147 KiB  
Editorial
Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth-Based Luminescent Inorganic Materials
by Enrico Cavalli
Crystals 2020, 10(12), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10121120 - 9 Dec 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1611
Abstract
This Special Issue is dedicated to luminescent inorganic materials, an extremely vast topic that often and willingly crosses over into other important fields of chemistry and physics [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review, Other

16 pages, 4115 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Luminescence of Eu3+- and Gd3+-Doped Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
by Veronica Paterlini, Marco Bettinelli, Rosanna Rizzi, Asmaa El Khouri, Manuela Rossi, Giancarlo Della Ventura and Francesco Capitelli
Crystals 2020, 10(9), 806; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090806 - 11 Sep 2020
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 4081
Abstract
Luminescence properties of europium-doped Ca10-xEux(PO4)6(OH)2 (xEu = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.10 and 0.20) and gadolinium-doped hydroxyapatite Ca9.80Gd0.20(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA), synthesized via solid-state reaction at T [...] Read more.
Luminescence properties of europium-doped Ca10-xEux(PO4)6(OH)2 (xEu = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.10 and 0.20) and gadolinium-doped hydroxyapatite Ca9.80Gd0.20(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA), synthesized via solid-state reaction at T = 1300 °C, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and luminescence spectroscopy. Crystal structure characterization (from unit cell parameters determination to refined atomic positions) was achieved in the P63/m space group. FTIR analyses show only slight band shifts of (PO4) modes as a function of the rare earth concentration. Structural refinement, achieved via the Rietveld method, and luminescence spectroscopy highlighted the presence of dopant at the Ca2 site. Strong luminescence was observed for all Eu- and Gd-doped samples. Our multi-methodological study confirms that rare-earth (RE)-doped synthetic hydroxyapatites are promising materials for bio-imaging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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14 pages, 4341 KiB  
Article
Rosebengal-Loaded Nanoporous Structure Based on Rare Earth Metal-Organic-Framework: Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Performance
by Kai Song, Han Yu, Jingyi Zhang, Yumeng Bai, Yanjun Guan, Jingbo Yu and Liquan Guo
Crystals 2020, 10(3), 185; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030185 - 8 Mar 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2865
Abstract
A rosebengal-modified nanoporous structure was designed and constructed. This composite structure consisted of an organic sensitizer based on rosebengal and a supporting host of rare earth metal-organic-framework (MOF). It was identified by means of its x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Infrared (IR) spectra, thermal [...] Read more.
A rosebengal-modified nanoporous structure was designed and constructed. This composite structure consisted of an organic sensitizer based on rosebengal and a supporting host of rare earth metal-organic-framework (MOF). It was identified by means of its x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Infrared (IR) spectra, thermal stability and photophysical measurements. Its absorption was increased by 2,4,6-trinitrophenol. Its rosebengal emission was proportionally increased. But its rare earth emission was well-preserved, offering ratiometric signals. These two sensing modes exhibited linear response and good selectivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.9 μM. Its sensing nature was confirmed as the combination of increased rosebengal emission and rare earth emission quenching effect triggered electron-deficient molecules. This nanoporous structure was superior to traditional ones owing to its double sensing modes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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Graphical abstract

10 pages, 42376 KiB  
Article
Uniform Spheres of α-NaYF4:RE3+ (RE=Eu, Tb, Ce, Er, and Tm): Template-Free Synthesis, Multi-Color Photoluminescence, and Their Application in Cellular Imaging
by Xiaofeng Fan, Laiqin Gu, Yiling Hu and Qi Zhu
Crystals 2020, 10(2), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10020119 - 14 Feb 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3476
Abstract
Uniformly dispersed luminescent probes with a high brightness and high resolution are desired in bio imaging fields. Here, ~100 nm sized and well-dispersed spheres of RE3+ doped α-NaYF4 (rare earth (RE) = Eu, Tb, Ce, Er, and Tm) have been facile [...] Read more.
Uniformly dispersed luminescent probes with a high brightness and high resolution are desired in bio imaging fields. Here, ~100 nm sized and well-dispersed spheres of RE3+ doped α-NaYF4 (rare earth (RE) = Eu, Tb, Ce, Er, and Tm) have been facile synthesized through hydrothermal processing in the absence of a template, followed by a proper annealing. The processing window of the cubic structured spheres is wide, because the hydrothermal products are independent of the processing conditions, including reaction time and temperature. The original morphology and crystal structure can be well retained with a calcination temperature up to 600 °C. However, calcination gives rise to a reduction of particle sizes, as a result of the crystallite growth and densification. Under ultraviolet radiation, α-NaYF4:RE3+ spheres show characteristic f-f emissions of RE3+ (RE = Eu, Tb, Ce, Er, and Tm), and exhibit orange red, green, ultraviolet (UV), blue green, and blue emissions, respectively. Mainly because of the near-infrared emission at ~697 nm (5D0→7F4 transitions of Eu3+), the successful imaging of macrophages was achieved by NH2-NaYF4:Eu3+ probes, indicating their excellent imaging capacity for cells in vitro. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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10 pages, 3317 KiB  
Article
Thermoluminescence Characteristics of Terbium Doped Zinc Borates
by Nil Kucuk
Crystals 2019, 9(11), 557; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9110557 - 25 Oct 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2751
Abstract
In this work, structural and thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics for ZnB2O4:xTb3+ (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.10 mole) phosphors were investigated. The phosphors were prepared via synthesis of nitric acid. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show [...] Read more.
In this work, structural and thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics for ZnB2O4:xTb3+ (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.10 mole) phosphors were investigated. The phosphors were prepared via synthesis of nitric acid. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show that the synthesized samples can be indexed to nearly single-phase cubic ZnB2O4. The TL characteristics following 90Sr beta irradiation (40 mCi) were studied. TL intensity is found to depend on Tb concentration. The optimal concentration of the doped Tb3+ is 0.03 mol in TL measurements. TL dose responses of the phosphors to beta doses of 0.143, 0.715, 1.43, 15, 30 and 60 Gy showed fairly linear behavior. The minimum detectable dose (MDD) value for ZnB2O4:0.04Tb3+ was found to be 87 mGy. The kinetic parameters of the ZnB2O4:0.03Tb3+ sample were estimated by the glow curve deconvolution, the initial rise, the curve fitting, and the peak shape methods. The results indicate that these phosphors are thought to be promising candidates as TL materials. The results provide valuable knowledge of the characteristics of Tb-doped ZnB2O4 for use in dosimetry research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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7 pages, 2071 KiB  
Article
Triple-Ringed Luminescent Heptanuclear Zn(II) Cluster for Efficient Ag(I) Ion Sensing Materials
by Qian-Jun Deng, Min Chen, Dong-Chu Chen, Zhong-Hong Zhu and Hua-Hong Zou
Crystals 2019, 9(7), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9070374 - 22 Jul 2019
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2582
Abstract
The organic ligands (E)-8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde oxime (H2L1) and furan-2-ylmethanamine (H2L2) were used to react with Zn(NO3)2·6H2O at 140 °C solvothermal for two days to obtain the heptanuclear Zn(II) [...] Read more.
The organic ligands (E)-8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carbaldehyde oxime (H2L1) and furan-2-ylmethanamine (H2L2) were used to react with Zn(NO3)2·6H2O at 140 °C solvothermal for two days to obtain the heptanuclear Zn(II) cluster [Zn7(L1)4(HL1)2(H2L2)(µ2-OH)(µ2-O)(NO3)] (1). The X-ray single crystal diffraction reveals that every five-coordinated Zn(II) ions are surrounded by two N atoms and three O atoms with the N2O3 coordination environment and four-coordinated Zn(II) ion surrounded by one N atom and three O atoms in the NO3 coordinated environment. The photoluminescence of cluster 1 is obvious. Moreover, in the presence of Ag(I) ions, cluster 1 exhibits an efficient recognition ability, and it realizes the recognition of toxic metal ions. Here, we have developed cluster-based sensing materials for the efficient detection of heavy metal ions Ag(I) strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research, Other

53 pages, 5428 KiB  
Review
Luminescence Spectroscopy and Origin of Luminescence Centers in Bi-Doped Materials
by Aleksei Krasnikov, Eva Mihokova, Martin Nikl, Svetlana Zazubovich and Yaroslav Zhydachevskyy
Crystals 2020, 10(3), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030208 - 17 Mar 2020
Cited by 63 | Viewed by 6056
Abstract
Bi-doped compounds recently became the subject of an extensive research due to their possible applications as scintillator and phosphor materials. The oxides co-doped with Bi3+ and trivalent rare-earth ions were proposed as prospective phosphors for white light-emitting diodes and quantum cutting down-converting [...] Read more.
Bi-doped compounds recently became the subject of an extensive research due to their possible applications as scintillator and phosphor materials. The oxides co-doped with Bi3+ and trivalent rare-earth ions were proposed as prospective phosphors for white light-emitting diodes and quantum cutting down-converting materials applicable for enhancement of silicon solar cells. Luminescence characteristics of different Bi3+-doped materials were found to be strongly different and ascribed to electronic transitions from the excited levels of a Bi3+ ion to its ground state, charge-transfer transitions, Bi3+ dimers or clusters, radiative decay of Bi3+-related localized or trapped excitons, etc. In this review, we compare the characteristics of the Bi3+-related luminescence in various compounds; discuss the possible origin of the corresponding luminescence centers as well as the processes resulting in their luminescence; consider the phenomenological models proposed to describe the excited-state dynamics of the Bi3+-related centers and determine the structure and parameters of their relaxed excited states; address an influence of different interactions (e.g., spin-orbit, electron-phonon, hyperfine) as well as the Bi3+ ion charge and volume compensating defects on the luminescence characteristics. The Bi-related luminescence arising from lower charge states (namely, Bi2+, Bi+, Bi0) is also reviewed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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Other

10 pages, 1200 KiB  
Concept Paper
Structural Analysis of the BaWO4 Crystal Doped with Ce and Codoped with Na Ions Based on g-shift Parameters
by Tomasz Bodziony and Slawomir Maksymilian Kaczmarek
Crystals 2020, 10(9), 789; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090789 - 6 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2077
Abstract
The relationship between the g-shift and the local structure of the Ce3+ paramagnetic center with axial symmetry were investigated for four BaWO4 single crystals doped with Ce and codoped with Na. Based on g-shift the displacements of Ce3+ ions are [...] Read more.
The relationship between the g-shift and the local structure of the Ce3+ paramagnetic center with axial symmetry were investigated for four BaWO4 single crystals doped with Ce and codoped with Na. Based on g-shift the displacements of Ce3+ ions are determined. The g-shift method yields displacements of impurity ions in good agreement with the superposition model (SPM) and the perturbation methods (PM) predictions. The structural analysis of the paramagnetic ions and its surrounding in the BaWO4 unit cell was also conducted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Transition Metal or Rare Earth -based Luminescent Inorganic Materials)
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