European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

2024

Jump to: 2023, 2022, 2021

14 pages, 919 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Profiles of Career Indecision: A Person-Centered Approach with Italian Late Adolescents

by Anna Parola and Jenny Marcionetti

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14(5), 1437-1450; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050095 - 15 May 2024

Viewed by 998

Abstract

Choosing career paths in today’s contemporary labor market complexity is becoming more and more challenging for adolescents and young people. Career indecision could take over, and assessing its facets could guide career interventions to support the career decision-making process. To create increasingly tailored [...] Read more.

Choosing career paths in today’s contemporary labor market complexity is becoming more and more challenging for adolescents and young people. Career indecision could take over, and assessing its facets could guide career interventions to support the career decision-making process. To create increasingly tailored career guidance interventions, using a person-centered approach, this study aimed to understand whether profiles of late adolescents based on their career decision-making difficulties might be circumscribed. A total of 776 Italian late adolescents took part in this study. The assessment of career decision-making difficulties was conducted through the Career Decision-Making Questionnaire (CDDQ). To determine the optimal number of profiles, a Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) using the stepwise approach was used. Moreover, a multinomial logistic regression was conducted to study whether school grade and sex predicted profile membership. LPA revealed a four-profile model: “Lower Indecision” (Profile 1, 39%), “High Indecision” (Profile 2, 23%), “Very High Indecision” (Profile 3, 7%) and “Moderate Indecision” (Profile 4, 31%). Being enrolled in the last year of high school significantly predicted belonging to Profile 2 and Profile 3. Practical implications were discussed in light of these findings. Full article

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2023

Jump to: 2024, 2022, 2021

14 pages, 521 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Social Support and Its Impact on Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion

by Pablo Garmendia, Samuel Fernández-Salinero, Ana Isabel Holgueras González and Gabriela Topa

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(12), 2827-2840; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13120195 - 1 Dec 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2626

Abstract

Social support at work has demonstrated itself to be an important variable for predicting desirable outcomes and helping to buffer the effects of adverse events. The main objective of this research is to understand the impact of social support on job satisfaction on [...] Read more.

Social support at work has demonstrated itself to be an important variable for predicting desirable outcomes and helping to buffer the effects of adverse events. The main objective of this research is to understand the impact of social support on job satisfaction on the one hand and emotional exhaustion on the other. Furthermore, in order to gain a deeper understanding of intricate organizational relationships, the mediating effects of work recovery experiences are taken into consideration. The sample was composed of 496 workers (41.5% men and 58.5% women). The mean age was 42 years (SD = 9.82). A cross-sectional design was used. The results, both direct (r = 0.43; R2 = 0.19; p < 0.001) and indirect (B = 0.04; SE = 0.02; 95% C.I. = 0.01, 0.09), of the model relating social support to job satisfaction were statistically significant. On the other hand, in the model that links social support to emotional exhaustion, we observed statistically significant direct (r = 0.26; R2 = 0.07; p < 0.001) and indirect effects (B = −0.05; SE = 0.02; 95% C.I. = −0.10, −0.01). Only the relaxation factor was a significant mediator of these variables. Implications, limitations, and future research recommendations are discussed. Full article

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18 pages, 734 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antecedents and Mediators of Academic Satisfaction in Virtual Vocational Training

by José María Figueredo, María del Mar Molero-Jurado, María Francisca Vico-Sánchez, Salvador Hilario Alonso-Delgado, José Javier Rosales-Jiménez, María Concepción Torres-Rojas, Amparo Zorrilla-Lozano, María José Segura-Morillas and María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2498-2515; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110174 - 3 Nov 2023

Viewed by 1425

Abstract

At a time when distance vocational training is on the rise, it seems logical to investigate the variables that can affect the quality of such teaching. The usability of the virtual environment, as well as the behaviour and disposition of the teaching staff, [...] Read more.

At a time when distance vocational training is on the rise, it seems logical to investigate the variables that can affect the quality of such teaching. The usability of the virtual environment, as well as the behaviour and disposition of the teaching staff, emerge as key factors that influence burnout, engagement, and academic satisfaction. Using a cross-sectional sample of 208 distance vocational training students, the mediating role of burnout and academic engagement in the relationships established between the usability of the virtual environment, teacher support, and academic satisfaction was analysed. On the other hand, multiple regression analyses were carried out in order to investigate the relationships between the challenges and obstacles faced by distance vocational training students and their level of burnout or engagement. Our results confirm the mediating role of academic burnout and engagement in students’ academic satisfaction. Regression analyses suggest that the obstacles faced by distance vocational education and training (D-VET) students influence their level of academic burnout or engagement. Our findings are consistent with the current understanding of the role that certain variables play in the well-being of students and which, in turn, influence the quality of teaching. Full article

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16 pages, 1181 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, and Career Decision-Making Difficulties: Psychological Flourishing as a Mediator

by Anne Pignault, Merlin Rastoder and Claude Houssemand

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1553-1568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090113 - 23 Aug 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 10078

Abstract

Well-being associated with optimism, social support, and self-esteem is positively correlated with career decision. In this perspective, a rather recent concept of flourishing as an integrative notion incorporating these different resources, positive affect, and positive experience is particularly relevant to better understand the [...] Read more.

Well-being associated with optimism, social support, and self-esteem is positively correlated with career decision. In this perspective, a rather recent concept of flourishing as an integrative notion incorporating these different resources, positive affect, and positive experience is particularly relevant to better understand the relations and correlations between self-evaluation, well-being, and career decision-making difficulties. The present study then examines the relationship between these possible difficulties, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and flourishing. One hundred and seventy-two higher education students participated in the study and completed a four-part questionnaire with the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire, the Flourishing Scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. The results highlight the mediation of psychological flourishing between personality dimensions—self-esteem and self-efficacy—and career decision difficulties and the fact that those who are most flourishing in their lives will also have the least difficulty in making a career decision. As for the practical implications, guidance counselors for students and young adults need to identify resources and difficulties they have to cope with. This study emphasizes the importance of guiding students in three areas: self-esteem, the perceived quality of social relations, and the meaning attributed to one’s existence. Finally, the contribution of positive psychology to career development will be discussed. Full article

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14 pages, 1357 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Burnout of Greek Teachers: Measurement Invariance and Differences across Individual Characteristics

by Angelos Gkontelos, Julie Vaiopoulou and Dimitrios Stamovlasis

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 1029-1042; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060079 - 12 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1531

Abstract

Burnout (BT) is a vital determinant of work effectiveness and a well-studied psychological construct. The dominant theoretical perspectives have defined BT via the proposed dimensional structures and have provided the corresponding instruments for measuring them. The present endeavor adopts the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory [...] Read more.

Burnout (BT) is a vital determinant of work effectiveness and a well-studied psychological construct. The dominant theoretical perspectives have defined BT via the proposed dimensional structures and have provided the corresponding instruments for measuring them. The present endeavor adopts the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), as its purpose is to examine the psychometric properties of a short version for the Greek teachers and to find differences across their individual characteristics. The Greek short version of OLBI comprises two dimensions: Disengagement (four items) and Exhaustion (five items), with reliability measures utilizing Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega: Exhaustion (α = 0.810/ω = 0.823) and Disengagement (α = 0.742/ω = 0.756). Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the measurement model: χ² = 320.291, df = 26, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.970; TLI = 0.958; RMSEA = 0.068; 90% CI of RMSEA = [0.062; 0.075]; SRMR = 0.067; NFI = 0.967; GFI = 0.986]. The proposed model is extracted after two studies (N₁ = 134, N₂ = 2437). The novel aspect of this endeavor is the measurement invariance explored across selected demographic variables. The findings supporting the measurement invariance make an essential contribution to the field, and the implications for educational research are provided along with a concise presentation of theoretical issues. Full article

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11 pages, 335 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationships between Self-Efficacy, Job Instability, Decent Work, and Life Satisfaction in A Sample of Italian, Swiss, and Spanish Students

by Andrea Zammitti, Celia Moreno-Morilla, Soledad Romero-Rodríguez, Paola Magnano and Jenny Marcionetti

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(2), 306-316; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13020023 - 28 Jan 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4121

Abstract

Recent research has shown that self-efficacy has a positive relationship with life satisfaction and with the perception of access to decent work. On the other hand, a perception of instability regarding the profession is negatively correlated with these dimensions. Few authors have studied [...] Read more.

Recent research has shown that self-efficacy has a positive relationship with life satisfaction and with the perception of access to decent work. On the other hand, a perception of instability regarding the profession is negatively correlated with these dimensions. Few authors have studied these constructs within the same research. Therefore, the aim of the study was to fill this gap in the literature by testing a structural equation model in which the perception of access to decent work could mediate between perceived self-efficacy in one’s training and life satisfaction, and between perceived instability of the profession and life satisfaction. Data was collected through an online research survey. Five hundred and seventeen university students (104 males and 413 females) aged between 18 and 30 years (M = 22.50; ds = 2.61) from three different countries participated: 181 were Italian, 173 were Swiss, and 163 were Spanish. The results only partially confirmed our model. The idea of finding a decent work mediates the relationship between perceived job instability and life satisfaction, but not between self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Perceived self-efficacy together with the idea of finding a decent work have a direct effect on life satisfaction. In career development, counselors must take into account what the perception of job instability entails for students, which may be demotivating and not allow future workers to imagine a decent job. Full article

11 pages, 289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Colleagues’ Work Attitudes towards Employees with Disability

by Sara Santilli, Maria Cristina Ginevra and Laura Nota

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(1), 130-140; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13010009 - 10 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3870

Abstract

Background: The present study investigates the significance of work inclusion in people with a disability and then aims to examine colleagues’ attitudes. Considering Stone and Colella’s model, we analyzed the colleagues’ attitudes and variables related to the disability, such as type of disability [...] Read more.

Background: The present study investigates the significance of work inclusion in people with a disability and then aims to examine colleagues’ attitudes. Considering Stone and Colella’s model, we analyzed the colleagues’ attitudes and variables related to the disability, such as type of disability and type of presentation of colleagues with disability, and colleague’s characteristics, such as gender, educational level, and experience in work with people with disability. Method: We randomly assigned two hundred eighty-six employees to a standard condition (hypothetical colleagues with a disability presented by the impairments labels) or favorable condition (hypothetical colleagues with a disability presented by their past work experiences). Results: The type of disability and its presentation influence colleagues’ attitudes. Besides employees’ gender, educational level and experience in work with people with a disability influences the attitudes toward them. Conclusions: Implications for practice were discussed. Full article

2022

Jump to: 2024, 2023, 2021

27 pages, 1021 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Deficit-Oriented and Asset-Oriented Psychological Outcomes in the Workplace: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

by Maria Armaou, Evangelia Araviaki, Snigdha Dutta, Stathis Konstantinidis and Holly Blake

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(10), 1471-1497; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12100102 - 3 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3603

Abstract

Background: Digital psychological interventions can target deficit-oriented and asset-oriented psychological outcomes in the workplace. This review examined: (a) the effectiveness of digital interventions for psychological well-being at work, (b) associations with workplace outcomes, and (c) associations between interventions’ effectiveness and their theory-base. Methods: [...] Read more.

Background: Digital psychological interventions can target deficit-oriented and asset-oriented psychological outcomes in the workplace. This review examined: (a) the effectiveness of digital interventions for psychological well-being at work, (b) associations with workplace outcomes, and (c) associations between interventions’ effectiveness and their theory-base. Methods: six electronic databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-experimental studies. The methodological quality of studies that used randomisation was conducted with the “Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias” tool, while the “JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist” was used for non-randomised studies. Studies’ theory-base was evaluated using an adaptation of the “theory coding scheme” (TSC). Due to heterogeneity, narrative synthesis was performed. Results: 51 studies were included in a synthesis describing four clusters of digital interventions: (a) cognitive behavioural therapy, (b) stress-management interventions and workplace well-being promotion, (c) meditation training and mindfulness-based interventions, and (d) self-help interventions. Studies demonstrated a high risk of contamination effects and high attrition bias. Theory-informed interventions demonstrated greater effectiveness. Cognitive behavioural therapy demonstrated the most robust evidence for reducing depression symptoms among healthy employees. With the exception of the Headspace application, there was weak evidence for meditation training apps, while relaxation training was a key component of effective stress-management interventions. Full article

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15 pages, 405 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Courage as Mediator between Positive Resources and General/Domain-Specific Well-Being Indices

by Ernesto Lodi, Lucrezia Perrella, Rita Zarbo and Patrizia Patrizi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(8), 1067-1081; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12080076 - 13 Aug 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3547

Abstract

Background: the current post-pandemic situation has exacerbated the effects already present due to the recent socio-economic crises belonging to the first two decades of this century: perception of instability, fears, concern for the future, underemployment, undignified work. This situation has negatively impacted life [...] Read more.

Background: the current post-pandemic situation has exacerbated the effects already present due to the recent socio-economic crises belonging to the first two decades of this century: perception of instability, fears, concern for the future, underemployment, undignified work. This situation has negatively impacted life in general, career paths, and perceived quality of life, especially for new generations. Positive resources such as optimism and hope can have a positive effect in countering these effects which are impacting student academic satisfaction, life satisfaction, and flourishing. In the hypothesis, courage acts as a mediator for both domain-specific and general well-being, as perceived by college students. Methods: the research involved 410 Italian university students. Five rating scales were used: Visions About the Future, Courage Measure, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Flourishing Scale, and College Satisfaction Scale. Results: All research variables were significantly and positively correlated. The mediation model almost totally confirmed the hypotheses, as the relationship between optimism and academic satisfaction was totally mediated by courage. In other cases, optimism and hope had both a direct and an indirect effect, mediated by courage, on the life satisfaction, academic satisfaction, and flourishing of college students. Conclusions: the findings are discussed with recent theories and research on this topic, and suggestions are provided with practical implications for those involved in supporting the choice and construction of career paths. Full article

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11 pages, 476 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Work Engagement as a Moderating Factor between Positive Attitude toward Smart Working and Job and Life Satisfaction

by Andrea Zammitti, Angela Russo, Paola Magnano and Maria Guarnera

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(7), 781-791; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12070057 - 11 Jul 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3814

Abstract

Attitude toward smart working reflects feelings of favorableness towards this object; attitudes influence intentions, which in turn guide behaviors. Recent research confirms the positive influence that attitude toward smart working has on expected usage of it. Despite a direct influence, other factors could [...] Read more.

Attitude toward smart working reflects feelings of favorableness towards this object; attitudes influence intentions, which in turn guide behaviors. Recent research confirms the positive influence that attitude toward smart working has on expected usage of it. Despite a direct influence, other factors could interact in the context of opportunities for ICT usage for teleworkers; among these factors, work engagement stands out. In turn, work engagement influences the perception of job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Considering that literature suggests that among the antecedents of work engagement are attitudes, the present study analyzes the role of positive attitude towards smart working on work engagement, and consequently on job satisfaction and on life satisfaction, hypothesizing that work engagement could mediate between positive attitude towards smart working and job and life satisfaction. The participants were 342 workers (115 males and 227 females) in private and public organizations, aged 24 to 66 years. The results showed that a positive attitude towards smart working, along with work engagement as a mediator, positively influences job satisfaction and life satisfaction. This means that employers and human resources managers (HRM) can organize training sessions to enhance the positive attitude toward smart working and this can help workers feel more engaged and satisfied. Full article

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14 pages, 987 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Subjective Risk Intelligence and Courage with Working Performance: The Potential Mediating Effect of Workplace Social Courage

by Paola Magnano, Giuseppe Santisi, Andrea Zammitti, Rita Zarbo, Vittorio Edoardo Scuderi, Giusy Danila Valenti and Palmira Faraci

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(4), 431-444; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12040031 - 7 Apr 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5023

Abstract

Background: There is a growing attention toward the construct of courage from a psychological point of view; recently, courage has been related with numerous positive individual behaviors and outcomes, such as coping strategies and subjective wellbeing, and an increasing number of studies explore [...] Read more.

Background: There is a growing attention toward the construct of courage from a psychological point of view; recently, courage has been related with numerous positive individual behaviors and outcomes, such as coping strategies and subjective wellbeing, and an increasing number of studies explore the role of courage in the working and organizational environments. The present study is aimed to analyze the effect that individual courage—together with risk intelligence—and workplace social courage have on working performance; Methods: The participants are 961 Italian workers, balanced by gender; the measures used are: Courage, Subjective Risk Intelligence Scale, Workplace Social Courage Scale, and Performance Scale. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Models; Results: The results show the effect of subjective risk intelligence and courage on working performance, both directly and through the mediation of workplace social courage; Conclusions: Suggestions for further research and practical implications are discussed. Full article

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14 pages, 531 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Basic Cycles of Vocational Training: Student Satisfaction and Perceived Benefit

by María José Martínez-Carmona, Carmen Gil del Pino and José Luis Álvarez-Castillo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(4), 417-430; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12040030 - 1 Apr 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2719

Abstract

This study aims to better understand students who attend Basic Vocational Training Cycles (Basic Professional Training, BTP) by implementing measures that ensure diversity. This quantitative research project approximated students’ perception of their passage through previous studies and their satisfaction and goals after finishing [...] Read more.

This study aims to better understand students who attend Basic Vocational Training Cycles (Basic Professional Training, BTP) by implementing measures that ensure diversity. This quantitative research project approximated students’ perception of their passage through previous studies and their satisfaction and goals after finishing the school year. The sample consisted of 352 students from Cordoba (Spain). A questionnaire was used that follows the CIPP model. After exploratory factor analysis was completed with different groups of items and their descriptive analyses, various tests were carried out to consider the hypotheses (Pearson’s correlation (r), one-factor analysis of variance, and repeated ANOVA measures). The results indicate that the educational interest of the students is academic and professional. Likewise, there is no relationship detected between socio-professional goals and average academic levels and attributions with respect to repetitions of previous courses, although these goals vary depending on students’ satisfaction with the vocational cycles. We conclude that the course of the FPB influences decisions regarding academic–professional projects. Full article

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18 pages, 627 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Attitudes towards Future Unemployment and European Cooperation to Reduce Unemployment among 8th Graders in EU/European Countries

by Aleš Trunk, Eva Klemenčič Mirazchiyski and Plamen Vladkov Mirazchiyski

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2022, 12(2), 218-235; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe12020017 - 17 Feb 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2712

Abstract

The focus of this article is on the attitudes among 8th graders in European countries on future unemployment and attitudes towards cooperation among European countries to guarantee high levels of employment and strengthen their economies. This article uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. [...] Read more.

The focus of this article is on the attitudes among 8th graders in European countries on future unemployment and attitudes towards cooperation among European countries to guarantee high levels of employment and strengthen their economies. This article uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. For the qualitative approach, a systematic literature review was performed using four databases, starting from 16,873 search results for the 2016–2021 period before systematically limiting them to identify possible predictors used in quantitative analyses. The quantitative part uses secondary analyses of data obtained from 52,788 upper secondary students from 14 EU and one EU associated country from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016, which is the last available cycle with publicly available data since 2018. The techniques used to analyse the data are descriptive statistics, linear and binary logistic regression, Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficients, and Principal Component Analysis. This article also considers the theoretical base of the sustainable development definition—it explores youths’ present perceptions of the future in the economic and financial domains. Full article

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2021

Jump to: 2024, 2023, 2022

21 pages, 725 KiB

Open AccessReview

Smart Working and Well-Being before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review

by Leda Marino and Vincenza Capone

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(4), 1516-1536; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11040108 - 26 Nov 2021

Cited by 38 | Viewed by 9986

Abstract

The purpose of this scoping review focused on the relationship between smart working, a conception of job centered on the flexibility and autonomy of the worker, and well-being/illness in an organizational context before and during COVID-19. The literature review, conducted using the PRISMA [...] Read more.

The purpose of this scoping review focused on the relationship between smart working, a conception of job centered on the flexibility and autonomy of the worker, and well-being/illness in an organizational context before and during COVID-19. The literature review, conducted using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis for qualitative synthesis) method for qualitative synthesis, considered studies published from 2014 to 2020. From the analyses conducted by three independent coders, three main areas of interest in the literature emerged: (1) smart working and work engagement, (2) smart working and technostress, and (3) mediators of the relationship between smart working and well-being. The review highlights the need for an organizational culture increasingly oriented towards agile working practices in conjunction with organizational support and training. Full article

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24 pages, 2023 KiB

Open AccessArticle

School Health Promotion at the Time of COVID-19: An Exploratory Investigation with School Leaders and Teachers

by Francesca Brivio, Laura Fagnani, Simona Pezzoli, Ilenia Fontana, Luca Biffi, Alessandro Domenico Mazzaferro, Veronica Velasco and Andrea Greco

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(4), 1181-1204; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11040087 - 2 Oct 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3776

Abstract

The Coronavirus pandemic has impacted the entire school population’s emotions and the disruption of the organization of the school world. In this context it is important to reflect on the role of health promotion at school. The present study aimed at exploring school [...] Read more.

The Coronavirus pandemic has impacted the entire school population’s emotions and the disruption of the organization of the school world. In this context it is important to reflect on the role of health promotion at school. The present study aimed at exploring school leaders’ and teachers’ perspectives and experiences about COVID-19 pandemic and its effects in the school and education system. The first objective was to gather the experience of school leaders regarding the change in school organization, with particular attention to organizational and health promotion aspects. The second was to investigate the perception of health promotion and self-efficacy of teachers in primary, middle and high schools. The research was conducted using qualitative (focus groups for the school leaders) and quantitative methods (questionnaires for the teachers). The findings showed new ways of improving wellbeing at school and implementing health promotion through the sharing of good practice between school leaders. The need for time and space to reflect among school leaders on the educational and didactic aspects of school organization also emerged. Teachers showed a low to medium level of self-efficacy regarding the adoption of strategies in line with health promotion; specificities for each grade and level will be discussed. Full article

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13 pages, 504 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Workplace Incivility and Job Satisfaction: Mediation of Subjective Well-Being and Moderation of Forgiveness Climate in Health Care Sector

by Muhammad Safdar Khan, Natasha Saman Elahi and Ghulam Abid

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(4), 1107-1119; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11040082 - 22 Sep 2021

Cited by 26 | Viewed by 6263

Abstract

Our study investigates the role of subjective well-being and forgiveness climate between workplace incivility and job satisfaction. Drawing on conservation of resource theory, we proposed a model in which workplace incivility is associated with job satisfaction through subjective wellbeing, and forgiveness climate moderates [...] Read more.

Our study investigates the role of subjective well-being and forgiveness climate between workplace incivility and job satisfaction. Drawing on conservation of resource theory, we proposed a model in which workplace incivility is associated with job satisfaction through subjective wellbeing, and forgiveness climate moderates this association. Data was collected through a survey method from 672 nurses and doctors in the health care sector at two different times. Respondents completed workplace incivility and subjective well-being scale at Time 1, and a forgiveness climate and job satisfaction scale at time 2. Findings through PROCESS Macros (Model 5) show that workplace incivility has a negative influence on job satisfaction and subjective well-being. Subjective well-being plays a mediating role in the negative effect of workplace incivility on job satisfaction. Moreover, forgiveness climate moderates the relationship between workplace incivility and job satisfaction. The implications for practice and research are discussed. Full article

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15 pages, 320 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Italian Version of the Job Satisfaction Scale

by Silvia Platania, Pasquale Caponnetto, Martina Morando, Marilena Maglia, Roberta Auditore and Giuseppe Santisi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 1073-1087; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030080 - 16 Sep 2021

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4473

Abstract

The JSS is based on the theoretical position that job satisfaction represented an affective or attitudinal reaction to a job, and today is one of the most popular instruments used in I-O psychology. This paper discusses the contribution to the validation of an [...] Read more.

The JSS is based on the theoretical position that job satisfaction represented an affective or attitudinal reaction to a job, and today is one of the most popular instruments used in I-O psychology. This paper discusses the contribution to the validation of an Italian adaptation of the Job Satisfaction Survey. Five hundred and twenty-seven participants (258 men, 269 women) were enrolled to participate in this study, aged between 19 and 65 (M_age = 36.0, SD = 11.7). The sample mostly worked in public administration, in health care, and in the educational sector. A self-report questionnaire is used to investigate the psychometric properties of this scale, also measuring other variables. A back-translation procedure is used. The results pinpointed the goodness of the scale and the normality distribution. Confirmative factor analyses and multigroup confirmative factor analyses were performed to verify the factorial structure of the scale. The results confirmed the same factorial structure of the original version, suggesting a nine higher-order factor structure. The results from the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that this factor solution was invariant across gender (men vs. women) and found evidence for metric invariance, uniqueness invariance, and scalar and structural invariance. The findings confirmed the applicability in the Italian context. Full article

13 pages, 1967 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Working Adults in the Czech Republic: Analysis of Self-Report Psychological Data in a One Year Perspective

by Dalibor Kučera, Iva Stuchlíková and Tomáš Mrhálek

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 1061-1072; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030079 - 13 Sep 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3304

Abstract

The article presents research evidence on psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economically active Czech population aged 18–64 (n = 1603; 365 men and 1238 women) within a one year perspective. The aim is to describe the differences in the [...] Read more.

The article presents research evidence on psychological impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economically active Czech population aged 18–64 (n = 1603; 365 men and 1238 women) within a one year perspective. The aim is to describe the differences in the reported mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, and distress) for women and men in the four age groups, two groups with different working statuses (continuation of work/interrupted working status), and between two phases of the epidemic (March to May 2020 and September 2020 to February 2021). The results point to elevated scores of negative mental health indicators (anxiety, depression, and distress) in different subgroups. More negative experiences in a pandemic situation were found, especially in groups of women, people under the age of 35, and among people with interrupted working status. The results also indicate a deterioration of symptoms over time during the epidemic. Full article

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14 pages, 644 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Risk Intelligence as a Resource in Career Transition: The Role of College Satisfaction on the Visions about Future Jobs

by Ernesto Lodi, Andrea Zammitti and Paola Magnano

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 1030-1043; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030077 - 7 Sep 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3718

Abstract

(1) Background: University transition is a critical step in career construction due to the uncertainty and unpredictability of socioeconomic conditions; these conditions compel people to manage a greater quantity of perceived risks associated with their career projects than in the past, and to [...] Read more.

(1) Background: University transition is a critical step in career construction due to the uncertainty and unpredictability of socioeconomic conditions; these conditions compel people to manage a greater quantity of perceived risks associated with their career projects than in the past, and to face unexpected situations that could compromise their quality of life in educational and work contexts. After all, experiencing well-being during the university path can undoubtedly affect the visions of one’s future work, especially when a transition period is nearby. The present study aimed to explore the role of subjective risk intelligence in expectations about future work, analyzing the potential mediational role of academic satisfaction in this relationship. (2) Methods: A longitudinal study was carried out on 352 Italian university students at the end of the degree course. We used the following measures: in T1, Subjective risk intelligence scale, College Satisfaction scale; in T2, three items assessing the expectations about future work. (3) Results: The main findings showed that subjective risk intelligence has both direct and indirect effects (through the mediation of college satisfaction) on the expectations about future work. (4) Conclusions: The ability to manage risks, also through the contribution of domain-specific satisfaction, can lead to positive expectations toward one’s future work. This could increase the likelihood to perform career-related behaviors in a more proactive way if people have high risk management skills and high levels of academic satisfaction with their university path during transition. Full article

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13 pages, 1422 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employee Engagement: Role of Self-Efficacy and Organizational Commitment

by Fouzia Ashfaq, Ghulam Abid and Sehrish Ilyas

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 962-974; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030071 - 25 Aug 2021

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 8403

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the roles of self-efficacy and organizational commitment in the sequential mediation of the relationship between ethical leadership and employee engagement. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires of employees from private and public sector organizations of [...] Read more.

The aim of this study was to examine the roles of self-efficacy and organizational commitment in the sequential mediation of the relationship between ethical leadership and employee engagement. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires of employees from private and public sector organizations of Pakistan. We opted for a three-wave time-lagged design, and we used the PROCESS macro by Hayes on a sample of 211 employees (35% male, 65% female) via the 2000 re-sample bias-corrected bootstrap method. The results show a significant relationship between ethical leadership and employee engagement with mediating effects of self-efficacy and organizational commitment. Self-efficacy and organizational commitment fully mediated the relationship. The results provide insight into the understanding of employee behavior, particularly in the presence of moral leadership. Drawing on the conservation of resource theory, we examined how ethical leader support enables employees to invest their resources into positive outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Full article

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14 pages, 302 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Predicting University Adjustment from Coping-Styles, Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, and Personality: Findings from a Survey in a Sample of Italian Students

by Giusy Danila Valenti and Palmira Faraci

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 894-907; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030066 - 17 Aug 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4808

Abstract

Starting university life requires that students learn to cope with several personal, academic, and social challenges. A wide array of variables affects how students adjust to university life. This study was aimed to investigate which factors among coping styles, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and personality [...] Read more.

Starting university life requires that students learn to cope with several personal, academic, and social challenges. A wide array of variables affects how students adjust to university life. This study was aimed to investigate which factors among coping styles, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and personality traits (i.e., diligence, relational availability, mental flexibility, activity, and emotional stability) best predicted the levels of university adjustment in a sample of university freshmen (N = 204, 63% women). Data were collected using self-report instruments. Multiple regressions analyses were conducted to identify the most significant predictors of adjustment to college. Our findings reported that self-efficacy, task-, and emotion-oriented coping were the most significant predictors, together with relational availability and mental flexibility. These findings might improve the growing knowledge concerning university adjustment, supporting main previous research. The observed relationships between university adjustment and the measured variables suggest intriguing considerations about the importance for schools and universities of providing interventions for students that aim to develop and strengthen the investigated personality facets, reducing withdrawal, behavioral and/or mental disengagement, and promoting academic achievement and success. Full article

12 pages, 289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Implementation of a Remote Work Program in an Italian Municipality before COVID-19: Suggestions to HR Officers for the Post-COVID-19 Era

by Salvatore Zappalà, Ferdinando Toscano and Gabriela Topa

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 866-877; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030064 - 15 Aug 2021

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5717

Abstract

This case study describes the implementation stages and some outcomes of a remote work program that was adopted in an Italian municipality before the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used a qualitative case study approach, proposing a semi-structured interview with 14 staff members (six [...] Read more.

This case study describes the implementation stages and some outcomes of a remote work program that was adopted in an Italian municipality before the COVID-19 pandemic. This research used a qualitative case study approach, proposing a semi-structured interview with 14 staff members (six remote-worker employees, their respective managers, and two intermediate-level managers) about the experience with the remote work program. In addition, two researchers attended two preparatory program meetings. The evidence shows that, even before the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work was mainly performed at home, for one or two days a week. Together with their manager, remote workers decided the tasks to perform remotely and the criteria to monitor remote work. Furthermore, employees appreciated the remote work program, perceiving themselves to be more productive in their work. Elements of this case study may be relevant for companies that aim to move from an emergency to a more planned remote work. Full article

11 pages, 497 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Between Academic Resilience and Burnout: The Moderating Role of Satisfaction on School Context Relationships

by Luciano Romano, Piermarco Consiglio, Giacomo Angelini and Caterina Fiorilli

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 770-780; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030055 - 19 Jul 2021

Cited by 33 | Viewed by 8084

Abstract

School burnout is considered an extreme form of maladjustment that can seriously undermine the academic path of students who are affected. Previous studies have focused on possible protective factors, highlighting the role of academic resilience, i.e., the ability to overcome chronic adversity in [...] Read more.

School burnout is considered an extreme form of maladjustment that can seriously undermine the academic path of students who are affected. Previous studies have focused on possible protective factors, highlighting the role of academic resilience, i.e., the ability to overcome chronic adversity in the school setting. Notwithstanding this, it is equally important to explore the role of the classroom environment and the satisfaction felt by the student toward relationships with teachers and classmates. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between academic resilience and burnout and to explore the moderating role of relationship satisfaction with teachers and classmates. A sample of 576 Italian students (Female = 53.1%), aged 14–18 (M = 15.73, SD = 1.56) were involved in the study. Correlations and moderated regressions analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The results show academic resilience and satisfaction as inversely related to school burnout. Furthermore, the satisfaction on the relationships with classmates moderated the relation between academic resilience and burnout. Findings were discussed by highlighting the importance of promoting both individual and contextual factors to prevent burnout risk. Full article

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10 pages, 268 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Adolescents and Distance Learning during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: What Impact on Students’ Well-Being and Learning Processes and What Future Prospects?

by Elena Commodari and Valentina Lucia La Rosa

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 726-735; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030052 - 9 Jul 2021

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5966

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to analyze the experiences related to distance learning in a large sample of students in upper secondary school during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and to explore the potentialities of distance learning for students’ well-being. [...] Read more.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the experiences related to distance learning in a large sample of students in upper secondary school during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and to explore the potentialities of distance learning for students’ well-being. Methods: Between 22 April and 1 May 2020, 1017 students completed an online survey about the characteristics of online didactic, the availability of devices for distance learning, and the psychological experiences related to e-learning. Results: All Italian schools have adopted distance learning, even if each teacher employs different approaches to e-learning. Students are aware of the importance of distance learning for the containment of the pandemic and of the need to continue with online teaching to avoid the resumption of the infections. However, distance learning is associated with a significant increase in student workload and a consequent psychological distress related to homework. Specifically, students are more distracted in studying, have difficulty organizing study and are concerned that their school career may be adversely affected by the lockdown. Furthermore, a significant percentage does not perceive adequate support from teachers. Conclusions: Future studies will have to explore the impact of distance learning even in the subsequent waves of contagion, taking into account the persistence of the stress from the pandemic. Full article

14 pages, 355 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

by Andrea Zammitti, Chiara Imbrogliera, Angela Russo, Rita Zarbo and Paola Magnano

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 697-710; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030050 - 8 Jul 2021

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5128

Abstract

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and [...] Read more.

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed. Full article

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19 pages, 906 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Authoritative and Laissez-Faire Leadership on Thriving at Work: The Moderating Role of Conscientiousness

by Zulfiqar Ahmed Iqbal, Ghulam Abid, Muhammad Arshad, Fouzia Ashfaq, Muhammad Ahsan Athar and Qandeel Hassan

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 667-685; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030048 - 5 Jul 2021

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 26972

Abstract

This study empirically investigates the less discussed catalytic effect of personality in the relationship of leadership style and employee thriving at work. The growth and sustainability of the organization is linked with the association of leadership style and employee thriving at the worplace. [...] Read more.

This study empirically investigates the less discussed catalytic effect of personality in the relationship of leadership style and employee thriving at work. The growth and sustainability of the organization is linked with the association of leadership style and employee thriving at the worplace. The objectives of this study are to explore the impact of authoritative and laissez-faire leadership styles and the moderating role of the personality trait of conscientiousness on thriving in the workplace. A sample of 312 participants was taken from a leading school system with its branches in Lahore and Islamabad, Pakistan. The participants either worked as managers, teachers in headquarters, or school campuses, respectively. The regression results of the study show that authoritative leadership and conscientiousness have a significantly positive impact on thriving at work. Furthermore, conscientiousness moderates the relationship between laissez-faire style of leadership and thriving at work relationship.. The findings of this study have theoretical implications for authoritative and laissez-faire leadership, employee conscientiousness, and managerial applications for the practitioners. Full article

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10 pages, 276 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Role of Psychological Capital in Human Service Professionals’ Work Experiences

by Ilaria Di Maggio, Maria Cristina Ginevra and Laura Nota

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(3), 639-648; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11030046 - 27 Jun 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2672

Abstract

The study was set up as a first exploration of the predictive role of human service professionals’ (i.e., teachers and healthcare professionals) psychological capital (PC) in their perception of work experiences and some core aspects of their own work, such as their efficacy [...] Read more.

The study was set up as a first exploration of the predictive role of human service professionals’ (i.e., teachers and healthcare professionals) psychological capital (PC) in their perception of work experiences and some core aspects of their own work, such as their efficacy to instill positive resources in their clients, the positive representation of their work and of the results that they can obtain, and positive beliefs about their career growth. Three hundred and eight Northern Italian human service professionals were involved, of which 163 were elementary school teachers of inclusive classrooms and 145 were healthcare professionals in day and residential centers. The regression analyses which were carried out—controlling for age, gender, years of work experience and the typology of the human service jobs—confirmed the predictive role of PC in the efficacy to instill positive resources in one’s clients, the positive representation of the work and of the results that can be obtained, and positive beliefs about career growth. These results have important implications for practice, and they emphasize that specific interventions aimed at promoting human service professionals’ PC may positively impact the effectiveness of their actions for the adaptation and psychosocial development of their clients. Full article

9 pages, 280 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Young Women Aspiring Fashion Models: The Mediating Role of Stress

by Sabrina Castellano, Agostino Rizzotto, Sergio Neri, Walter Currenti, Claudia Savia Guerrera, Concetta Pirrone, Marinella Coco and Donatella Di Corrado

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(2), 607-615; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020043 - 18 Jun 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 9383

Abstract

It is widely recognized that body dissatisfaction is an important public health concern. In the past, being a fashion model was almost synonymous with anorexia/bulimia, and even today, there are cases of eating disorders in young women whose ambition is to become a [...] Read more.

It is widely recognized that body dissatisfaction is an important public health concern. In the past, being a fashion model was almost synonymous with anorexia/bulimia, and even today, there are cases of eating disorders in young women whose ambition is to become a top model. Moreover, stress can play a substantial role within ill health via related behaviors such as smoking, substance abuse, and inappropriate eating. In our study, we examined 112 aspiring fashion models aged between 15 and 24 years (M = 19.5, SD = 2.08) from 32 different countries of the world during an international contest, and 100 students (control group), aged between 16 and 22 years (M = 18.6, SD = 1.39). The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether stress mediated the relationship between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. The study included the administration of stress and self-efficacy and the locus of control dimensions, body (image) dissatisfaction, and eating attitude disorder. Results indicated higher scores on body dissatisfaction, stress level, and eating attitudes disorder among the group of fashion models compared to the control. Mediational analyses showed that body dissatisfaction was partially mediated by stress level on eating disorders. Especially in the aspiring fashion models, there are often many possibilities that competitive stress causes candidates to exacerbate attempts to maintain their body weight below normal weight/height parameters. These results indicated that appropriate intervention for the management of stress level could possibly defend against the negative impact of body dissatisfaction on eating disorder symptoms. The presence of skilled health workers in the field of nutrition and psychology can be extremely important in the field of fashion to maintain an adequate quality of life. Full article

15 pages, 341 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The High School Competencies Scale (H-Comp Scale): A First Validation Study

by Diego Boerchi, Paola Magnano and Ernesto Lodi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(2), 570-584; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020041 - 17 Jun 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3248

Abstract

Researchers widely explored non-intellective study factors because they play a central role in academic performance and are potentially more modifiable than intellective ones. The scientific literature suggests that the non-intellective factors can be classified into three main areas: self-concept, which refers to self-esteem [...] Read more.

Researchers widely explored non-intellective study factors because they play a central role in academic performance and are potentially more modifiable than intellective ones. The scientific literature suggests that the non-intellective factors can be classified into three main areas: self-concept, which refers to self-esteem and efficacy, motivation and emotional reactions; the area of study, related to study dedication and operative skills; and the area of relationships, comprising those with family, fellow students and teachers. Basing on these findings, the C-Comp Scale has been developed and tested in the past, addressed to college students. This study aimed to adapt and test a new version of this questionnaire on high school students. Methods. A pilot study was conducted on 364 Italian high school students to adapt and test the new version of the questionnaire, called the H-Comp Scale. The following study, conducted on 792 Italian high school students, provided further evidence of its reliability, structural validity, and concurrent validity with general self-efficacy, academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and academic performance. Results. The H-Comp Scale showed to possess excellent reliability and structural and concurrent validity. The final version is composed of twelve subscales, aggregated in three areas, with just 48 items: Study (Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic Motivation, Time Management, Study Dedication), Self (Learning Assessment, General Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy, Reaction to Failures, Emotional Control), and Relationships (Family Relationships, Fellow Student Relationships, Teacher Relationships). Conclusions. The H-Comp Scale would be a useful and easy-to-use instrument to support school counselors, tutors, teachers, and researchers in exploring different types of non-intellective variables, to better project educational intervention aimed to improve high school students’ academic performance and satisfaction. Full article

17 pages, 588 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Self-Perceived Instructional Competence, Self-Efficacy and Burnout during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study of a Group of Italian School Teachers

by Monica Pellerone

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2021, 11(2), 496-512; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11020035 - 1 Jun 2021

Cited by 49 | Viewed by 7752

Abstract

Prolonged school closures, forced isolation, and mutations in social interactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic have posed challenges for actors in the educational context; teachers, in particular, have had to develop new instructional strategies to ensure that lessons could continue. The present research [...] Read more.

Prolonged school closures, forced isolation, and mutations in social interactions due to the COVID-19 pandemic have posed challenges for actors in the educational context; teachers, in particular, have had to develop new instructional strategies to ensure that lessons could continue. The present research measures in a group of 374 Italian teachers—curricular and specialist support teachers—the relationship between self-perceived instructional competence, self-efficacy, and burnout. The present research, conducted between April and December 2020, represents the second part of a larger study conducted from November 2018 to October 2019, which was replicated during COVID-19. Participants completed an anamnestic questionnaire, the Assessment Teaching Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory in both phases of research; an ad hoc questionnaire (to measure teaching practices) and the Teacher Sense of Self Efficacy Scale were added in the second phase. Data confirm that general level of burnout increased and personal accomplishment was reduced during the pandemic; elevated personal accomplishment appears to be a predictor of emotional, socio-relational, and didactic competences before and during the pandemic. Feelings of frustration and accomplishment represent some manifestations of distress caused by the pandemic condition; these dynamics favor the crystallization of roles and behaviors towards the perception of metacognitive teaching processes. Full article

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