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Fishes
Special Issues
Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control
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Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control

A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Welfare, Health and Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2024) | Viewed by 9482

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ulisses De Pádua Pereira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Fish Bacteriology (LABBEP), Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
Interests: fish health; probiotics; genomics; bioinformatics; immune modulation; pathogen characterization; virulence; pathogeny
Dr. Mateus Matiuzzi Da Costa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina 56304-917, PE, Brazil
Interests: animal health; veterinary microbiology; genomics; bioinformatics
Prof. Dr. Vasco Azevedo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
Interests: animal health; veterinary microbiology; bacterial genetics; genomics; bioinformatics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal Fishes is preparing a Special Issue entitled "Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control". In recent decades, the field of fish farming has reported many emergent pathogens as new genotypic profiles or through emerging new pathogens, resulting in relevant losses of production. Therefore, the relation of the pathogen to its host (pathogenesis in one or more hosts to define host predilection), genetic/genomic characterization and, additionally, probiotics as an alternative control of the impact of disease should be further explored. This Special Issue aims to explore the boundaries of our scientific knowledge, focusing on increasing our knowledge about emergent fish pathogens and increasing applicable strategies related to the control (biocontrol and immune stimulation), prevention and immunoprophylaxis of fish emergent pathogens. We welcome the submission of original research articles and reviews on topics including (but not limited to) the following:

  • Emergent fish pathogens: the characterization of production losses due to outbreaks, genetic/antigenic profiles of pathogen and/or tissue lesions, and host adaptability;
  • Comparative genomics studies of emergent fish pathogens;
  • Probiotics as a control of emergent fish pathogens.

Prof. Dr. Ulisses De Pádua Pereira
Dr. Mateus Matiuzzi Da Costa
Prof. Dr. Vasco Azevedo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fish pathogens
  • emergent pathogen characterization
  • pathogenomics
  • fish probiotics
  • bioinformatics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

4 pages, 224 KiB  
Editorial
Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control
by Arthur Roberto da Costa, Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo and Ulisses de Padua Pereira
Fishes 2023, 8(12), 579; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8120579 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1952
Abstract
Over the last few decades, diseases have emerged as a major bottleneck in fish farming, especially with the emergence of several fish pathogens and increasing resistance to treatments [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control)

Research

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21 pages, 6586 KiB  
Article
Clinical and Histopathological Evolution of Acute Intraperitoneal Infection by Streptococcus agalactiae Serotypes Ib and III in Nile Tilapia
by Natália Amoroso Ferrari, Leonardo Mantovani Favero, Cesar Toshio Facimoto, Alais Maria Dall Agnol, Marcos Letaif Gaeta, Thalita Evani Silva de Oliveira, Daniela Dib Gonçalves, Nelson Maurício Lopera-Barrero, Ulisses de Pádua Pereira and Giovana Wingeter Di Santis
Fishes 2024, 9(7), 279; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9070279 - 13 Jul 2024
Viewed by 942
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a highly invasive bacterium that causes significant economic losses in tilapia aquaculture around the world. Furthermore, it is a pathogen for mammals, including humans, emphasizing its importance in One Health. The aim of this work was to evaluate the evolution [...] Read more.
Streptococcus agalactiae is a highly invasive bacterium that causes significant economic losses in tilapia aquaculture around the world. Furthermore, it is a pathogen for mammals, including humans, emphasizing its importance in One Health. The aim of this work was to evaluate the evolution of clinical and histopathological lesions caused by acute infection with two serotypes of S. agalactiae. For this, two strains isolated from natural outbreaks in Brazilian aquaculture farms (S13, serotype Ib; S73, serotype III) were used to challenge juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) intraperitoneally. Target organ samples were collected ten times, between 1 and 96 h post-infection, for microbiological and histopathological analyses. Anorexia was the first clinical sign and the first death occurred at 24 and 30 h in the fish infected with strains S13 and S73, respectively. Serotype Ib initially caused more pronounced lesions in the nervous system; however, serotype III lesions progressed more aggressively, reaching the same severity as those of serotype Ib. This trend was repeated in the mortality curve after 32 h. These results elucidated the important stages in the pathogenesis of S. agalactiae serotypes Ib and III in tilapia and suggest “tips and tricks” to improve the positive culture rate in the clinical diagnosis of infections in some tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control)
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11 pages, 3548 KiB  
Article
First Report of Vibrio vulnificus Outbreak in Farm-Raised Sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp.) from Brazil
by Peter C. Janampa-Sarmiento, Francisco Y. T. Reis, Renata C. Egger, Santiago B. de Pádua, Sóstenes A. C. Marcelino, João L. R. Cunha, Felipe Pierezan, Henrique C. P. Figueiredo and Guilherme C. Tavares
Fishes 2024, 9(2), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9020054 - 29 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2359
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic pathogen in humans and exhibits pathogenic behavior in several aquaculture fish species. To date, in Brazil, there are no reports of V. vulnificus outbreaks in farmed fish. However, in 2019, sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp.) in the grow-out phase [...] Read more.
Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic pathogen in humans and exhibits pathogenic behavior in several aquaculture fish species. To date, in Brazil, there are no reports of V. vulnificus outbreaks in farmed fish. However, in 2019, sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp.) in the grow-out phase with clinical signs and cumulative mortality of 40% was registered. We aimed to identify and characterize the etiological agents of this outbreak. Seven moribund fish were sampled for bacteriological studies, and isolates were obtained from the brain and kidneys. Bacterial identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) revealed V. vulnificus. One isolate, RP4, was used for identification via dnaJ and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility evaluation. Sorubim juveniles were experimentally challenged with RP4 isolate via intracelomic injection (IC, 107 colony-forming units [CFU] fish−1) and immersion bath (IB, 106 CFU mL−1 for 30 min). Identities to V. vulnificus of dnaJ and 16S rRNA genes by BLAST analysis were higher than 92% and 98%, respectively. Susceptibility to oxytetracycline, florfenicol, and other antimicrobial molecules was also observed. In the IC-challenged group, the mortality rate was 100% with V. vulnificus recovered from fish organs (brain, liver, spleen, and kidney). Additionally, splenic endothelium alterations were observed in the IC group. On the contrary, the control and IB groups did not develop any clinical signs, mortality, or bacterial recovery after 7 days of challenge. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of pathogenic V. vulnificus in farmed Pseudoplatystoma sp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control)
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Review

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18 pages, 1847 KiB  
Review
Supposed Virulence Factors of Flavobacterium psychrophilum: A Review
by Věra Vaibarová and Alois Čížek
Fishes 2024, 9(5), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9050163 - 30 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1834
Abstract
Flavobacterium psychrophilum is currently one of the most important pathogens in aquaculture worldwide, causing high losses to farmed salmonids particularly during early growth stages with significant economic impact. Despite previous attempts, no effective vaccine has been developed, and protection against introduction into farms [...] Read more.
Flavobacterium psychrophilum is currently one of the most important pathogens in aquaculture worldwide, causing high losses to farmed salmonids particularly during early growth stages with significant economic impact. Despite previous attempts, no effective vaccine has been developed, and protection against introduction into farms is difficult due to the ubiquitous occurrence of the pathogen. A better understanding of the mechanism of disease development is essential for targeted therapeutic and preventive measures in farms. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of diseases caused by F. psychrophilum has not been elucidated yet. Previously, several putative virulence factors have been identified. Some appear to be essential for disease development, while others are probably dispensable. The importance of some factors has not yet been explored. This review focuses on the supposed virulence factors of F. psychrophilum and the current knowledge about their importance in the pathogenesis of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control)
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Other

8 pages, 250 KiB  
Case Report
First Report of Lactococcus petauri in the Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) from Candia Lake (Northwestern Italy)
by Fabio Bondavalli, Silvia Colussi, Paolo Pastorino, Anna Zanoli, Tabata Bezzo Llufrio, José Francisco Fernández-Garayzábal, Pier Luigi Acutis and Marino Prearo
Fishes 2024, 9(4), 117; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040117 - 25 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1450
Abstract
Lactococcus petauri has emerged as a pathogen affecting farmed fish. In this case report, L. petauri was isolated from Lepomis gibbosus captured in Lake Candia, located in Piedmont, Northwestern Italy. Initially identified as L. garvieae using conventional methods like RAPID 32 ID STREP [...] Read more.
Lactococcus petauri has emerged as a pathogen affecting farmed fish. In this case report, L. petauri was isolated from Lepomis gibbosus captured in Lake Candia, located in Piedmont, Northwestern Italy. Initially identified as L. garvieae using conventional methods like RAPID 32 ID STREP and MALDI-TOF, molecular analysis based on sequencing of the 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) confirmed it as L. petauri. The study also assessed the isolated strain’s pathogenicity by examining hemolysin and capsule cluster genes, revealing only hemolysin 2 amplicon; notably, the fish exhibited no lesions or pathological alterations. The L. petauri strain from this study displayed resistance to several antibiotics, being sensitive only to ampicillin, amoxicillin, florfenicol, and G-penicillin. This research provides new insights into host range of L. petauri and raises awareness of potential public health implications, particularly concerning zoonotic potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Pathogens: Infection and Biological Control)
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