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Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles
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Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 14467

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Roberto Capata

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Roma “Sapienza”, 00185 Roma, Italy
Interests: UMGT; hybrid vehicles and systems; machinery design; energy systems; ORC; heat exchangers; diagnostics; turbomachinery; volumetric machinery; biomedical machinery application
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pollution from transport systems is a global problem that can no longer be overlooked. The abatement actions of harmful substances in the air are on the agenda of every nation, and they are necessary today to safeguard our welfare and that of our planet. New technologies related to hybrid electric vehicles are making great strides in reducing emissions. In addition, the implementation of new technologies is also convenient from an economic point of view. In fact, fuel consumption can be reduced by implementing the use of hybrid vehicles. Different hybrid configurations have been studied, corresponding to different architectures developed by researchers and research and development groups worldwide. Regarding energy flows, different strategy logic or vehicle management units are adopted. Various configurations and vehicles are studied by simulating different driving cycles, both European approval and homologation and customer ones (typically municipal and university).

While intense research activities have been dedicated to this field, several issues require further research prior to achieving a full commercialization of hybrid vehicles. This Special Issue seeks to contribute to disseminating the most recent advancements in the field with respect to both modelling and experimental analysis. The focus is placed on research covering all aspects of hybrid vehicles, including packaging, components design and realization, energy management and strategy, energy storage, insertion into the transportation system, and final usage. This also includes the development of new electric devices (fuel cell, ultra-capacitors, DC motor/generator, etc.), and recharging systems and their management.

We look forward to considering your submissions.

Prof. Dr. Roberto Capata
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hybrid vehicle configuration
  • drive cycle analysis simulation and comparison
  • components packaging and configuration
  • electric motor/generator optimization and selection
  • batteries configuration and optimization
  • power sources combination
  • energy storage technique and application
  • power control and energy management
  • fuel consumption minimization and economy

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

41 pages, 11256 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Simulation of Extended-Range Electric Vehicle with Control Strategy to Assess Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission for the Expected Driving Range
by Paweł Krawczyk, Artur Kopczyński and Jakub Lasocki
Energies 2022, 15(12), 4187; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15124187 - 7 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4747
Abstract
Extended-Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) are intended to improve the range of battery electric vehicles and thus eliminate drivers’ concerns about running out of energy before reaching the desired destination. This paper gives an insight into EREV’s performance operating according to the proposed control [...] Read more.
Extended-Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) are intended to improve the range of battery electric vehicles and thus eliminate drivers’ concerns about running out of energy before reaching the desired destination. This paper gives an insight into EREV’s performance operating according to the proposed control strategy over various driving cycles, including the Worldwide Harmonized Light-duty Test Cycle Class 3b (WLTC 3b), Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75), and China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC-P). Simulation runs were performed in Matlab-Simulink® for different cases of drive range, electricity mix, and vehicle mass. The control strategy goal was to aim at a specified value of battery state of charge at the targeted range value. The obtained test results included: pure electric drive range, acceleration times, EREV range tests, control strategy range errors, Range Extender (REX) utilization metric and distribution of its engagement instances, fuel consumption, total equivalent CO2 emission, powertrain efficiency, and specific energy consumption. The control strategy operated on average with a range error of −1.04% and a range mean square error of 2.13%. Fuel consumption (in range extension mode) varied between 1.37 dm3/100 km (FTP-75) and 6.85 dm3/100 km (WLTC 3b Extra-High 3). CO2eq emission was 95.3–244.2 g/km for Poland, 31.0–160.5 g/km for EU-27, and 1.2–147.6 g/km for Sweden. This paper is a valuable source of information for scientists and engineers seeking to learn the advantages and shortcomings of EREV drives with a proposed control strategy, based on various sets of results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles)
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20 pages, 4537 KiB  
Article
High Performance Hybrid Vehicle Concept—Preliminary Study and Vehicle Packaging
by Leone Martellucci and Roberto Capata
Energies 2022, 15(11), 4025; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15114025 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2309
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop the design of a direct liquid cooling system for a battery pack of a high-performance plug-in hybrid vehicle. The cooling system of the battery pack is of an innovative type, with the direct cooling of [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was to develop the design of a direct liquid cooling system for a battery pack of a high-performance plug-in hybrid vehicle. The cooling system of the battery pack is of an innovative type, with the direct cooling of the power busbars and the poles of the lithium cells. In order to obtain preliminary information for the dimensioning and verification of the battery pack cooling system, a simulation model of the whole vehicle and its powertrain was developed. In this way, the current profiles to which the storage system will be subjected can be estimated and can be used to fine-tune the cooling system. The use of a simulation model of the entire vehicle was necessary because the vehicle is still at the design stage, and only experimental data on the specific consumption of the internal combustion engine and experimental characterization data of the lithium cells used, as well as data provided by the manufacturers of the electric motors and inverters, are currently available. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles)
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15 pages, 14149 KiB  
Article
High-Performance Electric/Hybrid Vehicle—Environmental, Economic and Technical Assessments of Electrical Accumulators for Sustainable Mobility
by Roberto Capata and Alfonso Calabria
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2134; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062134 - 15 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2890
Abstract
The present work aims to provide a technical, economic, and environmental analysis on the electric accumulators used for electric mobility (pure electric, hybrid, full hybrid and/or mild hybrid) to reduce the environmental, social and economic impacts generated by private vehicles. Initially, the scenarios [...] Read more.
The present work aims to provide a technical, economic, and environmental analysis on the electric accumulators used for electric mobility (pure electric, hybrid, full hybrid and/or mild hybrid) to reduce the environmental, social and economic impacts generated by private vehicles. Initially, the scenarios for the development of electric mobility and the regulatory context were assessed. Attention has been focused on the batteries used in electric vehicles and the technological aspects related to their charging operations. With regard to the economic aspects, the evolution of battery costs in relation to capacity and size has been highlighted in recent years. The advantages related to the containment of environmental impacts are highlighted considering the aspects related to the end of life of the batteries themselves. As retrofitting ICE vehicles by electric motor currently represents a potential transition solution to improve the shift towards the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, the retrofit methodology of some of the current B-segment vehicles was evaluated. In the present work, the authors wanted to demonstrate how the solution proposed here, the retrofitting of class B vehicles, can represent a medium-term way to implement the transition from MCI-based traction to electric. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles)
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22 pages, 883 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Electric Architectures for Specialized Agricultural Tractors
by Francesco Mocera, Valerio Martini and Aurelio Somà
Energies 2022, 15(5), 1944; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051944 - 7 Mar 2022
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3663
Abstract
In this work, a comparative numerical analysis between the performance of a conventional specialized orchard tractor and those of three different hybrid electric tractor configurations is presented. The aim was to compare several powertrain configurations in the same working scenarios derived from field [...] Read more.
In this work, a comparative numerical analysis between the performance of a conventional specialized orchard tractor and those of three different hybrid electric tractor configurations is presented. The aim was to compare several powertrain configurations in the same working scenarios derived from field measurements. Peak power capabilities and endurance were numerically tested with specific load scenarios involving both transportation mission profiles and field activities with external implements powered through the power take off of the tractor. The proposed hybrid architectures were configured with the same battery-based energy storage system to perform the comparison with the same energy storage capabilities. Two parallel, two series and one electro-hydraulic hybrid configuration were modeled and tested through simulations. The parallel ones excelled in peak power performance, whereas the series configurations had the highest fuel savings. The electro-hydraulic configuration was proposed as an alternative able to allow for a downsized engine but also for the introduction of the Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) functionality, which is always an interesting feature for such working machines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers in Hybrid Vehicles)
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