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Insights into Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 2446

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
Interests: molecular mechanisms of free radicals and antioxidants; effects of oxidative stress in human health and disease; impacts of long-term low-dose exposure to xenobiotics; effects of fasting on human metabolism and redox status

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
Interests: antioxidants; redox; polyphenol; fasting; oxidative stress; glutathione; natural products; stress; toxicology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The preservation of redox homeostasis is a constant challenge. The disruption of the precise equilibrium between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants causes oxidative stress, which is associated with redox signaling disturbances and/or molecular damage. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence shows that these redox shifts are not consistently harmful. In particular, the low levels of oxidative stress, referred to as “oxidative eustress”, are necessary for physiological redox control and signaling, whereas its excessive levels, referred to as “oxidative distress”, impair redox signaling and cause oxidative damage to critical biomolecules, a phenomenon related to the pathophysiology of various diseases.

In this Special Issue, we invite authors to contribute reviews and research articles including, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • The implication of redox alterations in pathological conditions;
  • The impacts of exposure to commonly encountered xenobiotics on redox homeostasis;
  • The effects of nutritional interventions and dietary patterns on metabolism and redox status.

Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Kouretas
Dr. Zoi Vasiliki Skaperda
Dr. Fotios Tekos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • redox homeostasis
  • redox signaling
  • reactive oxygen species
  • oxidative damage
  • diseases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3632 KiB  
Article
Redox Balance and Inflammatory Response in Follicular Fluids of Women Recovered by SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Anti-COVID-19 Vaccinated: A Combined Metabolomics and Biochemical Study
by Maria A. Castiglione Morelli, Assunta Iuliano, Licia Viggiani, Ilenia Matera, Alessandro Pistone, Sergio C. A. Schettini, Paola Colucci and Angela Ostuni
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8400; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158400 - 1 Aug 2024
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Abstract
To date, not many studies have presented evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infecting the female reproductive system. Furthermore, so far, no effect of the administration of anti-COVID 19 vaccines has been reported to affect the quality of oocytes retrieved from women who resorted to assisted [...] Read more.
To date, not many studies have presented evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infecting the female reproductive system. Furthermore, so far, no effect of the administration of anti-COVID 19 vaccines has been reported to affect the quality of oocytes retrieved from women who resorted to assisted reproduction technology (ART). The FF metabolic profiles of women who had been infected by SARS-CoV-2 before IVF treatments or after COVID-19 vaccination were examined by 1H NMR. Immunochemical characterization of proteins and cytokines involved in the redox and inflammatory pathways was performed. The increased expression of SOD2 and NQO1, the lack of alteration of IL-6 and CXCL10 levels, as well as the increased expression of CD39, suggested that, both sharing similar molecular mechanisms or proceeding along different routes, the redox balance is controlled in the FF of both vaccinated and recovered women compared to controls. The lower amount of metabolites known to have proinflammatory activity, i.e., TMAO and lipids, further supported the biochemical results, suggesting that the FF microenvironment is controlled so as to guarantee oocyte quality and does not compromise the outcome of ART. In terms of the number of blastocysts obtained after ICSI and the pregnancy rate, the results are also comforting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insights into Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress)
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15 pages, 3831 KiB  
Article
Redefining the Role of Ornithine Aspartate and Vitamin E in Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease through Its Biochemical Properties
by Larisse Longo, Rafael Aguiar Marschner, Laura Bainy Rodrigues de Freitas, Laura Renata de Bona, Luiza Behrens, Matheus Henrique Mariano Pereira, Valessa Emanoele Gabriel de Souza, Luiza Cecília Leonhard, Giulianna Zanettini, Carlos Eduardo Pinzon, Guilherme Jorge Semmelmann Pereira Lima, Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski, Carolina Uribe-Cruz, Simone Magagnin Wajner and Mário Reis Álvares-da-Silva
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(13), 6839; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25136839 - 21 Jun 2024
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Abstract
It is known that the inflammation process leading to oxidative stress and thyroid hormone metabolism dysfunction is highly altered in metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aims to address the effect of ornithine aspartate (LOLA) and vitamin E (VitE) [...] Read more.
It is known that the inflammation process leading to oxidative stress and thyroid hormone metabolism dysfunction is highly altered in metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aims to address the effect of ornithine aspartate (LOLA) and vitamin E (VitE) in improving these processes. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five groups and treated for 28 weeks: controls (n = 10) received a standard diet (for 28 weeks) plus gavage with distilled water (DW) from weeks 16 to 28. MASLD groups received a high-fat and choline-deficient diet for 28 weeks (MASLD group) and daily gavage with 200 mg/kg/day of LOLA, or twice a week with 150 mg of VitE from weeks 16–28. LOLA diminished collagen deposition (p = 0.006). The same treatment diminished carbonyl, TBARS, and sulfhydryl levels and GPx activity (p < 0.001). Type 3 deiodinase increased in the MASLD group, downregulating T3-controlled genes, which was corrected in the presence of LOLA. LOLA also promoted a near-normalization of complex II, SDH, and GDH activities (p < 0.001) and improved reticulum stress, with a reduction in GRP78 and HSPA9/GRP75 protein levels (p < 0.05). The enhanced energy production and metabolism of thyroid hormones, probably because of GSH replenishment provided by the L-glutamate portion of LOLA, opens a new therapeutic approach for MASLD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insights into Redox Homeostasis and Oxidative Stress)
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