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Fermentation
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Fermentation of Organic Waste for High-Value-Added Product Production
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Fermentation of Organic Waste for High-Value-Added Product Production

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Fermentation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2024 | Viewed by 2993

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hongbo Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, China
Interests: anaerobic fermentation technology and membrane bioreactors
Dr. Hongxiao Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
Interests: anaerobic digestion; volatile fatty acids; organic waste; electrochemistry; pre-treatment; dynamic membrane bioreactor; sulfate reduction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the rapid development of the global economy, organic waste is sharply increasing. However, traditional treatment technologies present many issues, such as the low added value of products. Therefore, the development of high value conversion technologies for organic waste is promising. The main purpose of this Special Issue is to report novel technologies and new principles of the high-added-value biotransformation of organic waste via fermentation, or to review the relevant technologies and principles. The scope of this special issue mainly includes anaerobic or aerobic fermentation of organic waste to produce high-value-added products, including volatile fatty acids, medium chain fatty acids, polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc.

Prof. Dr. Hongbo Liu
Dr. Hongxiao Guo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fermentation
  • organic waste
  • sewage sludge
  • food waste
  • algae
  • agricultural straw
  • brewery wastewater
  • food wastewater
  • slaughterhouse wastewater
  • volatile fatty acids
  • medium-chain fatty acids
  • polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 5711 KiB  
Article
Biomass Accumulation, Contaminant Removal, and Settling Performance of Chlorella sp. in Unsterilized and Diluted Anaerobic Digestion Effluent
by Canbo Wang, Qi Zhang, Zhiqiang Gu, Longfei Zhang, Rumeng Lu, Cuixia Liu and Yuhuan Liu
Fermentation 2024, 10(11), 577; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10110577 - 11 Nov 2024
Viewed by 917
Abstract
Microalgae demonstrate significant efficacy in wastewater treatment. Anaerobic digestion effluent (ADE) is regarded as an underutilized resource, abundant in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients; however, the presence of inhibitory factors restricts microalgal growth, thereby preventing its direct treatment via microalgae. The purpose [...] Read more.
Microalgae demonstrate significant efficacy in wastewater treatment. Anaerobic digestion effluent (ADE) is regarded as an underutilized resource, abundant in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other nutrients; however, the presence of inhibitory factors restricts microalgal growth, thereby preventing its direct treatment via microalgae. The purpose of this study was to dilute ADE using various dilution media and subsequently cultivate Chlorella sp. to identify optimal culture conditions that enhance microalgal biomass and water quality. The effects of various dilution conditions were assessed by evaluating the biomass, sedimentation properties, and nutrient removal efficiencies of microalgae. The results demonstrate that microalgal biomass increases as the dilution ratio increased. The microalgae biomass in the treatments diluted with simulated wastewater was significantly higher than that with deionized water, but their effluent quality failed to meet discharge standards. The treatment diluted with deionized water for 10 times exhibited abundant microbial biomass with strong antioxidant properties. The corresponding total phosphorus concentration in the effluent (6.96 mg/L) adhered to emission limits under the Livestock and Poultry Industry Pollutant Emission Standards (8 mg/L), while ammonia nitrogen concentration (90 mg/L) was near compliance (80 mg/L). The corresponding microbial biomass, with a sludge volume index (SVI30) of 72.72 mL/g, can be recovered economically and efficiently by simple precipitation. Its high protein (52.07%) and carbohydrate (27.05%) content, coupled with low ash (10.75%), makes it a promising candidate for animal feed and fermentation. This study will aid in understanding microalgal growth in unsterilized ADE and establish a theoretical foundation for cost-effective ADE purification and microalgal biomass production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fermentation of Organic Waste for High-Value-Added Product Production)
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31 pages, 11138 KiB  
Article
Technical and Economic Analyses for the Implementation of a Biohydrogen Production System Using Bioelectricity from Vinasse Biogas of the Sugarcane and Alcohol Industry
by Germán Darío Picón Lescano, Regina Franciélle Silva Paulino, José Marcelo de Assis Wendling Júnior, Celso Eduardo Tuna and José Luz Silveira
Fermentation 2024, 10(11), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10110564 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 561
Abstract
This paper studies the implementation of a system consisting of an electrolyzer connected to a bioelectricity generator set that operates using vinasse biogas. Data on total ethanol production across all regions of Brazil were collected, and two ethanol plants in São Paulo state [...] Read more.
This paper studies the implementation of a system consisting of an electrolyzer connected to a bioelectricity generator set that operates using vinasse biogas. Data on total ethanol production across all regions of Brazil were collected, and two ethanol plants in São Paulo state were selected for analysis (São Jose da Estiva and São Manoel). The feasibility of implementing this system at these facilities was evaluated using energy analysis for biohydrogen production. The process’s energy efficiency was assessed, allowing for the construction of a Sankey Diagram for both plants. Additionally, the costs of producing bioelectricity and biohydrogen via electrolysis using vinasse biogas from Brazil’s sugar/alcohol industry were determined, factoring in the payback period, equivalent utilization period, and annual interest rate. The study demonstrates the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of producing biohydrogen using vinasse biogas. The cost of producing bioelectricity at the two plants decreases significantly over the 25-year system implementation period, starting at around 0.09–0.08 USD/kWh in the first year and dropping to a minimum of 0.027–0.039 USD/kWh by the end of the period. The initial cost of producing biohydrogen ranges from 0.24 to 0.25 USD/kWh at São Jose da Estiva and from 0.30 to 0.32 USD/kWh at São Manoel in the first year. However, prices drop by nearly half in the second year, reaching 0.05 to 0.06 USD/kWh at São Jose da Estiva and 0.06 to 0.07 USD/kWh at São Manoel. The payback period for the biohydrogen and bioelectricity production system increases, with São Jose da Estiva generating income by 1st year for a 4% to 12% interest rate. For São Manoel, income is expected by the 1.5 year for a 4% to 12% interest rate. Both plants recover their investment within the first 2 years of operation. By the 10th year, São Jose da Estiva’s income is projected to be between 3,888,501.96 USD (4%) and 3,678,407.29 USD (12%), while São Manoel’s income is expected to range from 3,123,824.69 USD (4%) to 2,932,050.63 USD (12%), demonstrating that the system is viable for sugar and ethanol plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fermentation of Organic Waste for High-Value-Added Product Production)
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Review

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15 pages, 302 KiB  
Review
Ensiling of High-Moisture Plant By-Products: Fermentation Quality, Nutritional Values, and Animal Performance
by Bhutikini D. Nkosi, Ingrid M. M. Malebana, Sergio Á. Rios, Thobela T. Nkukwana and Robin Meeske
Fermentation 2024, 10(8), 426; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10080426 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1034
Abstract
Animal feeds under ruminant production are a challenge, and ruminants are mostly fed on fibrous plants including high-moisture plant by-products (HMPBs). These HMPBs are available during the food processing periods and cannot be fed entirely in their fresh form. These resources are conserved [...] Read more.
Animal feeds under ruminant production are a challenge, and ruminants are mostly fed on fibrous plants including high-moisture plant by-products (HMPBs). These HMPBs are available during the food processing periods and cannot be fed entirely in their fresh form. These resources are conserved in the form of silage for future feeding. Silage-making entails the anaerobic preservation of forages with the aid of additives that reduce the pH of the ensiled materials and preserve the forage. Most silage research work focuses mainly on the preservation of forages/plants, with less attention on HMPBs. This review focuses on the silage production from HMPBs (e.g., pulps/pomaces), challenges involved in the ensiling of these resources, use of additives (e.g., chemical additives), and growth performance of ruminants fed silage from these resources. This review will assist farmers from developing countries who rely on HMPBs as sources of animal feed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fermentation of Organic Waste for High-Value-Added Product Production)
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