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Advances in Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Technologies (CCUS)—2nd Edition

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Dear Colleagues,

Carbon neutrality is a major measure implemented to effectively address global climate change. CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage) is a recognized technology utilized to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. CCUS technology realizes the resource utilization of the captured wasted CO₂ emissions and effectively stores them in geological bodies such as oil reservoirs, gas reservoirs and saltwater aquifers, through which both social and economic benefits can be obtained. However, at present, there are still many challenges in several key parts of CCUS, including low-cost carbon capture, long-distance pipeline transport, CO₂-EOR and long-term safe storage. There is an urgent need for research and development to deliver CCUS-related technologies.

For example, a low-cost chemical absorbent for low-concentration CO₂, related advanced storage equipment, the influence of impure gas on the supercritical phase properties of CO₂ in long-distance pipeline transport, a precise and detailed characterization of the dominant channel of CO₂ flooding, layer combination and well pattern reconstruction from water flooding to CO₂ flooding, multimedia composite sweep volume expansion of CO₂ flooding in heterogeneous reservoirs, the characterization and screening of a CO₂ geological storage site, monitoring and safety evaluation of long-term CO₂ storage, stratified gas injection and efficient lifting technologies in field practice, related anti-corrosive material, produced gas recycling, numerical simulation and laboratory experiment technologies of CO₂ flooding and storage, and an economic evaluation of the CCUS project, etc., are the key technologies in the CCUS field with significant future research values.

This Special Issue will focus on the application of core technologies in all aspects associated with CCUS, covering theoretical research, laboratory experiment, numerical modelling, economic evaluation and field practice in CO₂ capture, transport, utilization and storage. All papers related to CCUS technologies are welcome.

Topics include (but are not limited to) the following:

Low-cost and efficient capture of low-concentration CO₂;
Long-distance pipeline transport of supercritical CO₂;
Detailed reservoir characterization of low-permeability heterogeneous reservoirs;
Sweep volume expansion of CO₂ flooding in multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs;
Low-cost CO₂ injection and production technologies in field practice;
Monitoring and safety evaluation of long-term CO₂ storage;
Numerical simulation and laboratory experiment technologies of CO₂ flooding and storage;
Economic evaluation in the whole industrial chain of CCUS.

Dr. Weifeng Lv
Dr. Yongbin Wu
Prof. Dr. Xiaoqing Lu
Guest Editors

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16 pages, 5072 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Investigation of Enhanced Oil Recovery Mechanism of CO₂ Huff and Puff in Saturated Heavy Oil Reservoirs

by Xiaorong Shi, Qian Wang, Ke Zhao, Yongbin Wu, Hong Dong, Jipeng Zhang and Ye Yao

Energies 2024, 17(24), 6391; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246391 - 19 Dec 2024

Viewed by 440

Abstract

Due to the significance of carbon utilization and storage, CO₂ huff and puff is increasingly receiving attention. However, the mechanisms and effects of CO₂ huff and puff extraction in medium to deep saturated heavy oil reservoirs remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, by targeting the medium to deep saturated heavy oil reservoirs in the block Xia of the Xinjiang oil field, measurements of physical properties were conducted through PVT analysis and viscosity measurement to explore the dissolution and diffusion characteristics of CO₂-degassed and CO₂-saturated oil systems. Multiple sets of physical simulation of CO₂ huff and puff in medium to deep saturated heavy oil reservoirs were conducted using a one-dimensional core holder to evaluate the EOR mechanism of CO₂ huff and puff. The results demonstrate that the solubility of CO₂ in degassed crude oil is linearly correlated with pressure. Higher pressure effectively increases the solubility of CO₂, reaching 49.1 m³/m³ at a saturation pressure of 10.0 MPa, thus facilitating oil expansion and viscosity reduction. Meanwhile, crude oil saturated with CH₄ still retains the capacity to further dissolve additional CO₂, reaching 24.5 m³/m³ of incremental CO₂ solubilization at 10.0 MPa, and the hybrid effect of CO₂ and CH₄ reduces oil viscosity to 1161 mPa·s, which is slightly lower than the pure CO₂ dissolution case. Temperature increases suppress solubility but promote molecular diffusion, allowing CH₄ and CO₂ to maintain a certain solubility at high temperatures. In terms of dynamic dissolution and diffusion, the initial CO₂ dissolution rate is high, reaching 0.009 m³/(m³·min), the mid-term dissolution rate stabilizes at approximately 0.002 m³/(m³·min), and the dissolution capability significantly decreases later on. CO₂ exhibits high molecular diffusion capability in gas-saturated crude oil, with a diffusion coefficient of 8.62 × 10⁻⁷ m²/s. For CO₂ huff and puff, oil production is positively correlated with the CO₂ injection rate and the cycle injection volume; it initially increases with the extension of the soak time but eventually decreases. Therefore, the optimal injection speed, injection volume, and soak time should be determined in conjunction with reservoir characteristics. During the huff and puff process, the bottom hole pressure should be higher than the bubble point pressure of the crude oil to prevent gas escape. Moreover, as the huff and puff cycles increase, the content of saturates in the oil rises, while those of aromatic, resin, and asphaltene decrease, leading to a gradual deterioration of the huff and puff effect. This study provides a comprehensive reference method and conclusions for studying the fluid property changes and enhanced recovery mechanisms in medium to deep heavy oil reservoirs with CO₂ huff and puff. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage Technologies (CCUS)—2nd Edition)

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