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Molecular Imaging in Precision Medicine: A Challenging Alliance

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 5417

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Precision medicine represents a novel and revolutionary approach, by which a specific treatment is tailored on the basis of each patient’s epigenetic, molecular and environmental characteristics. In this regard, several therapies targeting specific molecular mechanisms have been implemented in clinical practice, such as those directed towards BRAF/MEK pathway in malignant melanoma or the PARP inhibitor olaparib in prostate cancer bearing defects of DNA repair genes. In order to define patients’ eligibility for these targeted treatments, complex molecular analyses need to be performed on biological samples with the aim of disclosing specific biomarkers associated with the disease. Notably, this tailored approach is also gaining consideration in medical fields others than oncology. We need to think, for example, to the recent FDA authorization of aducanumab specifically targeting amyloid deposition in Alzheimer’s disease. 

In this scenario, novel imaging techniques provide a unique opportunity to investigate disease at a molecular level in order to obtain an in vivo characterization. Furthermore, this approach can be applied in a dynamic fashion, using different imaging probes to follow disease evolution during therapy, thus promptly detecting the onset of resistance to a specific drug. Molecular imaging through different techniques (SPECT/CT, PET/CT, optical imaging) has been applied in the field of precision medicine with promising results. In the present Special Issue, we solicit original studies or review articles highlighting the challenging alliance between molecular imaging and precision medicine, with a particular emphasis on the ongoing studies in the less-explored scientific fields, such as the emerging applications of nanotechnology and nanomedicine.

Dr. Manuel Scimeca
Prof. Dr. Luca Filippi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • precision medicine
  • oncology
  • molecular imaging
  • molecular biology
  • molecular pathology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1589 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Evaluation of Sgc8-c Aptamer as a Molecular Imaging Probe for Colon Cancer in a Mouse Xenograft Model
by Ana Paula Arévalo, Romina Castelli, Manuel Ibarra, Martina Crispo and Victoria Calzada
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(5), 2466; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052466 - 23 Feb 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2607
Abstract
Recent biotechnological applications in the field of clinical oncology led to the identification of new biomarkers as molecular targets of cancer, and to broad developments in the field of personalized medicine. Aptamers are oligonucleotides (ssDNA or RNA) that are selected to specifically recognize [...] Read more.
Recent biotechnological applications in the field of clinical oncology led to the identification of new biomarkers as molecular targets of cancer, and to broad developments in the field of personalized medicine. Aptamers are oligonucleotides (ssDNA or RNA) that are selected to specifically recognize a molecular target with high affinity and specificity. Based on this, new horizons for their use as molecular imaging probes are being explored. The objective of this work was to evaluate the Sgc8-c aptamer conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 fluorophore as an imaging probe in a colon tumor xenograft mouse model, with potential application in molecular imaging. In this study, the LS174T cell line was used to induce colorectal adenocarcinoma in nude mice. After confirmation of PTK7 overexpression by immunohistochemistry, in vivo studies were performed. Pharmacokinetic, in vivo and ex vivo biodistribution imaging, and a competition assay were evaluated by fluorescence imaging. In vivo visualization of the probe in the tumors was assessed two hours after aptamer probe administration, exhibiting excellent tumor-to-background ratios in biodistribution studies and high specificity in the competition test. Our results demonstrated the functionality of Scg8-c as an imaging probe for colon cancer, with potential clinical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Imaging in Precision Medicine: A Challenging Alliance)
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Review

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16 pages, 2302 KiB  
Review
Aβ-Targeting Bifunctional Chelators (BFCs) for Potential Therapeutic and PET Imaging Applications
by Olga Krasnovskaya, Aina Kononova, Alexander Erofeev, Peter Gorelkin, Alexander Majouga and Elena Beloglazkina
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010236 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
Currently, more than 55 million people live with dementia worldwide, and there are nearly 10 million new cases every year. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease resulting in personality changes, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and physical disability. Diagnosis of AD [...] Read more.
Currently, more than 55 million people live with dementia worldwide, and there are nearly 10 million new cases every year. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease resulting in personality changes, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and physical disability. Diagnosis of AD is often missed or delayed in clinical practice due to the fact that cognitive deterioration occurs already in the later stages of the disease. Thus, methods to improve early detection would provide opportunities for early treatment of disease. All FDA-approved PET imaging agents for Aβ plaques use short-lived radioisotopes such as 11C (t1/2 = 20.4 min) and 18F (t1/2 = 109.8 min), which limit their widespread use. Thus, a novel metal-based imaging agent for visualization of Aβ plaques is of interest, due to the simplicity of its synthesis and the longer lifetimes of its constituent isotopes. We have previously summarized a metal-containing drug for positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we have summarized a recent advance in design of Aβ-targeting bifunctional chelators for potential therapeutic and PET imaging applications, reported after our previous review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Imaging in Precision Medicine: A Challenging Alliance)
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