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Emerging Trends in Antimicrobial Biomaterials

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 1166

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Centre for Textile Science and Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial agents concomitant; synergistic and additive effects surface functionalization; antimicrobial properties; biomedical therapies; bioactive molecules; green synthesis; environmentally friendly; circular economy; waste materials’ second life
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomaterials can be used as implantable devices or drug delivery platforms with a significant influence on the patients’ quality of life. Indeed, every year, a substantial number of new biomaterials and scaffolding systems are engineered and introduced into the biomedical field with an increased potential for biomedical uses. However, their long-term use can be threatened by the adhesion and proliferation of microorganisms, which can interact and form biofilms, or the very common formation of fibrosis with cytotoxic responses. Pathogenic microorganisms may cause local infection and, consequently, implant failure; furthermore, they can hinder the delivery of therapeutic molecules by specialized delivery platforms, making them ineffective. Many alternatives have been proposed over the years to prevent such events, including the use of antiseptics and antibiotics or the physical modification of the biomaterial surface, with the incorporation of biomolecules of interest. From specialized polymers and functional groups to silver and, more recently, antimicrobial peptides and natural extracts, different functionalization/modification techniques have been employed in this fight against pathogenic agents.

This Special Issue seeks manuscript submissions that further our understanding about the antimicrobial action of specialized biomaterials, new surface-modification strategies, chemical modifications that can be employed to improve their performance, and even original polymeric chemical structures that can be synthetically manufactured with improved properties from which infection control or eradication can be guaranteed. Submissions on the response of pathogenic microorganisms to these implantable devices and new alternatives to reduce infection transmission and biofilm formation are especially encouraged. The goal is to compile enough information so a complete overview of the current state of the art on antimicrobial biomaterials can be attained.

Dr. Helena Felgueiras
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial agents
  • chemical modification
  • polymer engineering
  • polymer synthesis
  • surface functionalization
  • immobilization of antimicrobial agents
  • new drug delivery systems
  • microbicides
  • infection control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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13 pages, 5179 KiB  
Article
Antifungal Chitosan Nanocomposites—A New Perspective for Extending Food Storage
by Natalia Wrońska, Aleksandra Felczak, Katarzyna Niedziałkowska, Marta Kędzierska, Maria Bryszewska, Mohamed Amine Benzaouia, Abdelkrim El Kadib, Katarzyna Miłowska and Katarzyna Lisowska
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 13186; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252313186 - 8 Dec 2024
Viewed by 874
Abstract
Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from chitin, exhibits significant antifungal properties, making it a valuable compound for various applications in agriculture food preservation, and biomedicine. The present study aimed to assess the antifungal properties of chitosan-modified films using sol–gel derivatives (CS:ZnO) or graphene-filled chitosan, [...] Read more.
Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from chitin, exhibits significant antifungal properties, making it a valuable compound for various applications in agriculture food preservation, and biomedicine. The present study aimed to assess the antifungal properties of chitosan-modified films using sol–gel derivatives (CS:ZnO) or graphene-filled chitosan, (CS:GO and CS:rGO) against two strains of fungi that are the most common cause of food spoilage: Aspergillus flavus ATCC 9643 and Penicillium expansum DSM 1282. The results indicate important differences in the antifungal activity of native chitosan films and zinc oxide-modified chitosan films. CS:ZnO nanocomposites (2:1 and 5:1) completely inhibited spore germination of the two tested fungal strains. Furthermore, a decrease in spore viability was observed after exposure to CS:Zn films. Significant differences in the permeability of cell envelopes were observed in the A. flavus. Moreover, the genotoxicity of the materials against two cell lines, human BJ fibroblasts and human KERTr keratinocytes, was investigated. Our studies showed that the tested nanocomposites did not exhibit genotoxicity towards human skin fibroblasts, and significant damage in the DNA of keratinocytes treated with CS:ZnO composites. Nanocomposites based on chitosan may help reduce synthetic fungicides and contribute to sustainable food production and food preservation practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Antimicrobial Biomaterials)
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