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Energies
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Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management
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Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "E: Electric Vehicles".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 18069

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Pablo García-Triviño

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Higher Technical School of Engineering of Algeciras, University of Cadiz, 11001 Algeciras, Spain
Interests: hydrogen and fuel cells; wind energy; photovoltaic solar energy; renewable energy; energy storage systems; hybrid electric systems; microgrids; smart grids; electric vehicles; power converters and energy management/control systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Carlos Andrés García-Vázquez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Group in Sustainable and Renewable Electrical Technologies (PAIDI‐TEP023), Department of Electrical Engineering, Higher Polytechnic School of Algeciras, University of Cadiz, Algeciras (Cádiz), Spain
Interests: hydrogen and fuel cells; renewable energy systems; energy storage; microgrids; power converters; electric vehicles.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite original research or review articles to a Special Issue of Energies on the topic of “Plug‐in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management”.

Currently, there is a high dependence on fossil fuels in the transport sector, which causes high CO2 and NOx emissions. The promotion of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and electric vehicles (EV) is a feasible solution to cope with this problem. PHEV are a generation of automobiles that can significantly reduce the consumption of fuel by taking advantage of cheaper renewable and non‐renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, such as batteries, supercapacitors, flywheels, etc.

Thus, PHEVs can contribute significantly to reducing overall greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, the technology associated has not yet been sufficiently developed. New energy management systems, new PHEV powertrain configurations and power converters, and technologies related to electric charging stations, and new solutions for integration and operation in smart grids are some examples of the improvements in this field.

This Special Issue is focused on recent advances and emerging technologies in Plug‐in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management and includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Novel powertrains and technology for PHEV
  • Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV)
  • New energy storage system for PHEV
  • New topologies of power converters for PHEV
  • New topologies of power converters for charging station
  • Electric charging stations
  • Hybrid charging station
  • EV charging scheduling
  • Modeling and control of PHEV and charging stations
  • Intelligent control and energy management systems for PHEV and charging stations
  • Operation of PHEVs in smart grids/smart homes: Vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G), vehicle‐to‐home

(V2H), grid‐to‐vehicle (G2V)

  • Integration of PHEVs in smart grids/smart homes and impacts on grid
  • State‐of‐the‐art reviews on PHEV and energy management systems

Prof. Dr. Pablo García-Triviño
Prof. Dr. Carlos Andrés García-Vázquez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles
  • Energy storage system
  • Fuel cell vehicles
  • Electric charging station
  • Power converter and control
  • Energy management system
  • V2G, V2H, G2V
  • Integration and impacts on grid

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 8116 KiB  
Article
Environmental Impact Assessment and Classification of 48 V Plug-in Hybrids with Real-Driving Use Case Simulations
by Tobias Frambach, Ralf Kleisch, Ralf Liedtke, Jochen Schwarzer and Egbert Figgemeier
Energies 2022, 15(7), 2403; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072403 - 24 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2148
Abstract
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are commonly operated with high-voltage (HV) components due to their higher power availability compared to 48 V-systems. On the contrary, HV-powertrain components are more expensive and require additional safety measures. Additionally, the HV system can only be repaired [...] Read more.
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are commonly operated with high-voltage (HV) components due to their higher power availability compared to 48 V-systems. On the contrary, HV-powertrain components are more expensive and require additional safety measures. Additionally, the HV system can only be repaired and maintained with special equipment and protective gear, which is not available in all workshops. PHEVs based on a 48 V-system level can offer a reasonable compromise between the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission-saving potential and cost-effectiveness in small- and medium-sized electrified vehicles. In our study, the lifecycle emissions of the proposed 48 V PHEV system were compared to a conventional vehicle, 48 V HEV, and HV PHEV for individual driving use cases. To ensure a holistic evaluation, the analysis was based on measured real-driving cycles including Global Position System (GPS) map-matched slope profiles for a parallel hybrid. Optimal PHEV battery capacities were derived for the individual driving use cases. The analysis was based on lifecycle emissions for 2020 and 2030 in Europe. The impact analysis revealed that 48 V PHEVs can significantly reduce GHG emissions compared to vehicles with no charging opportunity for all use cases. Furthermore, the findings were verified for two vehicle segments and two energy mix scenarios. The 48 V PHEVs can therefore complement existing powertrain portfolios and contribute to reaching future GHG emission targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management)
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21 pages, 3197 KiB  
Article
Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation of Road Vehicle Chassis Subsystems
by Liunan Yang, Massimiliano Gobbi, Gianpiero Mastinu, Giorgio Previati and Federico Ballo
Energies 2022, 15(6), 2172; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062172 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2200
Abstract
Two vehicle chassis design tasks were solved by decomposition-based multi-disciplinary optimisation (MDO) methods, namely collaborative optimisation (CO) and analytical target cascading (ATC). A passive suspension system was optimised by applying both CO and ATC. Multiple parameters of the spring and damper were selected [...] Read more.
Two vehicle chassis design tasks were solved by decomposition-based multi-disciplinary optimisation (MDO) methods, namely collaborative optimisation (CO) and analytical target cascading (ATC). A passive suspension system was optimised by applying both CO and ATC. Multiple parameters of the spring and damper were selected as design variables. The discomfort, road holding, and total mass of the spring–damper combination were the objective functions. An electric vehicle (EV) powertrain design problem was considered as the second test case. Energy consumption and gradeability were optimised by including the design of the electric motor and the battery pack layout. The standard single-level all-in-one (AiO) multi-objective optimisation method was compared with ATC and CO methods. AiO methods showed some limitations in terms of efficiency and accuracy. ATC proved to be the best choice for the design problems presented in this paper, since it provided solutions with good accuracy in a very efficient way. The proposed investigation on MDO methods can be useful for designers, to choose the proper optimisation approach, while solving complex vehicle design problems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management)
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Review

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27 pages, 191000 KiB  
Review
Commercialization of Electric Vehicles in Hong Kong
by Tiande Mo, Kin-tak Lau, Yu Li, Chi-kin Poon, Yinghong Wu, Paul K. Chu and Yang Luo
Energies 2022, 15(3), 942; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030942 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 12549
Abstract
Road vehicles are responsible for air pollution in Hong Kong, and electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles as the city is transitioning to clean energy. In this work, EV adoption in Hong Kong is investigated and analyzed, [...] Read more.
Road vehicles are responsible for air pollution in Hong Kong, and electric vehicles (EVs) are a promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles as the city is transitioning to clean energy. In this work, EV adoption in Hong Kong is investigated and analyzed, including the global EV markets, present EV status in Hong Kong, local challenges facing EV development, suggestions for EV promotion in Hong Kong, emerging technologies, and decommissioning of batteries and EVs. The challenges of EVs include insufficient charging infrastructures, inadequate management of public charging facilities, difficulties in EV repair and maintenance, “dead mileage” during charging, unacceptable long charging times, and limited commercial EV models. Strategies such as providing incentives and bonuses for commercial EVs, offering high-power quick-charging facilities, actively developing commercial EVs, installing more charging infrastructures for private EVs, building connections among stakeholders, encouraging the participation of the private sector to promote fee-based services, and supporting the development of innovative technologies should be implemented to promote EVs in Hong Kong. Emerging technologies for EVs such as wireless charging, smart power distribution, vehicle-to-grid and vehicle-to-home systems, connected vehicles, and self-driving are discussed. Eco-friendly decommissioning of EV batteries can be realized by recycling and second-life applications. This paper serves as a reference and guide for the sustainable and smart evolution of the transportation sector in Hong Kong and other global large cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Energy Management)
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