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Fishes
Special Issues
Effects of Diet on Fish Metabolism and Immunity
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Effects of Diet on Fish Metabolism and Immunity

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Feeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 April 2025 | Viewed by 5365

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jorge Palma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Interests: fish nutrition; fish ecology; seahorses; Syngnathidae; conservation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effect of diet on the metabolic and immune processes in fish is mainly affected by a proper balance of macro- and micronutrients, including amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and trace elements, all essential for the development of the fish immune system at different life stages. Dietary deficiencies can negatively affect the fish metabolism and the immune system, and severe deficiencies will increase susceptibility to disease and death. As adequate nutrition is essential for the immune system cells to divide and synthesize effector molecules, diet uptake also indirectly regulates the immune system mediated through the endocrine system. Moreover, diet composition may modify the microorganism biome in the gastrointestinal tract and the integrity of intestinal epithelium equally, contributing to fish health and welfare. This Special Issue of Fishes aims to publish papers that deal with the abovementioned knowledge on the diet effects of fish metabolism and the metabolic pathways that influence the immune system in fish.

Dr. Jorge Palma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fish metabolism
  • dietary requirements
  • nutritional factors
  • dietary probiotics
  • immune functions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 566 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Live Prey Enrichment Media for Rearing Juvenile Short-Snouted Seahorse, Hippocampus hippocampus
by Jorge Palma, Ricardo Lima, José Pedro Andrade and Maria João Lança
Fishes 2023, 8(10), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8100494 - 3 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1489
Abstract
This study aimed to determine a nutritionally adequate feeding protocol for Hippocampus hippocampus juveniles. In the experimental trial, seahorses were fed copepods from 0–7 days post-parturition (DPP) and, from 8–28 DPP, four different dietary treatments: (copepods (control diet) (Cop); microalgae-enriched Artemia [...] Read more.
This study aimed to determine a nutritionally adequate feeding protocol for Hippocampus hippocampus juveniles. In the experimental trial, seahorses were fed copepods from 0–7 days post-parturition (DPP) and, from 8–28 DPP, four different dietary treatments: (copepods (control diet) (Cop); microalgae-enriched Artemia with a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio of 2:1 (ArtDHA/EPA); microalgae-enriched Artemia with a DHA/EPA ratio of 2:1 along with 5% copepods (ArtDHA/EPA5%); and with 10% copepods (ArtDHA/EPA10%)). At the end of the trial, juvenile seahorses fed Cop grew significantly more (p < 0.05) (5.1 mg d−1) than those on fish-fed diets ArtDHA/EPA5% or ArtDHA/EPA10% (3.09 and 3.07 mg d−1, respectively), or those on the fish-fed ArtDHA/EPA (1.83 mg d−1) diet, all of which performed poorly. Data suggest that feeding copepods during the first 7 DPP promotes maturation of the digestive tract of juvenile seahorses, and the addition of a limited amount of copepods to the diet improves H. hippocampus juvenile growth performance when compared with the use of Artemia as a single diet due to the improvement of the essential fatty acid profile in the diets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet on Fish Metabolism and Immunity)
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18 pages, 1241 KiB  
Article
Dietary Supplementation of a Mixture of Nucleotides, β-Glucan and Vitamins C and E Improved the Growth and Health Performance of Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
by Nalin Medagoda, Rutchanee Chotikachinda, Mirasha Hasanthi and Kyeong-Jun Lee
Fishes 2023, 8(6), 302; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8060302 - 5 Jun 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3170
Abstract
A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of a functional immunostimulant mixture (FIM; nucleotides, β-glucan and vitamins C and E) on growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, digestive enzyme activity, hematological parameters, intestinal morphology and inflammatory gene expressions [...] Read more.
A twelve-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of a functional immunostimulant mixture (FIM; nucleotides, β-glucan and vitamins C and E) on growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, digestive enzyme activity, hematological parameters, intestinal morphology and inflammatory gene expressions of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. A fish meal-based basal diet (control) was formulated, and three other diets were prepared by incorporating 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% FIM into the basal diet (HB0.5, HB1.0 and HB1.5, respectively). Five replicate groups of fish (26.3 ± 0.1 g) were fed one of the experimental diets. Inclusion of 1.5% FIM in the diet significantly enhanced growth and feed utilization. Significantly higher plasma hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein levels and lower plasma glucose level were observed in the HB1.5 group. Total immunoglobulin content, lysozyme, nitroblue tetrazolium, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities and immune-related gene expressions of toll-like receptor and perforin were significantly increased at the highest inclusion level. FIM supplementation significantly increased villus height and goblet cell counts. Anti-inflammatory gene expressions were significantly upregulated at a 1.5% level. Dietary supplementation of 1.5% of FIM could improve growth and feed utilization, immune, hematological and intestinal histomorphological parameters of olive flounder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet on Fish Metabolism and Immunity)
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