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Diversity
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Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change
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Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Biodiversity Loss & Dynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 8845

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andrey Sirin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Peatland Center, Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 143030 Uspenskoye, Moscow region, Russia
Interests: peatlands; ecology; ecohydrology; diversity; climate change; mitigation; adaptation; wise use; protection; restoration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The topic of peatlands and climate change is multifaceted. Peatlands stand out from other ecosystems by their carbon accumulation and storage. They are sources and sinks of greenhouse gases, which determines their impact on climate change and their potential for mitigation. Peatlands are characterised by special biodiversity on genetic, species, ecosystem and landscape levels, and they provide a wide range of ecosystem services important to humans. Maintaining these peatland functions under climate change requires adaptation measures. This must take into account the specific nature of peatland ecosystems, the mechanisms of their resilience to climate change. The peat deposit is a unique archive of data on past climate and the response of peatlands. It can help to understand the current situation and to predict the future. Peatlands are diverse in their nature, geographical conditions, and persistence under human influence. The relationship between peatlands and climate change can be varied. There are many interesting studies and publications on the problem, but if we are able to present its different aspects, this could help its anaysis and show the special role of peatlands.

Dr. Andrey Sirin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diversity is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Peatlands
  • Mires
  • Biodiversity
  • Climate change
  • Mitigation
  • Adaptation
  • Wise use
  • Protection
  • Restoration

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 9200 KiB  
Article
Microbial Communities of Peaty Permafrost Tundra Soils along the Gradient of Environmental Conditions and Anthropogenic Disturbance in Pechora River Delta in the Eastern European Arctic
by Irina Kravchenko, Denis Grouzdev, Marina Sukhacheva, Tatyana Minayeva and Andrey Sirin
Diversity 2023, 15(2), 251; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020251 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1844
Abstract
Microbial communities play crucial roles in the global carbon cycle, particularly in peatland and tundra ecosystems experiencing climate change. The latest IPCC assessments highlight the anthropogenic changes in the Arctic peatlands and their consequences due to global climate change. These disturbances could trigger [...] Read more.
Microbial communities play crucial roles in the global carbon cycle, particularly in peatland and tundra ecosystems experiencing climate change. The latest IPCC assessments highlight the anthropogenic changes in the Arctic peatlands and their consequences due to global climate change. These disturbances could trigger permafrost degradation and intensification of the biogeochemical processes resulting in greenhouse gas formation. In this study, we describe the variation in diversity and composition of soil microbial communities from shallow peat tundra sites with different anthropogenic loads and applied restoration interventions in the landscape of remnant fragments of terraces in the Pechora River delta, the Russian Arctic, Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The molecular approaches, including quantitative real-time PCR and high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 16S RNA and ITS, were applied to examine the bacterial and fungal communities in the soil samples. Anthropogenic disturbance leads to a significant decrease in the representation of Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, while the proportion and diversity of Proteobacteria increase. Fungal communities in undisturbed sites may be characterized as monodominant, and anthropogenic impact increases the fungal diversity. Only the verrucomicrobial methanotrophs Methyloacifiphilaceae were found in the undisturbed sites, but proteobacterial methanotrophs Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, as well as different methylotrophs affiliated with Methylophilaceae, and Beijerinckiaceae (Methylorosula), were detected in disturbed sites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change)
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23 pages, 4841 KiB  
Article
Fire Impact on the Formation and Development of the Boreal Pine Wooded Mires
by Nadezhda Goncharova, Yuri A. Dubrovskiy, Mikhail Miglovets, Ivan N. Kutyavin and Alexey Dymov
Diversity 2023, 15(2), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15020159 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1654
Abstract
Based on the analysis of the botanical composition of the organic-mineral soil layer and peat, dendrochronological and radiocarbon datings, we performed the reconstruction of the development of six pine wooded sphagnum bogs located in the boreal zone of Russia. Most of the bogs [...] Read more.
Based on the analysis of the botanical composition of the organic-mineral soil layer and peat, dendrochronological and radiocarbon datings, we performed the reconstruction of the development of six pine wooded sphagnum bogs located in the boreal zone of Russia. Most of the bogs under study followed the endogenesis patterns with the vegetation cover gradually changing, peat layer growing, substrate trophicity declining and shrub-sphagnous vegetation forming under modern conditions. Emerging pyrogenic layers and charcoals in the peat indicate that the study sites were constantly affected by fires, which periodically interrupted the endogenous development of the bogs, especially during the warmest Holocene periods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change)
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37 pages, 9453 KiB  
Article
After Wildfires and Rewetting: Results of 15+ Years’ Monitoring of Vegetation and Environmental Factors in Cutover Peatland
by Anna Vozbrannaya, Vladimir Antipin and Andrey Sirin
Diversity 2023, 15(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15010003 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2257
Abstract
On examples of n × 100 m2 permanent plots laid in 2005 on peatlands disturbed by quarrying and milling peat extraction in Meshchera National Park (central European Russia), changes in vegetation cover and environmental factors during self-revegetation, the impact of wildfire, and [...] Read more.
On examples of n × 100 m2 permanent plots laid in 2005 on peatlands disturbed by quarrying and milling peat extraction in Meshchera National Park (central European Russia), changes in vegetation cover and environmental factors during self-revegetation, the impact of wildfire, and rewetting are considered. Peat extraction pits are overgrown with floating mats, on which mire, predominantly mesotrophic, vegetation is formed. Cofferdams with retained original mire vegetation contribute to the formation of a spatially diverse mire landscape, but they can also be prone to natural fires. The environmental conditions at the abandoned milled peat extraction sites do not favour natural overgrowth. The driest areas can remain with bare peat perennially. Such peatlands are the most frequent targets of wildfires, which have a severely negative impact and interrupt revegetation processes. Alien plant species emerge and disappear over time. To prevent wildfires and create conditions favourable for the restoration of mire vegetation, rewetting is required. With an average ground water level (GWL) during the growing season of −5 to +15 cm, mire vegetation can actively re-establish. Communities with near-aquatic and aquatic plants can form on flooded areas with GWL of +30. This generally contributes to both fire prevention and wetland diversity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change)
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9 pages, 760 KiB  
Communication
13C-Labeled Artificial Root Exudates Are Immediately Respired in a Peat Mesocosm Study
by Raphael Müller, Andreas Maier, Erich Inselsbacher, Robert Peticzka, Gang Wang and Stephan Glatzel
Diversity 2022, 14(9), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14090735 - 7 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2243
Abstract
Globally, peatlands have been recognized as important carbon sinks while only covering approximately 3% of the earth’s land surface. Root exudates are known key drivers of C cycling in soils and rhizosphere priming effects have been studied extensively in terrestrial ecosystems. Their role [...] Read more.
Globally, peatlands have been recognized as important carbon sinks while only covering approximately 3% of the earth’s land surface. Root exudates are known key drivers of C cycling in soils and rhizosphere priming effects have been studied extensively in terrestrial ecosystems. Their role for decomposition of peat still remains unclear, as little research about their fate and potential priming effects in peat exists. In this study, we aimed to evaluate pathways of root exudates and their short-term priming effects by daily determination of stable carbon isotope fluxes of CO2 and CH4. As the drainage of peatlands strongly alters processes of decomposition, we included measurements after drainage as well. Results revealed the immediate respiration of root exudates in peat, mainly as CO2, while CH4 release was associated with a lag time of several days. However, the largest proportion of added root exudates remained in the solid and liquid phase of peat. In conclusion, our findings suggest that no priming occurred as added substrates remained immobile in peat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peatland Ecosystems under Climate Change)
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