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Recent Molecular Trends and Prospects in Kidney Diseases
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Recent Molecular Trends and Prospects in Kidney Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 3780

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Federico Greco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Radiology, Cittadella della Salute, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Lecce, Piazza Filippo Bottazzi, 2, 73100 Lecce, Italy
2. Research Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
Interests: imaging; diagnostic imaging; computed tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; ultrasonography; renal cell carcinoma; clear cell renal cell carcinoma; body composition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Carlo A. Mallio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
Interests: imaging; radiology; radiogenomics; oncology; medical and biomedical image processing; artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in molecular research have illuminated novel insights into the pathogenesis of and potential treatments for kidney diseases. Molecular trends indicate a shift toward a deeper understanding of the genetic factors contributing to kidney disorders, such as the identification of genetic variants associated with kidney function and disease susceptibility. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been instrumental in pinpointing these genetic loci, paving the way for personalized medicine approaches.

Furthermore, research has elucidated the intricate molecular pathways involved in kidney injury and repair, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets. For instance, investigations into the role of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and fibrosis have provided valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Targeting these pathways holds promise for developing more effective treatments to halt or reverse kidney damage.

Additionally, advancements in molecular diagnostics, including the use of biomarkers and omics technologies, offer new tools for the early detection, prognosis and monitoring of kidney diseases. These approaches enable clinicians to tailor interventions to individual patients, improving outcomes and reducing the burden of kidney-related morbidity and mortality.

Overall, recent molecular trends in kidney disease research underscore the importance of a multifaceted approach, integrating genetics, molecular biology and clinical medicine to drive innovation in diagnosis and treatment strategies. While challenges remain, ongoing research efforts hold considerable promise for improving the management of kidney diseases in the future.

Dr. Federico Greco
Dr. Carlo A. Mallio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nephrology
  • molecular biology
  • renal disease
  • genomic research
  • kidney molecular pathways
  • biomarkers in renal disease
  • transcriptomics of renal dysfunction
  • omics approaches in kidney research
  • molecular diagnostics for renal diseases
  • pharmacogenomics in kidney treatment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 11303 KiB  
Article
CT Characterization of Lipid Metabolism in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Relationship Between Liver Hounsfield Unit Values and Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein Gene Expression
by Federico Greco, Andrea Panunzio, Laura Cerroni, Laura Cea, Caterina Bernetti, Alessandro Tafuri, Bruno Beomonte Zobel and Carlo Augusto Mallio
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312587 - 23 Nov 2024
Viewed by 765
Abstract
Radiogenomics is an emerging field that links imaging features with molecular characteristics of diseases. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), metabolic reprogramming leads to lipid accumulation, influenced by the adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP). This study aimed to investigate whether hepatic and tumoral [...] Read more.
Radiogenomics is an emerging field that links imaging features with molecular characteristics of diseases. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), metabolic reprogramming leads to lipid accumulation, influenced by the adipose differentiation-related protein (ADFP). This study aimed to investigate whether hepatic and tumoral Hounsfield Unit (HU) values could serve as noninvasive radiogenomic biomarkers for ADFP expression in ccRCC. We analyzed CT images of 185 ccRCC patients, comparing lipid-associated HU values in the liver and tumor across ADFP expression statuses. Patients with low-grade ccRCC expressing ADFP showed significantly lower minimum HU values in both liver and tumor tissue, indicating greater lipid accumulation. Additionally, ADFP expression correlated negatively with abdominal adipose tissue compartments and positively with minimum tumoral HU values, linking systemic lipid metabolism to tumor biology. These findings suggest that hepatic and tumoral HU measurements may serve as noninvasive markers of lipid accumulation related to ADFP, providing insight into metabolic alterations in ccRCC. While promising, these results require validation in larger, controlled studies due to sample size and variability limitations. This approach could enhance the radiogenomic assessment of ccRCC, supporting noninvasive insights into tumor metabolism and progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Molecular Trends and Prospects in Kidney Diseases)
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15 pages, 4254 KiB  
Article
Wogonin Inhibits Apoptosis and Necroptosis Induced by Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chicken Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells
by Qiurong Qi, Ying Li, Mengbing Ding, Cheng Huang, Salma Mbarouk Omar, Yan Shi, Ping Liu, Gaofeng Cai, Zhanhong Zheng, Xiaoquan Guo and Xiaona Gao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8194; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158194 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1019
Abstract
NIBV is an acute and highly contagious virus that has a major impact on the poultry industry. Wogonin, as a flavonoid drug, has antiviral effects, but there have been no reports indicating its role in renal injury caused by NIBV infection. The aim [...] Read more.
NIBV is an acute and highly contagious virus that has a major impact on the poultry industry. Wogonin, as a flavonoid drug, has antiviral effects, but there have been no reports indicating its role in renal injury caused by NIBV infection. The aim of this study is to investigate the antiviral effect of wogonin against NIBV. Renal tubular epithelial cells were isolated and cultured, and divided into four groups: Con, Con+Wog, NIBV and NIBV+Wog. We found that wogonin significantly inhibited the copy number of NIBV and significantly alleviated NIBV-induced cell apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, wogonin inhibited the reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and the aberrant opening of mPTP caused by NIBV. In conclusion, wogonin can protect renal tubular epithelial cells from damage by inhibiting the replication of NIBV and preventing mitochondrial apoptosis and necroptosis induced by NIBV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Molecular Trends and Prospects in Kidney Diseases)
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Review

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23 pages, 1125 KiB  
Review
Can Novel Biomarkers Effectively Predict Acute Kidney Injury in Liver or Kidney Transplant Recipients?
by Hubert Zywno, Wojciech Figiel, Michal Grat, Slawomir Nazarewski, Zbigniew Galazka and Jolanta Malyszko
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12072; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212072 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1346
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a common complication associated with liver or kidney transplantation, which may significantly impact the graft condition and perioperative mortality. Current AKI diagnostic criteria based on serum creatinine (sCr) and urine output alterations are widely utilized in routine clinical [...] Read more.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a common complication associated with liver or kidney transplantation, which may significantly impact the graft condition and perioperative mortality. Current AKI diagnostic criteria based on serum creatinine (sCr) and urine output alterations are widely utilized in routine clinical practice. However, the diagnostic value of sCr may be limited by various confounding factors, including age, sex, reduced or increased muscle mass, and pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, sCr is rather a late indicator of AKI, as its concentration tends to increase only when the severity of the injury is enough to decrease the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Recent expertise highlights the need for novel biomarkers in post-transplantation AKI diagnosis, prediction of event-associated mortality, or evaluation of indications for renal replacement treatment (RRT). Over the last decade, the diagnostic performance of various AKI biomarkers has been assessed, among which some showed the potential to outperform sCr in AKI diagnosis. Identifying susceptible individuals, early diagnosis, and prompt intervention are crucial for successful transplantation, undisturbed graft function in long-term follow-up, and decreased mortality. However, the research on AKI biomarkers in transplantation still needs to be explored. The field lacks consistent results, rigorous study designs, and external validation. Considering the rapidly growing prevalence of CKD and cirrhosis that are associated with the transplantation at their end-stage, as well as the existing knowledge gap, the aim of this article was to provide the most up-to-date review of the studies on novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of post-transplantation AKI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Molecular Trends and Prospects in Kidney Diseases)
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