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Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology
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Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanisms of Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2023) | Viewed by 10656

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonio De Leo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna-Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Azienda USL di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
2. Division of Molecular Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
Interests: endocrine pathology; molecular pathology; immunohistochemistry; gynecologic pathology; oncology; rare tumors; rare diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Donatella Santini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
Interests: gynecological pathology; oncology; molecular pathology; breast cancer; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Precision oncology represents a new frontier of targeting treatment for our patients. In the field of gynecologic oncology, recent biological, pathological and molecular advances are revolutionizing diagnostic and therapeutic management. Molecular characterization of gynecologic cancers has brought significant changes with respect to classification and introduction of targeted therapies.

This Special Issue aims to collect studies related to recent discoveries in the field of gynecologic oncology concerning the clinical, pathological and molecular integration in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic cancers.

Dr. Antonio De Leo
Dr. Donatella Santini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecologic oncology
  • molecular pathology
  • pathology
  • ovarian cancer
  • endometrial cancer
  • sarcoma
  • rare tumors

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 280 KiB  
Article
Classical Prognostic Factors Predict Prognosis Better than Inflammatory Indices in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: Results of a Comprehensive Observational Study including Tumor-, Patient-, and Treatment-Related Data (ESTHER Study)
by Martina Ferioli, Anna Benini, Claudio Malizia, Ludovica Forlani, Federica Medici, Viola Laghi, Johnny Ma, Andrea Galuppi, Savino Cilla, Milly Buwenge, Gabriella Macchia, Claudio Zamagni, Luca Tagliaferri, Anna Myriam Perrone, Pierandrea De Iaco, Lidia Strigari, Alessio Giuseppe Morganti and Alessandra Arcelli
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(8), 1229; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13081229 - 3 Aug 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1667
Abstract
Systemic inflammation indices were found to be correlated with therapeutic outcome in several cancers. This study retrospectively analyzes the predictive role of a broad range of systemic inflammatory markers in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) including patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related potential [...] Read more.
Systemic inflammation indices were found to be correlated with therapeutic outcome in several cancers. This study retrospectively analyzes the predictive role of a broad range of systemic inflammatory markers in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) including patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related potential prognostic factors. All patients underwent definitive chemoradiation and pretreatment values of several inflammatory indices (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio, monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index (SII), leukocyte/lymphocyte ratio, combination of platelet count and NLR, aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index, aspartate aminotransferase/lymphocyte ratio index, systemic inflammatory response index, and aspartate transaminase/neutrophil ratio index) were calculated. Their correlation with local control (LC), distant metastasis-free (DMFS), disease-free (DFS), and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. One hundred and seventy-three patients were included. At multivariable analysis significant correlations were recorded among clinical outcomes and older age, advanced FIGO stage, lower hemoglobin levels, larger tumor size, and higher body mass index values. The multivariate analysis showed only the significant correlation between higher SII values and lower DMFS rates (p < 0.01). Our analysis showed no significant correlation between indices and DSF or OS. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of inflammation indices as candidates for inclusion in predictive models in this clinical setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology)
15 pages, 4560 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Impact of Pathologic Features in Molecular Subgroups of Endometrial Carcinoma
by Martina Ruscelli, Thais Maloberti, Angelo Gianluca Corradini, Francesca Rosini, Giulia Querzoli, Marco Grillini, Annalisa Altimari, Elisa Gruppioni, Viviana Sanza, Alessia Costantino, Riccardo Ciudino, Matteo Errani, Alessia Papapietro, Sara Coluccelli, Daniela Turchetti, Martina Ferioli, Susanna Giunchi, Giulia Dondi, Marco Tesei, Gloria Ravegnini, Francesca Abbati, Daniela Rubino, Claudio Zamagni, Emanuela D’Angelo, Pierandrea De Iaco, Donatella Santini, Claudio Ceccarelli, Anna Myriam Perrone, Giovanni Tallini, Dario de Biase and Antonio De Leoadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(5), 723; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13050723 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2443
Abstract
The molecular characterization of endometrial carcinoma (EC) has recently been included in the ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines. The study aims to evaluate the impact of integrated molecular and pathologic risk stratification in the clinical practice and the relevance of pathologic parameters in predicting prognosis in [...] Read more.
The molecular characterization of endometrial carcinoma (EC) has recently been included in the ESGO/ESTRO/ESP guidelines. The study aims to evaluate the impact of integrated molecular and pathologic risk stratification in the clinical practice and the relevance of pathologic parameters in predicting prognosis in each EC molecular subgroup. ECs were classified using immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing into the four molecular classes: POLE mutant (POLE), mismatch repair deficient (MMRd), p53 mutant (p53abn), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP). According to the WHO algorithm, 219 ECs were subdivided into the following molecular subgroups: 7.8% POLE, 31% MMRd, 21% p53abn, 40.2% NSMP. Molecular classes as well as ESGO/ESTRO/ESP 2020 risk groups were statistically correlated with disease-free survival. Considering the impact of histopathologic features in each molecular class, stage was found to be the strongest prognostic factor in MMRd ECs, whereas in the p53abn subgroup, only lymph node status was associated with recurrent disease. Interestingly, in the NSMP tumor, several histopathologic features were correlated with recurrence: histotype, grade, stage, tumor necrosis, and substantial lymphovascular space invasion. Considering early-stage NSMP ECs, substantial lymphovascular space invasion was the only independent prognostic factor. Our study supports the prognostic importance of EC molecular classification and demonstrated the essential role of histopathologic assessment in patients’ management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology)
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10 pages, 817 KiB  
Article
Clinical Outcomes of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Oligometastatic Patients with Lymph Node Metastases from Gynecological Cancers
by Giuseppe Facondo, Gianluca Vullo, Vitaliana De Sanctis, Margherita Rotondi, Riccardo Carlo Sigillo, Maurizio Valeriani and Mattia Falchetto Osti
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(2), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020229 - 27 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2764
Abstract
Background: To evaluate clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a local treatment for lymph node metastases from gynecological cancers. Methods: Between November 2007 and October 2021, we retrospectively analyzed 29 lymph node metastases in 22 oligometastatic/oligoprogressive patients treated with SBRT. [...] Read more.
Background: To evaluate clinical outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as a local treatment for lymph node metastases from gynecological cancers. Methods: Between November 2007 and October 2021, we retrospectively analyzed 29 lymph node metastases in 22 oligometastatic/oligoprogressive patients treated with SBRT. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the rates survival. Univariate analysis for prognostic factors were performed with the log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). Results: Median age was 62 years (IQR, 50–80 years). Median follow-up was 17 months (IQR 10.5–31 months). The median survival was 22 months (CI 95%: 4.2–39.7, IQR: 12.5–34.5 months). Six months, one year and two year overall survival (OS) were 96.6%, 85.2%, and 48.7%, respectively. Median local control (LC) was not reached. Six months, 1one year and 2 year were 93.1%, 87.9%, and 79.9%, respectively. Distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) at one year, and two year was 53% and 37.1%, respectively Four patients (18%) experienced acute G1–G2 toxicities. No G3–4 acute toxicity was reported, and no late toxicity was observed. Conclusions: SBRT for lymph node recurrence offers excellent in-field tumor control with safe profile and low toxicities. Size, number of oligometastases, and time primary tumor to RT seem to be significant prognostic factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology)
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Review

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10 pages, 756 KiB  
Review
What Role do Androgens Play in Endometrial Cancer?
by Petra Maček, Nikolaus Molinari, Monika Sobočan and Jure Knez
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(2), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020341 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3312
Abstract
The role of estrogens and progesterone in the development and progression of endometrial cancer is well-established, but there are very little data about the role of androgens. There are five different androgens produced in women: dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (A4 [...] Read more.
The role of estrogens and progesterone in the development and progression of endometrial cancer is well-established, but there are very little data about the role of androgens. There are five different androgens produced in women: dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The most potent hormones are T and DHT, the latter being mainly produced from T in peripheral tissues, including endometrium. Although they are considered to exert antiproliferative effects in many settings and the expression of their receptors is more often associated with a good prognosis in EC, it is still unknown in which specific settings androgens have carcinogenic or protective effects in EC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Approaches Research into the Pathology and Treatment of Gynecologic Oncology)
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