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Plant Respiration in the Light and Photorespiration
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Plant Respiration in the Light and Photorespiration

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 3520

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Abir U. Igamberdiev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
Interests: plant mitochondria; alternative oxidase; respiratory carbon metabolism; photorespiration; environmental and stress biology; interactions of respiration and photosynthesis; plant responses to global change; plant molecular genetics; plant epigenetics; mitochondrial stress-signaling; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; anaerobic metabolism; cellular energetics; theoretical biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Leszek A. Kleczkowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Physiology, Umea Universitet, Umea, Sweden
Interests: plant sugar metabolism; nucleotide-sugar precursors to polysaccharides; sugar-dependent signal transduction pathways; plant mitochondria; photorespiratory metabolism; respiratory carbon metabolism; environmental and stress biology; interactions of respiration and photosynthesis; plant responses to global change; plant molecular genetics; plant stress-signaling; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; cellular energetics; theoretical biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Respiration in the light and photorespiration are two major processes that are closely associated with photosynthetic performance of plants and directly affect their productivity. These pathways function under a wide range of environmental stress conditions and affect plant growth and performance. Their contribution undergoes major alterations in the conditions of global change. A significant body of knowledge describes how photosynthesis responds to changes in key environmental variables such as irradiance, temperature, water and nutrient availability, and elevation of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. However, the adaptive potential of respiration and its regulation by light and other environmental parameters remains much more uncertain, and the understanding of the molecular mechanism of its interaction with the overall photosynthetic process is generally insufficient. In part, this relates to the complex, diverse, and often-unique roles of respiration and photorespiration in photosynthetic organisms, the presence of non-coupled pathways, metabolic flexibility, and participation of various organelles in the arrangement of respiratory and photorespiratory processes. These include the need to provide extensive substrate for biosynthesis, as well as the need to coordinate and optimize photosynthetic metabolism. In part, these unique roles may rely upon plant-specific respiratory components, found in the cytosol, mitochondrion, peroxisome and vacuole, which introduce various metabolic routes for the processing of respiratory and photorespiratory intermediates.

This Special Issue invites both original research and review articles that advance our understanding of how plant respiration responds to the environment and how the unique components of respiratory metabolism support acclimation to the environment. Contributions that describe interactions between respiration and photosynthesis, or how respiration responds to global change factors, are also welcome.

Prof. Dr. Abir U. Igamberdiev
Prof. Dr. Leszek A. Kleczkowski
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plant respiratory pathways
  • photorespiration
  • leaf peroxisomes
  • mitochondria in the light
  • acclimation to environment
  • non-coupled respiration
  • electron transport chain
  • plant-specific respiratory components
  • photosynthesis–respiration interactions
  • global change factors
  • plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism
  • plant bioenergetics
  • alternative metabolic pathways

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3602 KiB  
Article
Flux Calculation for Primary Metabolism Reveals Changes in Allocation of Nitrogen to Different Amino Acid Families When Photorespiratory Activity Changes
by Nils Friedrichs, Danial Shokouhi and Arnd G. Heyer
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8394; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158394 - 1 Aug 2024
Viewed by 689
Abstract
Photorespiration, caused by oxygenation of the enzyme Rubisco, is considered a wasteful process, because it reduces photosynthetic carbon gain, but it also supplies amino acids and is involved in amelioration of stress. Here, we show that a sudden increase in photorespiratory activity not [...] Read more.
Photorespiration, caused by oxygenation of the enzyme Rubisco, is considered a wasteful process, because it reduces photosynthetic carbon gain, but it also supplies amino acids and is involved in amelioration of stress. Here, we show that a sudden increase in photorespiratory activity not only reduced carbon acquisition and production of sugars and starch, but also affected diurnal dynamics of amino acids not obviously involved in the process. Flux calculations based on diurnal metabolite profiles suggest that export of proline from leaves increases, while aspartate family members accumulate. An immense increase is observed for turnover in the cyclic reaction of glutamine synthetase/glutamine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GS/GOGAT), probably because of increased production of ammonium in photorespiration. The hpr1-1 mutant, defective in peroxisomal hydroxypyruvate reductase, shows substantial alterations in flux, leading to a shift from the oxoglutarate to the aspartate family of amino acids. This is coupled to a massive export of asparagine, which may serve in exchange for serine between shoot and root. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Respiration in the Light and Photorespiration)
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Review

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19 pages, 1229 KiB  
Review
Photorespiratory Metabolism and Its Regulatory Links to Plant Defence Against Pathogens
by Iwona Ciereszko and Elżbieta Kuźniak
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12134; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212134 - 12 Nov 2024
Viewed by 402
Abstract
When plants face biotic stress, the induction of defence responses imposes a massive demand for carbon and energy resources, which could decrease the reserves allocated towards growth. These growth–defence trade-offs have important implications for plant fitness and productivity and influence the outcome of [...] Read more.
When plants face biotic stress, the induction of defence responses imposes a massive demand for carbon and energy resources, which could decrease the reserves allocated towards growth. These growth–defence trade-offs have important implications for plant fitness and productivity and influence the outcome of plant–pathogen interactions. Biotic stress strongly affects plant cells’ primary metabolism, including photosynthesis and respiration, the main source of energy and carbon skeletons for plant growth, development, and defence. Although the nature of photosynthetic limitations imposed by pathogens is variable, infection often increases photorespiratory pressure, generating conditions that promote ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate oxygenation, leading to a metabolic shift from assimilation to photorespiration. Photorespiration, the significant metabolic flux following photosynthesis, protects the photosynthetic apparatus from photoinhibition. However, recent studies reveal that its role is far beyond photoprotection. The intermediates of the photorespiratory cycle regulate photosynthesis, and photorespiration interacts with the metabolic pathways of nitrogen and sulphur, shaping the primary metabolism for stress responses. This work aims to present recent insights into the integration of photorespiration within the network of primary metabolism under biotic stress. It also explores the potential implications of regulating photosynthetic–photorespiratory metabolism for plant defence against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Respiration in the Light and Photorespiration)
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21 pages, 2044 KiB  
Review
Multiple Roles of Glycerate Kinase—From Photorespiration to Gluconeogenesis, C4 Metabolism, and Plant Immunity
by Leszek A. Kleczkowski and Abir U. Igamberdiev
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3258; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063258 - 13 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1736
Abstract
Plant glycerate kinase (GK) was previously considered an exclusively chloroplastic enzyme of the glycolate pathway (photorespiration), and its sole predicted role was to return most of the glycolate-derived carbon (as glycerate) to the Calvin cycle. However, recent discovery of cytosolic GK revealed metabolic [...] Read more.
Plant glycerate kinase (GK) was previously considered an exclusively chloroplastic enzyme of the glycolate pathway (photorespiration), and its sole predicted role was to return most of the glycolate-derived carbon (as glycerate) to the Calvin cycle. However, recent discovery of cytosolic GK revealed metabolic links for glycerate to other processes. Although GK was initially proposed as being solely regulated by substrate availability, subsequent discoveries of its redox regulation and the light involvement in the production of chloroplastic and cytosolic GK isoforms have indicated a more refined regulation of the pathways of glycerate conversion. Here, we re-evaluate the importance of GK and emphasize its multifaceted role in plants. Thus, GK can be a major player in several branches of primary metabolism, including the glycolate pathway, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and C4 metabolism. In addition, recently, the chloroplastic (but not cytosolic) GK isoform was implicated as part of a light-dependent plant immune response to pathogen attack. The origins of glycerate are also discussed here; it is produced in several cell compartments and undergoes huge fluctuations depending on light/dark conditions. The recent discovery of the vacuolar glycerate transporter adds yet another layer to our understanding of glycerate transport/metabolism and that of other two- and three-carbon metabolites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Respiration in the Light and Photorespiration)
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