Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Microwave and Wireless Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 16975

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: electromagnetic propagation; electromagnetic modeling; microwave remote sensing and electromagnetics; SAR signal processing and simulation; information retrieval from SAR data
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: microwave remote sensing and electromagnetics; SAR and GNSS-R signal processing and simulation; information retrieval from SAR and GNSS-R data; radio-wave propagation; electromagnetic scattering in natural and urban environments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent technological advances in our everyday life strongly rely on a massive and immersive use of electrical and electronic devices. To fully exploit the potential of such systems, it is crucial to analyze the propagation and scattering phenomena of electromagnetic (EM) waves at any frequency, ranging from static and quasi-static regimes to optical wavelengths and even beyond. As a matter of fact, an adequate understanding of the scattering mechanisms of EM waves is beneficial in contexts as diverse as digital communications, safety and security, and the global economy. In fact, Earth observation, next-gen communication networks, medicine, and industry are now heavily influenced by Maxwell equations.

The exact solution of Maxwell’s equations is viable in few canonical problems, which do not provide a satisfactory modeling of the scattering problem in most engineering and physical applications. Thanks to the increasing availability of computational resources, numerical full-wave techniques, such as the method of moments, the finite-difference time-domain method, and the finite element method, or efficient asymptotic methods based on ray-tracing and ray-launching techniques, are now successfully applied to evaluate the scattered field from electrically large structures. However, such methods can hardly support an adequate assessment of the parameters’ influence on the electromagnetic field level. This is of interest in inverse scattering problems and information retrieval procedures. In such cases, it is relevant to provide closed-form expressions directly relating the parameters of interest to the scattered field. Moreover, the current trend in exploring higher and higher frequencies—from millimeter to Terahertz and even beyond—such as in 5G, metamaterials, and optical communications, calls for a refined stochastic description of the scattering surfaces roughness.

This Special Issue is then aimed at providing insight and addressing recent breakthroughs in the wide field of scattering of EM waves as well as investigating innovative solutions and approaches to scattering problems in different scenarios. We invite both experimentalists and theorists to submit their high-quality manuscripts for publication in this Special Issue.

The topics of interests include but are not limited to:

  • Development of analytical, statistical, empirical scattering models
  • Measurements of scattered electromagnetic waves and radar cross-section
  • Algorithms for the evaluation of the EM scattering
  • Scattering models in remote sensing
  • Surface and volume scattering
  • Models, methods and tools for inverse scattering
  • Metamaterials, metasurfaces and plasmonics
  • RFID technologies
  • Radiowave and Terahertz propagation
  • Scattering in electronic circuits
  • Guided propagation
  • Scattering from humans and objects
  • Scattering in biomedical applications
  • Electromagnetic compatibility
  • Numerical methods for EM scattering

Dr. Gerardo Di Martino
Dr. Alessio Di Simone
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Modeling, simulation and measurements
  • Microwave remote sensing
  • Surface and volume scattering
  • Inverse scattering
  • Metamaterials
  • RFID
  • Radar
  • Polarimetry
  • Radiative transfer theory
  • Mm-wave and Terahertz
  • Rayleigh scattering
  • Electromagnetic compatibility
  • Computational electromagnetics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4951 KiB  
Article
EM Modelling of Monostatic RCS for Different Complex Targets in the Near-Field Range: Experimental Evaluation for Traffic Applications
by Pablo Sanchez-Olivares, Lorena Lozano, Álvaro Somolinos and Felipe Cátedra
Electronics 2020, 9(11), 1890; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9111890 - 11 Nov 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2667
Abstract
An evaluation of monostatic radar cross section (RCS) response in the near-field range was performed for several targets with different and complex topologies. The main objective was to provide and validate an efficient tool based on electromagnetic (EM) simulations to characterize a traffic [...] Read more.
An evaluation of monostatic radar cross section (RCS) response in the near-field range was performed for several targets with different and complex topologies. The main objective was to provide and validate an efficient tool based on electromagnetic (EM) simulations to characterize a traffic scenario. Thus, a novel method based on the combination of geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) and physical optics (PO) was used to estimate RCS, and the results were compared with the method of moments (MoM) methodology. The simulations were experimentally validated using a commercial vehicular frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar at 24 GHz. With this simple measurement system, RCS measurements can be made using an easier and cheaper process to obtain RCS response in the near-field range, which is the most usual situation for traffic applications. A reasonable agreement between the measurements and the EM simulations was observed, validating the proposed methodology in order to efficiently characterize the RCS of targets typically found in real traffic scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications)
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18 pages, 8725 KiB  
Article
Determination of the Effective Electromagnetic Parameters of Complex Building Materials for Numerical Analysis of Wireless Transmission Networks
by Agnieszka Choroszucho, Boguslaw Butrylo, Adam Steckiewicz and Jacek Maciej Stankiewicz
Electronics 2020, 9(10), 1569; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101569 - 25 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2429
Abstract
In this paper, we present the method for determination of effective electromagnetic parameters of complex building materials. By application of the proposed algorithm, it is possible to analyze electromagnetic field distribution for large-scale problems with heterogeneous materials. The two-dimensional numerical model of building [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present the method for determination of effective electromagnetic parameters of complex building materials. By application of the proposed algorithm, it is possible to analyze electromagnetic field distribution for large-scale problems with heterogeneous materials. The two-dimensional numerical model of building components (hollow brick) with periodic boundary conditions was solved using the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) and discussed. On this basis, the resultant transmission coefficient was found and then the equivalent relative permeability and electric conductivity of heterogeneous dielectric structures, in the developed homogenization algorithm, were identified. The homogenization of material properties was achieved by performing a multi-variant optimization scheme and finally, selecting optimal electric parameters. Despite the analysis of heterogeneous building materials, the presented algorithm is shown as a tool for the homogenization of complex structures when scattering of a high-frequency electromagnetic field is considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications)
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13 pages, 2449 KiB  
Article
Inverse Design of Artificial Materials Based Lens Antennas through the Scattering Matrix Method
by Roberta Palmeri and Tommaso Isernia
Electronics 2020, 9(4), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040559 - 27 Mar 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2912
Abstract
The design of spatially varying lens antennas based on artificial materials is of high interest for their wide range of applicability. In this paper, we propose a novel design procedure relying on an inverse formulation of the scattering matrix method (SMM). Differently from [...] Read more.
The design of spatially varying lens antennas based on artificial materials is of high interest for their wide range of applicability. In this paper, we propose a novel design procedure relying on an inverse formulation of the scattering matrix method (SMM). Differently from many adopted approaches, which resort to global optimizations or homogenization procedures, the inverse SMM (I-SMM) allows the synthesis of optimal parameters (geometrical and/or electromagnetic) for the inclusions realizing the overall device in a very effective manner. With reference to the 2D TM case, the proposed tool has been successfully assessed through the synthesis of different kinds of lenses radiating a pencil beam. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications)
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14 pages, 2631 KiB  
Article
Time-Domain Electromagnetic Scattering by Buried Dielectric Objects with the Cylindrical-Wave Approach for GPR Modelling
by Cristina Ponti, Massimo Santarsiero and Giuseppe Schettini
Electronics 2020, 9(3), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030421 - 1 Mar 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3538
Abstract
Electromagnetic modelling of ground penetrating radar applications to the survey of buried targets is a fundamental step in the interpretation of measured data from experimental campaigns. When pulsed source fields are employed, such a modelling is commonly performed through time-domain numerical techniques. The [...] Read more.
Electromagnetic modelling of ground penetrating radar applications to the survey of buried targets is a fundamental step in the interpretation of measured data from experimental campaigns. When pulsed source fields are employed, such a modelling is commonly performed through time-domain numerical techniques. The cylindrical wave approach is proposed here to solve the scattering of a pulsed field by circular cross-section cylinders buried in a semi-infinite medium. The field radiated field by a transmitting antenna is modelled using a line-current source. Theoretical solution is developed on a semi-analytical basis, through a spectral approach. Time and space spectra are employed to derive the scattered fields, and the final space–time dependence is found through an inverse Fourier Transform. The proposed approach allows an accurate modelling of a wide class of ground penetrating radar problems that are commonly simulated through two-dimensional layouts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications)
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15 pages, 4145 KiB  
Article
Triple Notches Bandstop Microstrip Filter Based on Archimedean Spiral Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure
by Xuemei Zheng and Tao Jiang
Electronics 2019, 8(9), 964; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8090964 - 30 Aug 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4247
Abstract
With the development of artificial electromagnetic structures, defective grounding structures (DGS), defective microstrip structures (DMS), and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) have been widely used in the design of microstrip filters. In this paper, a triple notches ultra wideband bandstop microstrip filter based on Archimedean [...] Read more.
With the development of artificial electromagnetic structures, defective grounding structures (DGS), defective microstrip structures (DMS), and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) have been widely used in the design of microstrip filters. In this paper, a triple notches ultra wideband bandstop microstrip filter based on Archimedean spiral electromagnetic bandgap structure (ASEBG) structure is proposed. Firstly, the equivalent circuit of ASEBG is analyzed, and L and C values are extracted by using Advanced Design System (ADS). Secondly, the correctness of the lumped parameter model is verified by comparing the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) simulation results with the measured results. Finally, the influence of ASEBG structure parameters on resonant performance is analyzed by HFSS simulation, and the filter parameters are further optimized. By coupling ASEBG structure to existing double notch microstrip filters, a triple notches ultra wideband bandstop microstrip filter is realized. This method can also be used in the design of other microstrip devices with stopband characteristics. The three bandgap center frequencies of the proposed triple notches ultra wideband bandstop microstrip filter are 3.5, 5.2, and 7.4 GHz, respectively. The corresponding maximum attenuation of the three stopbands is 33.6, 24.8, and 21.7 dB, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electromagnetic Scattering Theory and Its Applications)
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