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Innovations in Molecular Treatment of Hematological Malignancies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 3648

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
2. SMEL Genetics-SSD Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics, Ospedale Macchi-ASST Settelaghi, Viale Borri 57, 21100 Varese, Italy
Interests: mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial disorders; myeloproliferative neoplasms; inherited thrombophilias; nonsyndromic hearing loss; pharmacogenetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hematologic malignancies represent a field of innovation in therapeutics, with the use of new drugs with new characteristics among anticancer agents. Personalized therapy of the individual patient starts from the concept of labeling the neoplasm according to its molecular profile. New therapies in hematology involve approaches based on various techniques, including the use of new targeted drugs, new immunotherapies (monoclonal antibodies), and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The latter approach involves autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation procedures, from an HLA-identical family donor, bank donor, or haploidentical donor. Innovative therapies also include CAR-Ts (Chimeric Antigens Receptor) and the use of drugs targeted against mutated enzymes/proteins (e.g., Ibrutinib). In this Special Issue, we encourage the submission of papers on new therapeutic approaches in hematological malignancies based on new cell lines, immunotherapy or new targeted drugs, and other innovative approaches.

Dr. Francesco Pallotti
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • hematologic malignancies
  • target drugs
  • new immunotherapies
  • hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
  • CAR-Ts

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

90 pages, 15048 KiB  
Review
Tumor Biology Hides Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Narrative Review
by Romana Masnikosa, Zorica Cvetković and David Pirić
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(21), 11384; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252111384 - 23 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1198
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignancy of immense biological and clinical heterogeneity. Based on the transcriptomic or genomic approach, several different classification schemes have evolved over the years to subdivide DLBCL into clinically (prognostically) relevant subsets, but each leaves unclassified samples. [...] Read more.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignancy of immense biological and clinical heterogeneity. Based on the transcriptomic or genomic approach, several different classification schemes have evolved over the years to subdivide DLBCL into clinically (prognostically) relevant subsets, but each leaves unclassified samples. Herein, we outline the DLBCL tumor biology behind the actual and potential drug targets and address the challenges and drawbacks coupled with their (potential) use. Therapeutic modalities are discussed, including small-molecule inhibitors, naked antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, chimeric antigen receptors, bispecific antibodies and T-cell engagers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Candidate drugs explored in ongoing clinical trials are coupled with diverse toxicity issues and refractoriness to drugs. According to the literature on DLBCL, the promise for new therapeutic targets lies in epigenetic alterations, B-cell receptor and NF-κB pathways. Herein, we present putative targets hiding in lipid pathways, ferroptosis, and the gut microbiome that could be used in addition to immuno-chemotherapy to improve the general health status of DLBCL patients, thus increasing the chance of being cured. It may be time to devote more effort to exploring DLBCL metabolism to discover novel druggable targets. We also performed a bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis of the literature on DLBCL published from 2014–2023. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Molecular Treatment of Hematological Malignancies)
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18 pages, 2853 KiB  
Review
The Interplay between the DNA Damage Response (DDR) Network and the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathway in Multiple Myeloma
by Panagiotis Malamos, Christina Papanikolaou, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Evangelos Terpos and Vassilis L. Souliotis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 6991; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136991 - 26 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1824
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) network and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway are crucial mechanisms for the survival of all living beings. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that there is crosstalk between these two systems, thus favoring the appropriate functioning [...] Read more.
The DNA damage response (DDR) network and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway are crucial mechanisms for the survival of all living beings. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that there is crosstalk between these two systems, thus favoring the appropriate functioning of multi-cellular organisms. On the other hand, aberrations within these mechanisms are thought to play a vital role in the onset and progression of several diseases, including cancer, as well as in the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding alterations in the DDR machinery and the MAPK signaling pathway as well as abnormalities in the DDR/MAPK functional crosstalk in multiple myeloma, the second most common hematologic malignancy. We also present the latest advances in the development of anti-myeloma drugs targeting crucial DDR- and MAPK-associated molecular components. These data could potentially be exploited to discover new therapeutic targets and effective biomarkers as well as for the design of novel clinical trials. Interestingly, they might provide a new approach to increase the efficacy of anti-myeloma therapy by combining drugs targeting the DDR network and the MAPK signaling pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Molecular Treatment of Hematological Malignancies)
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