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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Molecular Advances in Pathogenesis and Therapies

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 April 2025 | Viewed by 2750

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Institute of Medicine, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
2. Department of Gastroenterology with IBD Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2, 35-301 Rzeszow, Poland
Interests: crohns disease; UIcerative colitis; GI endoscopy; GI immunology; gastrointestinal diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic diseases with periods of activity and remission. Despite the great progress made in understanding the etiology of IBD, it is not fully elucidated. However, many studies point to important genetic, environmental, and immunological factors in the occurrence of these conditions. Understanding the molecular and immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis process can influence the therapeutic process.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to deepen knowledge and gather information on molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease and also to present the complete current situation of this field and its future prospects.

To ensure the diversity of approaches and viewpoints of the authors, we will collect different types of articles, such as original articles, systematic reviews, and communication.

This Special Issue is supervised by Prof. Dr. Rafał Filip and assisted by our Guest Editor’s assistant editors Dr. Sara Jarmakiewicz-Czaja, [email protected], and Dr. Aneta Sokal-Dembowska, [email protected] (Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland).

Prof. Dr. Rafał Filip
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Crohn’s disease
  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • immunologic and molecular mechanisms
  • therapies for IBD
  • ulcerative colitis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2674 KiB  
Article
Gut Bacterial Composition and Nutritional Implications in Mexican and Spanish Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Compared to Healthy Controls
by Ricardo García-Gamboa, Osiris Díaz-Torres, Misael Sebastián Gradilla-Hernández, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Andrés Moya and Marisela González-Avila
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 11887; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252211887 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 415
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with its composition varying based on geographic location and dietary factors. This study was performed to examine and compare the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota in Mexican [...] Read more.
The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with its composition varying based on geographic location and dietary factors. This study was performed to examine and compare the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota in Mexican and Spanish individuals with IBD and healthy controls, while also considering the nutritional aspects. This study involved 79 individuals with IBD and healthy controls from Mexico and Spain. The fecal microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the dietary intake and anthropometric measurements were collected. Alpha diversity analysis revealed a lower Chao1 index of the bacterial genera in the IBD groups. Beta diversity analysis showed significant differences in the bacterial composition, suggesting inter-individual variability within the healthy and IBD groups. Additionally, the relative abundance of the bacterial genera varied across the four groups. Faecalibacterium was more abundant in the IBD groups; Prevotella was found exclusively in the Mexican groups, and Akkermansia was found only in the Spanish groups. Akkermansia was positively correlated with meat and protein intake, Prevotella with lean mass, and Bacteroides with calorie intake. These findings highlight the importance of considering geographic and nutritional factors in future research on the gut microbiome’s role in IBD pathogenesis. Full article
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14 pages, 3628 KiB  
Article
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of miR-369-3p via PDE4B in Intestinal Inflammatory Response
by Viviana Scalavino, Emanuele Piccinno, Nicoletta Labarile, Raffaele Armentano, Gianluigi Giannelli and Grazia Serino
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8463; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158463 - 2 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consist of a family of enzymes expressed in several types of cells, including inflammatory cells, that play a pivotal role in inflammation. Several studies have demonstrated that the inhibition of PDE4 results in a reduced inflammatory response via PKA [...] Read more.
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consist of a family of enzymes expressed in several types of cells, including inflammatory cells, that play a pivotal role in inflammation. Several studies have demonstrated that the inhibition of PDE4 results in a reduced inflammatory response via PKA and CREB signaling. Hence, PDE4 suppression improves the inflammatory feedback typical of several diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that miR-369-3p regulates inflammatory responses, modulating different aspects of the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to demonstrate an additional anti-inflammatory effect of miR-369-3p targeting PDE4B, one of the widely expressed isoforms in immune cells. We found that miR-369-3p was able to reduce the expression of PDE4B, elevating the intracellular levels of cAMP. This accumulation increased the expression of PKA and pCREB, mitigating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. To prove that PDE4B is a good therapeutic target in IBD, we also demonstrate that the expression of PDE4B was increased in UC patients compared to healthy controls, affecting the immune infiltrate. PDE4B is considered an important player in inflammatory progression; hence, our results show the ability of miR-369-3p to ameliorate inflammation by targeting PDE4B, supporting its future application as a new therapeutic approach in IBD. Full article
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Review

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13 pages, 531 KiB  
Review
Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Potential Role as Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Lorena Ortega Moreno, María Chaparro and Javier P. Gisbert
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(16), 8808; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168808 - 13 Aug 2024
Viewed by 969
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that encompasses entities such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Its incidence has risen in newly industrialised countries over time, turning it into a global disease. Lately, studies on inflammatory bowel disease have focused on [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that encompasses entities such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Its incidence has risen in newly industrialised countries over time, turning it into a global disease. Lately, studies on inflammatory bowel disease have focused on finding non-invasive and specific biomarkers. Long non-coding RNAs may play a role in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease and therefore they may be considered as potential biomarkers for this disease. In the present article, we review information in the literature on the relationship between long non-coding RNAs and inflammatory bowel disease. We especially focus on understanding the potential function of these RNAs as non-invasive biomarkers, providing information that may be helpful for future studies in the field. Full article
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