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Diagnostics
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Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis
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Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 8010

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Georgina Tzanakaki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Meningitis Reference Laboratory, Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
Interests: Neisseria meningitidis; Spreptococcus pneumoniae; Haemophilus influenzae; bacterial meningitis; molecular diagnosis; outbreak investigation; laboratory surveillance; Public Health Microbiology, meningococcal and pneumococcal vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide scholars with a platform to explore the latest advancements in diagnosing and treating meningitis. It presents a comprehensive overview of meningitis types, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and management strategies, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnoses and aggressive treatments to minimize long-term neurological sequelae. It also highlights innovative diagnostic tools and therapies that are improving outcomes for patients with meningitis.

We will focus on articles covering a range of topics, including novel diagnostic approaches, utilizing our available diagnostic armamentarium for surveillance, vaccine implementation, antimicrobial sensitivity/resistance patterns, and novel treatment as well as management approaches. It is, therefore, my pleasure to invite submissions of high-quality research-based or review papers related to the aforementioned topics to create a timely and highly relevant collection of articles tackling this pertinent public health problem.

Prof. Dr. Georgina Tzanakaki
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Invasive Meningococcal Disease
  • Molecular epidemiology
  • Molecular diagnosis (including advanced sequencing technology)
  • Clinical diagnosis
  • Clinical management
  • Therapeutic approaches
  • Vaccine prevention strategies
  • MenB protein vaccines
  • Vaccination programs and high risk patient populations
  • Meningococcal modeling in outbreaks and persistence on vaccine protection
  • Emergence of new meningococcal clones
  • Surveillance
  • Mass gatherings
  • preventive measures
  • Evolution of hypervirulent strains
  • N. meningitidis and non-specific syndromes
  • Carriage studies
  • Sero-epidemiology

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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12 pages, 2614 KiB  
Article
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infections in Hungary between 2017–2023—Investigation of the First Congenital Infections
by Anita Koroknai, Anna Nagy, Orsolya Nagy, Nikolett Csonka, Eszter Mezei, Katalin Szomor and Mária Takács
Diagnostics 2024, 14(13), 1436; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14131436 - 5 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1179
Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a neglected rodent-borne arenavirus, primarily spread by common house mouse species. Acquired human infections range from asymptomatic to mild flu-like symptoms and self-resolving neurological diseases. In contrast, intrauterine LCMV infection is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Infection [...] Read more.
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a neglected rodent-borne arenavirus, primarily spread by common house mouse species. Acquired human infections range from asymptomatic to mild flu-like symptoms and self-resolving neurological diseases. In contrast, intrauterine LCMV infection is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Infection of the fetus often leads to fetal death, and surviving fetuses may develop vision impairment and central nervous system developmental disorders. LCMV is mainly diagnosed by serological methods using in-house indirect immunofluorescence assays. LCMV nucleic acid is detected by the nested RT-PCR method and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In Hungary, 23 acquired lymphocytic choriomeningitis cases were diagnosed between 2017 and 2023. Ten out of 23 confirmed patients proved to be positive by the PCR method. Two cases of intrauterine LCMV infections were detected in 2019 and 2021, respectively. The IgG antibody titers measured in the infant’s serum samples were much higher than the IgG titers of the maternal serum samples. Both IgM and IgA antibodies were detectable in the infants’ sera. As the microbiological diagnosis of LCMV is rather challenging and the symptoms are very similar to the clinical picture of other common teratogenic pathogens such as cytomegalovirus or Toxoplasma gondii, intrauterine LCMV infections might still be underdiagnosed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis)
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12 pages, 559 KiB  
Article
An Assessment of a New Rapid Multiplex PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Meningoencephalitis
by Genoveva Cuesta, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Andrea Vergara, Enric Roses, Jordi Bosch, Climent Casals-Pascual, Alex Soriano, Mª Ángeles Marcos, Sergi Sanz and Jordi Vila
Diagnostics 2024, 14(8), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14080802 - 11 Apr 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1729
Abstract
The rapid and broad microbiological diagnosis of meningoencephalitis (ME) has been possible thanks to the development of multiplex PCR tests applied to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We aimed to assess a new multiplex PCR panel (the QIAstat-Dx ME panel), which we compared to conventional [...] Read more.
The rapid and broad microbiological diagnosis of meningoencephalitis (ME) has been possible thanks to the development of multiplex PCR tests applied to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We aimed to assess a new multiplex PCR panel (the QIAstat-Dx ME panel), which we compared to conventional diagnostic tools and the Biofire FilmArray ME Panel. The pathogens analyzed using both methods were Escherichia coli K1, Haemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterovirus, herpes simplex virus 1–2, human herpesvirus 6, human parechovirus, varicella zoster virus, and Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii. We used sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and kappa correlation index parameters to achieve our objective. Fifty CSF samples from patients with suspected ME were included. When conventional methods were used, 28 CSF samples (56%) were positive. The sensitivity and specificity for QIAstat-Dx/ME were 96.43% (CI95%, 79.8–99.8) and 95.24% (75.2–99.7), respectively, whereas the PPV and NPV were 96.43% (79.8–99.8) and 95.24% (75.1–99.7), respectively. The kappa value was 91.67%. Conclusions: A high correlation of the QIAstat-Dx ME panel with reference methods was shown. QIAstat-Dx ME is a rapid-PCR technique to be applied in patients with suspected ME with a high accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis)
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13 pages, 662 KiB  
Article
A Laboratory-Based Surveillance Study of Invasive Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae Diseases in a Serbian Pediatric Population—Implications for Vaccination
by Snezana Delic, Vera Mijac, Ina Gajic, Dusan Kekic, Lazar Ranin, Boris Jegorovic, Davor Culic, Valentina Cirkovic, Marina Siljic, Maja Stanojevic, Metka Paragi, Milos Markovic and Natasa Opavski
Diagnostics 2021, 11(6), 1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11061059 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3245
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology of invasive diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pre-vaccine period, and Haemophilus influenzae in the post-vaccine period in a pediatric population from Serbia. Among the meningococci, serogroup B dominated [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology of invasive diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pre-vaccine period, and Haemophilus influenzae in the post-vaccine period in a pediatric population from Serbia. Among the meningococci, serogroup B dominated (83%), followed by serogroup C (11.3%). High antigenic diversity was found, with fine type P1.5-1,10-4 being the most frequent. Moderate susceptibility to penicillin was common (55%). Within pneumococci, serotypes 19F, 14, 6B, 6A, 18C, 23F, 3, and 7F prevailed, while 19A was rare (3.6%). The coverages of PCV10 and PCV13 were 68% and 84%, respectively. Major sequence types were ST320, ST15, ST273, ST271, and ST81. Non-susceptibility to penicillin (66.7%), cefotaxime (37%), and macrolides (55%) was predominantly detected in vaccine-related serotypes. Among the 11 invasive H. influenzae isolates collected, there were six Hib, three non-type b, and two non-typeable strains (ntHi) that were antibiotic susceptible. These results imply a potential benefit of future Men-B vaccine implementations. For pneumococci, as PCV10 was recently introduced, a significant reduction of morbidity and antibiotic resistance might be expected. The efficiency of Hib vaccination is evident, but a shift towards non-type b and ntHi strains may be anticipated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis)
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3 pages, 188 KiB  
Reply
Reply to Paranhos-Baccalà et al. Comment on “Cuesta et al. An Assessment of a New Rapid Multiplex PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Meningoencephalitis. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 802”
by Genoveva Cuesta, Pedro Puerta-Alcalde, Andrea Vergara, Enric Roses, Jordi Bosch, Climent Casals-Pascual, Alex Soriano, Maria Ángeles Marcos, Sergi Sanz and Jordi Vila
Diagnostics 2024, 14(17), 1885; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14171885 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 370
Abstract
We appreciate the interest and reflections of Paranhos-Baccalà and colleagues in our recent article published in Diagnostics [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis)
3 pages, 196 KiB  
Comment
Comment on Cuesta et al. An Assessment of a New Rapid Multiplex PCR Assay for the Diagnosis of Meningoencephalitis. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 802
by Glaucia Paranhos-Baccalà, Tania Curião, Julien Textoris and Florence Allantaz
Diagnostics 2024, 14(17), 1884; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14171884 - 28 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 401
Abstract
In April 2024, the manuscript by Cuesta et al [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Management of Meningitis)
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