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Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury 2021

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Toxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 29787

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
Interests: lifestyle-related diseases; functional food components; reactive oxygen species; bioactive nutrients; anti-oxidant activity
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic alcohol abuse is a significant cause of cirrhosis and liver failure in adults worldwide. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a pathological process characterized by progressive liver damage that leads to steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and finally cirrhosis. Eventually, cirrhosis may progress to hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular cancer. Therefore, ALD is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to develop efficient strategies for patients with ALD.

Although remarkable achievements has been made in the mechanisms of ALD, there is still no effective therapy for ALD. Recently, there has been growing studies in elucidating the role of foods and food components as suppressors of alcohol–induced oxidative stress and liver damage.

This Special Issue would like to deepen the relationship between food components and preventive effect for ALD. The studies using in vitro and/or in vivo models are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Akiko Kojima-Yuasa
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Alcoholic liver disease
  • Hepatitis
  • Liver fibrosis
  • Food components
  • Hepatocyte
  • Hepatic stellate cells
  • Reactive oxygen species
  • Alcohol dehydrogenase
  • Cytochrome P450 2E1

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 10483 KiB  
Article
Morphofunctional State and Circadian Rhythms of the Liver under the Influence of Chronic Alcohol Intoxication and Constant Lighting
by Maria A. Kozlova, Yuri A. Kirillov, Lyudmila A. Makartseva, Igor Chernov and David A. Areshidze
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(23), 13007; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313007 - 30 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2127
Abstract
A study of the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and their combined effects on the morphofunctional state of the rat liver and the circadian rhythms (CR) of the studied parameters of the organism was carried out. It was found that both [...] Read more.
A study of the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and their combined effects on the morphofunctional state of the rat liver and the circadian rhythms (CR) of the studied parameters of the organism was carried out. It was found that both alcohol and constant illumination caused significant changes in the structure of the liver, as well as in the circadian rhythmicity of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, ALT, and total and direct bilirubin rhythms; however, the combined effects of ethanol and constant illumination had the most significant effect on the studied parameters of the organism. These two factors caused disturbances in the circadian rhythms of the micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, disruption of the circadian rhythms of total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, and direct and total bilirubin, as well as disturbances in the expression and rhythmicity of the studied clock genes against a background of the development of an inflammatory process in the liver. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury 2021)
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Review

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16 pages, 1180 KiB  
Review
Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver
by Jeongeun Hyun, Jinsol Han, Chanbin Lee, Myunghee Yoon and Youngmi Jung
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 5717; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115717 - 27 May 2021
Cited by 141 | Viewed by 26376
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver disease caused by chronic or binge consumption of alcohol. The liver is the major organ that metabolizes alcohol; therefore, it is particularly sensitive to alcohol intake. Metabolites and byproducts generated during alcohol metabolism [...] Read more.
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver disease caused by chronic or binge consumption of alcohol. The liver is the major organ that metabolizes alcohol; therefore, it is particularly sensitive to alcohol intake. Metabolites and byproducts generated during alcohol metabolism cause liver damage, leading to ALD via several mechanisms, such as impairing lipid metabolism, intensifying inflammatory reactions, and inducing fibrosis. Despite the severity of ALD, the development of novel treatments has been hampered by the lack of animal models that fully mimic human ALD. To overcome the current limitations of ALD studies and therapy development, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced liver injury. Hence, to provide insights into the progression of ALD, this review examines previous studies conducted on alcohol metabolism in the liver. There is a particular focus on the occurrence of ALD caused by hepatotoxicity originating from alcohol metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury 2021)
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