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Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability
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Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2021) | Viewed by 20647

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sina Rezaei Gomari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Tees Valley, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
Interests: production planning; production management; optimization; oil and gas reservior simulation; chemical engineering; energy sustainability; operations management; CO2 capture and storage; adsorption; offshore technology; hydrogen production
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kayvan Pazouki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
Interests: sustainable shipping; ballast water management systems; ship performance and emission prediction; life cycle assessment for marine engineering systems and alternative fuels, including biofuels and propulsion system arrangements, such as fuel cells; shipping environmental index and incentives
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

About two thirds of our planet is covered in water, which means the future of sustainable energy depends on the enhancement of maritime renewable resources. The generation of energy from offshore resources ranges from wind power, hydro power, hydrogen, geothermal, to fossil fuels. Although the latter is not considered a sustainable resource, it can currently be considered as a prime source of energy for all other sustainable offshore resources. This Special Issue intends to address the evolution of offshore technology ‘now and then’ for sustainable energy for generations to come. We are looking for papers dealing with technical and disruptive solutions enhancing effective, safe, environmental friendly energy generations from offshore resources, like offshore oil and gas production with minimum disposal, unmanned operation, integrated hydrogen production with wind farm, marine transportation, and conversion of existing depleted oil and gas wells/reserviors for geothermal heat generation, CO2 storage and sequestration.

Dr. Sina Rezaei Gomari
Dr. Kayvan Pazouki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Distruptive offshore technology
  • sustainable energy
  • optimised oil and gas production
  • CCS
  • Integerated Hydrogen production with wind farm
  • Sustainable Maritime Transporation system

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2936 KiB  
Article
Physio-Chemical and Mineralogical Characteristics of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Sediments of the Kerala-Konkan, Krishna-Godavari, and Mahanadi Basins
by Anupama Kumari, Chandrajit Balomajumder, Amit Arora, Gaurav Dixit and Sina Rezaei Gomari
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(8), 808; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080808 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2718
Abstract
The characteristics of the hydrate-bearing sediments affect the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate in sediments. The mineral composition, their dispersion, and chemical composition of hydrate-bearing sediment samples plays a dominant role in the hydrate stability condition and its economic development. In this [...] Read more.
The characteristics of the hydrate-bearing sediments affect the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate in sediments. The mineral composition, their dispersion, and chemical composition of hydrate-bearing sediment samples plays a dominant role in the hydrate stability condition and its economic development. In this paper, the physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediment of India are compared with each other. The sediment samples are taken from the Krishan-Godavari basin (Depth—127.5 and 203.2 mbsf), Mahanadi basin (Depth—217.4 mbsf), and Kerala-Konkan basin (Depth—217.4 mbsf). The saturation of the gas hydrate observed at these sites is between 3 and 50%. Particle size is an important parameter of the sediments because it provides information on the transportation and deposition of sediment and the deposition history. In the present study, we investigated the mineralogy of hydrate-bearing sediments by chemical analysis and X-ray Diffraction. XRD, FTIR, and Raman Spectroscopy distinguished the mineralogical behavior of sediments. Quartz is the main mineral (66.8% approx.) observed in the gas hydrate-bearing sediments. The specific surface area was higher for the sediment sample from the Mahanadi basin, representing the sediments’ dissipation degree. This characterization will give important information for the possible recovery of gas from Indian hydrate reservoirs by controlling the behavior of host sediment. SEM analysis shows the morphology of the sediments, which can affect the mechanical properties of the hydrate-bearing sediments. These properties can become the main parameters to consider for the design of suitable and economic dissociation techniques for gas hydrates formed in sediments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability)
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25 pages, 13496 KiB  
Article
Performance of an Advanced Intelligent Control Strategy in a Dynamic Positioning (DP) System Applied to a Semisubmersible Drilling Platform
by Mohamad Alremeihi, Rosemary Norman, Kayvan Pazouki, Arun Dev and Musa Bashir
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(4), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040399 - 9 Apr 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2711
Abstract
Oil drilling and extraction platforms are currently being used in many offshore areas around the world. Whilst those operating in shallow seas are secured to the seabed, for deeper water operations, Dynamic Positioning (DP) is essential for the platforms to maintain their position [...] Read more.
Oil drilling and extraction platforms are currently being used in many offshore areas around the world. Whilst those operating in shallow seas are secured to the seabed, for deeper water operations, Dynamic Positioning (DP) is essential for the platforms to maintain their position within a safe zone. Operating DP requires intelligent and reliable control systems. Nearly all DP accidents have been caused by a combination of technical and human failures; however, according to the International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA) DP Incidents Analysis, DP control and thruster system failures have been the leading causes of incidents over the last ten years. This paper will investigate potential operational improvements for DP system accuracy by adding a Predictive Neural Network (PNN) control algorithm in the thruster allocation along with a nonlinear Proportional Integral derivative (PID) motion control system. A DP system’s performance on a drilling platform in oil and gas deep-water fields and subject to real weather conditions is simulated with these advanced control methods. The techniques are developed for enhancing the safety and reliability of DP operations to improve the positioning accuracy, which may allow faster response to a critical situation during DP drilling operations. The semisubmersible drilling platform’s simulation results using the PNN strategy show improved control of the platform’s positioning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability)
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18 pages, 3587 KiB  
Article
Declines in EROI of Main Fuels and the Implications on Developing LNG as a Marine Fuel
by Mohammad Vaferi, Kayvan Pazouki and Arjen Van Klink
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(9), 719; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090719 - 16 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3633
Abstract
This article proposes an analytical model for a conversion from Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) to Liquide Natural Gas(LNG) dual-fuel engine in a fleet with three sizes of vessels in order to investigate the impact of the volatility of oil prices, and a declining [...] Read more.
This article proposes an analytical model for a conversion from Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) to Liquide Natural Gas(LNG) dual-fuel engine in a fleet with three sizes of vessels in order to investigate the impact of the volatility of oil prices, and a declining Energy Return on Investment (EROI) on opting LNG as a reliable marine fuel. This study also attempts to echo the importance of looking through a new window to the process of energy opting in the maritime industries to comply with International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations. With giving this awareness to the maritime society the new investment can be directed to resources that effectively keep the maritime economy growing and can also help build a sustainable future. In order to find the best answer, we need to seek alternative solutions that will sustain shipping’s competitive edge. In the first phase, the impact of a declining EROI gas is investigated. Then, in the second phase, to be able to find an optimal area to run the vessels, we apply the Computerized Engine Application System (CEAS) in order to predict the engine performance of different container vessels and outlined fuel consumption in various market and technical situations. Since the process found is a non-linear system, this paper attempts to investigate the ongoing trend of the EROI of LNG in applying a Net Present Value (NPV) as a simulation method in order to observe the system to which technical variables or legal frameworks is more sensitive. In the following order, we first characterise the uncertainty faced by policy-makers and complexity dynamics implications for investment decision-makers and technology adoption. The practical relevance here of the proposed applied methodology is subsequently discussed in reference to four scenarios relating to the above areas and introduces the most beneficial area between different vital variables and constraints. It is applicable for the management of cascading uncertainties and the cross-sectoral impact by introducing the most beneficial area between various vital variables and constraints; including LNG prices, Capital Expenditure (Capex), Operating Expenditure(Opex) and time of enforcement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability)
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Review

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61 pages, 10288 KiB  
Review
Mathematical Modelling of Bonded Marine Hoses for Single Point Mooring (SPM) Systems, with Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) Buoy Application—A Review
by Chiemela Victor Amaechi, Facheng Wang and Jianqiao Ye
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9(11), 1179; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111179 - 26 Oct 2021
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 10548
Abstract
The application of mathematical analysis has been an essential tool applied on Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) buoys, Wave Energy Converters (WEC), point absorber buoys, and various single point mooring (SPM) systems. This enables having mathematical models for bonded marine hoses on SPM [...] Read more.
The application of mathematical analysis has been an essential tool applied on Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) buoys, Wave Energy Converters (WEC), point absorber buoys, and various single point mooring (SPM) systems. This enables having mathematical models for bonded marine hoses on SPM systems with application with CALM buoys, which are obviously a requisite for the techno-economic design and operation of these floating structures. Hose models (HM) and mooring models (MM) are utilized on a variety of applications such as SPARs, Semisubmersibles, WECs and CALM buoys. CALM buoys are an application of SPM systems. The goal of this review is to address the subject of marine hoses from mathematical modeling and operational views. To correctly reproduce the behavior of bonded marine hoses, including nonlinear dynamics, and to study their performance, accurate mathematical models are required. The paper gives an overview of the statics and dynamics of offshore/marine hoses. The reviews on marine hose behavior are conducted based on theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations. The review also covers challenges encountered in hose installation, connection, and hang-off operations. State-of-the-art, developments and recent innovations in mooring applications for SURP (subsea umbilicals, risers, and pipelines) are presented. Finally, this study details the relevant materials that are utilized in hoses and mooring implementations. Some conclusions and recommendations are presented based on this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evolution of Offshore Technology for Energy Sustainability)
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