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The Role of Heat Shock Proteins: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 2129

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
The Vice Chancellery, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
Interests: cell stress and chaperones; heat shock proteins; cancer; malaria
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential for survival and play a critical role as molecular chaperones in maintaining cellular proteostasis through the integration of protein folding and degradation pathways. There have been extensive advances in our understanding of the mechanism by which co-chaperones regulate molecular chaperones. However, it is becoming generally accepted that HSPs have additional cellular functions beyond their role in proteostasis, and we are only just beginning to understand their biological function from a whole-of-organism perspective. HSPs are also linked to a range of different human disorders (e.g., cancer, diabetes, autoimmune disease, neurodegeneration, muscular dystrophies, and chronic heart failure) and infectious diseases (e.g., viral, microbial, and parasitic infections including malaria and trypanosomiasis), with changes in their expression and localization linked to disease pathology. While HSPs are highly conserved from bacteria to humans, structure–function studies are revealing subtle yet distinct differences across species and between normal and diseased cells. Hence, HSPs are now considered bona fide drug-targets in the fight against disease and infection. Contributions to this Special Issue will provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of HSPs, deepen our understanding of their biological role in health and disease, and reveal novel HSP-based therapeutic opportunities, especially innovative drug discovery insights.

Prof. Dr. Gregory Blatch
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • heat shock proteins
  • molecular chaperones
  • co-chaperones
  • protein folding
  • chronic diseases
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

15 pages, 8448 KiB  
Review
The J Domain Proteins of Plasmodium knowlesi, a Zoonotic Malaria Parasite of Humans
by Michael O. Daniyan, Harpreet Singh and Gregory L. Blatch
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12302; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212302 - 16 Nov 2024
Viewed by 551
Abstract
Plasmodium knowlesi is a zoonotic form of human malaria, the pathology of which is poorly understood. While the J domain protein (JDP) family has been extensively studied in Plasmodium falciparum, and shown to contribute to malaria pathology, there is currently very limited [...] Read more.
Plasmodium knowlesi is a zoonotic form of human malaria, the pathology of which is poorly understood. While the J domain protein (JDP) family has been extensively studied in Plasmodium falciparum, and shown to contribute to malaria pathology, there is currently very limited information on the P. knowlesi JDPs (PkJDPs). This review provides a critical analysis of the literature and publicly available data on PkJDPs. Interestingly, the P. knowlesi genome encodes at least 31 PkJDPs, with well over half belonging to the most diverse types which contain only the signature J domain (type IIIs, 19) or a corrupted version of the J domain (type IVs, 2) as evidence of their membership. The more typical PkJDPs containing other domains typical of JDPs in addition to the J domain are much fewer in number (type IIs, 8; type Is, 2). This study indentifies PkJDPs that are potentially involved in: folding of newly synthesized or misfolded proteins within the P. knowlesi cytosol (a canonical type I and certain typical type IIs); protein translocation (a type III) and folding (a type II) in the ER; and protein import into mitochondria (a type III). Interestingly, a type II PkJDP is potentially exported to the host cell cytosol where it may recruit human HSP70 for the trafficking and folding of other exported P. knowlesi proteins. Experimental studies are required on this fascinating family of proteins, not only to validate their role in the pathology of knowlesi malaria, but also because they represent potential anti-malarial drug targets. Full article
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14 pages, 645 KiB  
Review
The Protective Role of Heat Shock Proteins against Stresses in Animal Breeding
by Sirui Liu, Yinkun Liu, Endong Bao and Shu Tang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8208; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158208 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 887
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in all living organisms under stress conditions by acting as molecular chaperones. The expression of different HSPs during stress varies depending on their protective functions and anti-apoptotic activities. The application of HSPs improves the efficiency [...] Read more.
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in all living organisms under stress conditions by acting as molecular chaperones. The expression of different HSPs during stress varies depending on their protective functions and anti-apoptotic activities. The application of HSPs improves the efficiency and decreases the economic cost of animal breeding. By upregulating the expression of HSPs, feed supplements can improve stress tolerance in farm animals. In addition, high expression of HSPs is often a feature of tumor cells, and inhibiting the expression of HSPs is a promising novel method for killing these cells and treating cancers. In the present review, the findings of previous research on the application of HSPs in animal breeding and veterinary medicine are summarized, and the knowledge of the actions of HSPs in animals is briefly discussed. Full article
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