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Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0
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Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 11261

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Noriyuki Koibuchi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Integrative Physiology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
Interests: steroid/thyroid hormone in CNS; neuroendocrine; cerebellum; trophic factors in brain development and organ metabolism; nuclear receptor; endocrine disrupting chemicals; epigenetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issues, “Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 2.0” and "Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions".

Small lipophilic hormones such as steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, retinoids, vitamin D, and other endogenous substances play an important role in the signal transduction pathway across various organs. Their action is mainly exerted by binding to nuclear hormone receptors, which are ligand-activated transcription factors. These nuclear receptors are indispensable for epigenetic programming of the cell. Disruption of this hormone signaling may cause various disorders.

In this Special Issue, we call for manuscripts on various aspects of the cellular and molecular biology of steroids and other lipophilic hormones, including the regulation of synthesis, secretion, and their actions. We also welcome manuscripts dealing with the disruption of hormone actions by environmental chemicals and xenobiotics. Through this Special Issue, we would like to provide excellent articles in this research field to a broad range of readers.

Prof. Dr. Noriyuki Koibuchi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • steroid
  • thyroid
  • retinoid
  • vitamin D
  • neurosteroid
  • nuclear receptor
  • endocrine disruption

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 23455 KiB  
Article
17β-Estradiol (E2) Activates Matrix Mineralization through Genomic/Nongenomic Pathways in MC3T3-E1 Cells
by Hiraku Suzuki, Yuki Fujiwara, Winda Ariyani, Izuki Amano, Sumiyasu Ishii, Ayane Kate Ninomiya, Seiichi Sato, Akinori Takaoka and Noriyuki Koibuchi
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4727; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094727 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1171
Abstract
Estrogen plays an important role in osteoporosis prevention. We herein report the possible novel signaling pathway of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1, an osteoblast-like cell line. In the culture media-containing stripped serum, in which small lipophilic molecules such as steroid [...] Read more.
Estrogen plays an important role in osteoporosis prevention. We herein report the possible novel signaling pathway of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1, an osteoblast-like cell line. In the culture media-containing stripped serum, in which small lipophilic molecules such as steroid hormones including E2 were depleted, matrix mineralization was significantly reduced. However, the E2 treatment induced this. The E2 effects were suppressed by ICI182,780, the estrogen receptor (ER)α, and the ERβ antagonist, as well as their mRNA knockdown, whereas Raloxifene, an inhibitor of estrogen-induced transcription, and G15, a G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) 1 inhibitor, had little or no effect. Furthermore, the E2-activated matrix mineralization was disrupted by PMA, a PKC activator, and SB202190, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, but not by wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. Matrix mineralization was also induced by the culture media from the E2-stimulated cell culture. This effect was hindered by PMA or heat treatment, but not by SB202190. These results indicate that E2 activates the p38 MAPK pathway via ERs independently from actions in the nucleus. Such activation may cause the secretion of certain signaling molecule(s), which inhibit the PKC pathway. Our study provides a novel pathway of E2 action that could be a therapeutic target to activate matrix mineralization under various diseases, including osteoporosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0)
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12 pages, 5503 KiB  
Article
Mixed-Lineage Leukaemia Gene Regulates Glucose-Sensitive Gene Expression and Insulin Secretion in Pancreatic Beta Cells
by Satoshi Yoshino, Emi Ishida, Kazuhiko Horiguchi, Shunichi Matsumoto, Yasuyo Nakajima, Atsushi Ozawa, Masanobu Yamada and Eijiro Yamada
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(9), 4704; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094704 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 953
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of pancreatic beta cell function. Interest in glucose effectiveness has prompted the exploration of novel regulatory factors. The myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukaemia gene (MLL) is widely recognised for [...] Read more.
The escalating prevalence of diabetes mellitus underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of pancreatic beta cell function. Interest in glucose effectiveness has prompted the exploration of novel regulatory factors. The myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukaemia gene (MLL) is widely recognised for its role in leukemogenesis and nuclear regulatory mechanisms through its histone methyltransferase activity in active chromatin. However, its function within pancreatic endocrine tissues remains elusive. Herein, we unveil a novel role of MLL in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. MLL knockdown in βHC-9 pancreatic beta cells diminished insulin secretion in response to glucose loading, paralleled by the downregulation of the glucose-sensitive genes SLC2a1 and SLC2a2. Similar observations were made in MLL heterozygous knockout mice (MLL+/−), which exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion without morphological anomalies in pancreatic endocrine cells. The reduction in insulin secretion was independent of changes in beta cell mass or insulin granule morphology, suggesting the regulatory role of MLL in glucose-sensitive gene expression. The current results suggest that MLL interacts with circadian-related complexes to modulate the expression of glucose transporter genes, thereby regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion. Our findings shed light on insulin secretion control, providing potential avenues for therapeutics against diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0)
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15 pages, 1930 KiB  
Article
Crosstalk between Thyroid Hormone and Corticosteroid Signaling Targets Cell Proliferation in Xenopus tropicalis Tadpole Liver
by Muriel Rigolet, Nicolas Buisine, Marylou Scharwatt, Evelyne Duvernois-Berthet, Daniel R. Buchholz and Laurent M. Sachs
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(22), 13715; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213715 - 8 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1546
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (TH) and glucocorticoids (GC) are involved in numerous developmental and physiological processes. The effects of individual hormones are well documented, but little is known about the joint actions of the two hormones. To decipher the crosstalk between these two hormonal pathways, [...] Read more.
Thyroid hormones (TH) and glucocorticoids (GC) are involved in numerous developmental and physiological processes. The effects of individual hormones are well documented, but little is known about the joint actions of the two hormones. To decipher the crosstalk between these two hormonal pathways, we conducted a transcriptional analysis of genes regulated by TH, GC, or both hormones together in liver of Xenopus tropicalis tadpoles using RNA-Seq. Among the differentially expressed genes (DE), 70.5% were regulated by TH only, 0.87% by GC only, and 15% by crosstalk between the two hormones. Gene ontology analysis of the crosstalk-regulated genes identified terms referring to DNA replication, DNA repair, and cell-cycle regulation. Biological network analysis identified groups of genes targeted by the hormonal crosstalk and corroborated the gene ontology analysis. Specifically, we found two groups of functionally linked genes (chains) mainly composed of crosstalk-regulated hubs (highly interactive genes), and a large subnetwork centred around the crosstalk-regulated genes psmb6 and cdc7. Most of the genes in the chains are involved in cell-cycle regulation, as are psmb6 and cdc7, which regulate the G2/M transition. Thus, the biological action of these two hormonal pathways acting together in the liver targets cell-cycle regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0)
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Review

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27 pages, 3350 KiB  
Review
Modulation of Muscarinic Signalling in the Central Nervous System by Steroid Hormones and Neurosteroids
by Ewa Szczurowska, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Nikolai Chetverikov, Alena Randáková, Eva Kudová and Jan Jakubík
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010507 - 28 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3212
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in the central nervous system mediate various functions, including cognition, memory, or reward. Therefore, muscarinic receptors represent potential pharmacological targets for various diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, addiction, epilepsy, or depression. Muscarinic receptors are allosterically modulated [...] Read more.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in the central nervous system mediate various functions, including cognition, memory, or reward. Therefore, muscarinic receptors represent potential pharmacological targets for various diseases and conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, addiction, epilepsy, or depression. Muscarinic receptors are allosterically modulated by neurosteroids and steroid hormones at physiologically relevant concentrations. In this review, we focus on the modulation of muscarinic receptors by neurosteroids and steroid hormones in the context of diseases and disorders of the central nervous system. Further, we propose the potential use of neuroactive steroids in the development of pharmacotherapeutics for these diseases and conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0)
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18 pages, 4174 KiB  
Review
Allosteric Modulation of Muscarinic Receptors by Cholesterol, Neurosteroids and Neuroactive Steroids
by Ewa Szczurowska, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Alena Randáková, Jan Jakubík and Eva Kudova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(21), 13075; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232113075 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3565
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are membrane receptors involved in many physiological processes. Malfunction of muscarinic signaling is a cause of various internal diseases, as well as psychiatric and neurologic conditions. Cholesterol, neurosteroids, neuroactive steroids, and steroid hormones are molecules of steroid origin that, besides [...] Read more.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are membrane receptors involved in many physiological processes. Malfunction of muscarinic signaling is a cause of various internal diseases, as well as psychiatric and neurologic conditions. Cholesterol, neurosteroids, neuroactive steroids, and steroid hormones are molecules of steroid origin that, besides having well-known genomic effects, also modulate membrane proteins including muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Here, we review current knowledge on the allosteric modulation of muscarinic receptors by these steroids. We give a perspective on the research on the non-genomic effects of steroidal compounds on muscarinic receptors and drug development, with an aim to ultimately exploit such knowledge. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Steroids and Lipophilic Hormones, and Their Actions 3.0)
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