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CNS Injuries: 2nd Edition

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Neurobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 1488

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI), Phoenix, AZ, USA
Interests: neuroinflammation; neurodegeneration; traumatic brain injury; stroke; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; stem cell biology; transplantation; molecular imaging; cancer biology; gene therapy; exosomes; microRNAs; viral vectors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

CNS injuries including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and spinal cord injury are among the most common causes of disability and death worldwide.

There is a clear and unmet clinical need to identify new drug targets, biomarkers, and therapeutics for CNS injuries. Understanding the injury and molecular mechanisms of injury, recovery, and neuroprotection is important to launch new effective therapies; however, despite ground-breaking developments in basic and fundamental research, there is a severe lack of effective therapeutics for the treatment of CNS injuries and prevention of long-term consequences.

In this Special Issue, we welcome the submission of research articles, short reports, case studies, and traditional reviews. The issue is a forum for scientific communications, evidence-based discussion, opinions, and perspectives on the latest advancements in the science of CNS injuries. We particularly encourage the submission of reports on molecular mechanisms, genetics, proteomics, metabolomics and biomarkers, studies of therapeutic interventions and re-purposing of drugs, CNS drug delivery, studies that address the use and limitations of current preclinical animal models, and recent advances concerning in vitro and organ-on-a-chip models. We will also consider submissions regarding early and late medical complications in CNS injuries (brain and spinal cord edema, impaired energy metabolism, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, infections, etc.)

This Special Issue will summarize what has already been achieved and the discoveries, approaches, and technical developments that can open up the doors to better care for CNS injuries.

Dr. Sudhanshu Raikwar
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • stroke
  • TBI
  • brain edema
  • SCI
  • spinal cord edema
  • neuroinflammation
  • neurodegeneration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

25 pages, 3942 KiB  
Review
Pathophysiology and Management Strategies for Post-Stroke Spasticity: An Update Review
by Bei Chen, Tong Yang, Zi Liao, Feiyue Sun, Zhigang Mei and Wenli Zhang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(1), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26010406 - 5 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
Post-stroke spasticity (PSS), characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone and exaggerated reflexes, affects a significant portion of stroke patients and presents a substantial obstacle to post-stroke rehabilitation. Effective management and treatment for PSS remains a significant clinical challenge in the interdisciplinary [...] Read more.
Post-stroke spasticity (PSS), characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone and exaggerated reflexes, affects a significant portion of stroke patients and presents a substantial obstacle to post-stroke rehabilitation. Effective management and treatment for PSS remains a significant clinical challenge in the interdisciplinary aspect depending on the understanding of its etiologies and pathophysiology. We systematically review the relevant literature and provide the main pathogenic hypotheses: alterations in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the descending pathway or the spinal circuit, which are secondary to cortical and subcortical ischemic or hemorrhagic injury, lead to disinhibition of the stretch reflex and increased muscle tone. Prolongation of motoneuron responses to synaptic excitation by persistent inward currents and secondary changes in muscle contribute to hypertonia. The guidelines for PSS treatment advocate for a variety of therapeutic approaches, yet they are hindered by constraints such as dose-dependent adverse effects, high cost, and limited therapeutic efficacy. Taken together, we highlight key processes of PSS pathophysiology and summarize many interventions, including neuroprotective agents, gene therapy, targeted therapy, physiotherapy, NexTGen therapy and complementary and alternative medicine. We aim to confer additional clinical benefits to patients and lay the foundation for the development of new potential therapies against PSS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CNS Injuries: 2nd Edition)
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