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Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd...
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Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 5593

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Grigorios Tsigkas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rion-Patras, Greece
Interests: coronary artery disease; platelets; anticoagulation therapy; acute coronary syndromes; radial access for coronary interventions-snuffbox access; primary prevention
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Anastasios Apostolos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rion-Patras, Greece
2. First Department of Cardiology, Hippocration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: coronary artery disease; percutaneous coronary interventions; intravascular imaging; acute coronary syndromes; antiplatelets; structural heart diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first edition of this Special Issue was a great success (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/life/special_issues/O56B7LF2BW). Now, we invite you to be published in the second edition.

Cardiovascular science is developing rapidly; new diagnostic approaches, novel pharmaceutical treatments, and current interventional procedures have emerged in recent years. Our aim in this Special Issue is to cover all of the recent advances in cardiovascular medicine, including diagnostic, interventional, and technical aspects. We welcome all types of articles from all areas of cardiovascular medicine. Please feel free to contact us for further information regarding submission.

Dr. Grigorios Tsigkas
Dr. Anastasios Apostolos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiology
  • cardiovascular medicine
  • interventional cardiology

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1111 KiB  
Article
Effect of FluoRoquinolones on Aortic Growth, aortic stIffness and wave refLEctionS (FRAGILES study)
by Vasiliki Gardikioti, Christos Georgakopoulos, Eirini Solomou, Emilia Lazarou, Konstantinos Fasoulakis, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Dimitrios Iliopoulos and Charalambos Vlachopoulos
Life 2024, 14(8), 992; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14080992 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 746
Abstract
Background: The widespread use of fluoroquinolones has been associated with the formation, dissection, and rupture of aortic aneurysms. Arterial biomarkers are established predictors of cardiovascular events. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of quinolones on arterial stiffness and aortic [...] Read more.
Background: The widespread use of fluoroquinolones has been associated with the formation, dissection, and rupture of aortic aneurysms. Arterial biomarkers are established predictors of cardiovascular events. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of quinolones on arterial stiffness and aortic size for the first time. Methods: We studied 28 subjects receiving short-term (<15 days) antibiotic therapy involving quinolones and 27 age- and sex-matched subjects receiving an alternative to quinolone antibiotics. The follow-up period was approximately 2 months. The study’s primary endpoint was the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) difference between the two groups 2 months after therapy initiation. Secondary endpoints were the augmentation index corrected for heart rate (AIx@75) and sonographically assessed aortic diameters 2 months after the initial treatment. Results: Subjects had similar values of arterial biomarkers, blood pressure measurements, and aortic diameters at baseline. At follow-up, no significant change was observed between the two groups regarding the hemodynamic parameters and arterial biomarkers (p > 0.05 for all), i.e., cfPWV (7.9 ± 2.6 m/s for the control group vs. 8.1 ± 2.4 m/s for the fluoroquinolones group; p = 0.79), AIx@75 (22.6 ± 9.0% for the control group vs. 26.6 ± 8.1% for the fluoroquinolones group; p = 0.09), and aortic diameters. Conclusions: To our knowledge, FRAGILES is the first study to provide insights into the possible effects of fluoroquinolones on arterial biomarkers, showing that, at least in the short term, treatment with fluoroquinolones does not affect aortic function and diameter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition)
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10 pages, 780 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Midterm Readmissions and Related Costs after Open and Endovascular Procedures for Aorto-Iliac Occlusive Disease
by Elda Chiara Colacchio, Sabrina Menara, Francesco Squizzato, Michele Piazza, Mirko Menegolo, Franco Grego and Michele Antonello
Life 2024, 14(7), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14070798 - 25 Jun 2024
Viewed by 842
Abstract
Background. Readmissions rates and costs were analysed over follow-up for patients who underwent open or endovascular procedures for aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Methods. Patients who underwent aorto-bifemoral bypass (ABF) or covered kissing stent (CKS) for AIOD from May 2008 to February 2018 were [...] Read more.
Background. Readmissions rates and costs were analysed over follow-up for patients who underwent open or endovascular procedures for aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD). Methods. Patients who underwent aorto-bifemoral bypass (ABF) or covered kissing stent (CKS) for AIOD from May 2008 to February 2018 were compared in terms of readmission rates, related costs expressed in EUR, freedom from generic readmission (FFGR), and freedom from readmission for surgical reasons (FFRS). Results. ABF had a readmission rate of 16% and CKS of 18% (p = 0.999). The most common cause of readmission was prosthesis limb or stent occlusion. Time to readmission was longer for ABF (35 months [21–82] vs. 13.5 months [1–68.7] in the CKS group, p = 0.334). CKS group had higher cumulative re-hospitalisation, ICU stay, and reintervention costs (11569 ± 2216 SEM, 2405 ± 1125, 5264 ± 1230, respectively) and a trend for more readmissions in the first 36 months, without reaching significance. Conclusion. This study reports on a period of time exceeding ninety days. Even if not reaching significance, the CKS group presented a higher trend in readmissions till 36 months and a higher trend in readmission costs, while time-to-readmission was longer in the ABF group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition)
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Review

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14 pages, 293 KiB  
Review
Patent Foramen Ovale Closure in Special Clinical Situations: More Questions Than Answers?
by Anastasios Apostolos, Polyxeni Alexiou, Amalia Papanikolaou, Georgios Trantalis, Maria Drakopoulou, Nikolaos Ktenopoulos, Ioannis Kachrimanidis, Panayotis K. Vlachakis, Ismini Tsakiri, Grigorios Chrysostomidis, Konstantina Aggeli, Costas Tsioufis and Konstantinos Toutouzas
Life 2024, 14(6), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060706 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 1295
Abstract
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a remnant of the foetal circulation resulting from incomplete occlusion of the septum primum and septum secundum. Although prevalent in about 25% of the population, it mainly remains asymptomatic. However, its clinical significance in situations such as cryptogenic [...] Read more.
Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a remnant of the foetal circulation resulting from incomplete occlusion of the septum primum and septum secundum. Although prevalent in about 25% of the population, it mainly remains asymptomatic. However, its clinical significance in situations such as cryptogenic stroke, migraine, and decompression illness (DCI) has been well described. Recent randomised clinical trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of percutaneous PFO closure over pharmacological therapy alone for secondary stroke prevention in carefully selected patients. Notably, these trials have excluded older patients or those with concurrent thrombophilia. Furthermore, the role of closure in other clinical conditions associated with PFO, like decompression sickness (DCS) and migraines, remains under investigation. Our review aims to summarise the existing literature regarding epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, optimal management, and closure indications for these special patient groups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 654 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiome and Its Role in Valvular Heart Disease: Not a “Gutted” Relationship
by Gyanaranjan Nayak, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Nikolaos Pyrpyris, Magdalini Manti, Nikolaos Kamperidis, Vasileios Kamperidis, Antonios Ziakas and Konstantinos Tsioufis
Life 2024, 14(4), 527; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14040527 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1540
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiome (GM) and oral microbiome (OM) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been increasingly being understood in recent years. It is well known that GM is a risk factor for various CVD phenotypes, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart failure and [...] Read more.
The role of the gut microbiome (GM) and oral microbiome (OM) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been increasingly being understood in recent years. It is well known that GM is a risk factor for various CVD phenotypes, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. However, its role in valvular heart disease (VHD) is less well understood. Research shows that, direct, microbe-mediated and indirect, metabolite-mediated damage as a result of gut dysbiosis and environmental factors results in a subclinical, chronic, systemic inflammatory state, which promotes inflammatory cell infiltration in heart valves and subsequently, via pro-inflammatory molecules, initiates a cascade of reaction, resulting in valve calcification, fibrosis and dysfunction. This relationship between GM and VHD adds a pathophysiological link to the pathogenesis of VHD, which can be aimed therapeutically, in order to prevent or regress any risk for valvular pathologies. Therapeutic interventions include dietary modifications and lifestyle interventions, in order to influence environmental factors that can promote gut dysbiosis. Furthermore, the combination of probiotics and prebiotics, as well as fecal m transplantation and targeted treatment with inducers or inhibitors of microbial enzymes have showed promising results in animal and/or clinical studies, with the potential to reduce the inflammatory state and restore the normal gut flora in patients. This review, thus, is going to discuss the pathophysiological links behind the relationship of GM, CVD and VHD, as well as explore the recent data regarding the effect of GM-altering treatment in CVD, cardiac function and systemic inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition)
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Other

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8 pages, 15027 KiB  
Brief Report
Cardiac Computed Tomography Identification of the Septal Vein—A Small Retrospective Study
by Min Ku Chon, Ki Seok Choo and June Hong Kim
Life 2024, 14(6), 748; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14060748 - 12 Jun 2024
Viewed by 709
Abstract
Background: The advancement of medical interventions towards minimally invasive procedures highlights the crucial role of precise pre-procedural evaluation, particularly in catheter-based treatments for heart and cardiovascular conditions. This study investigates innovative techniques such as mitral loop cerclage (MLC) and transcatheter intramyocardial radiofrequency ablation [...] Read more.
Background: The advancement of medical interventions towards minimally invasive procedures highlights the crucial role of precise pre-procedural evaluation, particularly in catheter-based treatments for heart and cardiovascular conditions. This study investigates innovative techniques such as mitral loop cerclage (MLC) and transcatheter intramyocardial radiofrequency ablation (TIRA), emphasizing the importance of preprocedural cardiac CT scans for accurate anatomical guidance in these emerging therapies. Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess the cardiac cycle through examination of the proximal septal vein (ps) for mitral loop cerclage and the distal septal vein (ds) for transcatheter intramyocardial radiofrequency ablation. Materials and Methods: Forty patients (mean age 59.4 ± 14.7 years) undergoing third-generation dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) for chest pain evaluation were enrolled. CT scans, utilizing dual-energy CT (DECT) with iopamidol and saline, encompassed the carina to the heart base. A noise-optimized linear blended image was reconstructed at 10% intervals throughout the cardiac cycle, and the presence of ps and ds in each phase was noted by two radiologists. Results: This study identified ps in 62.5% and ds in 72.5% of patients, with both present in 45% of cases. The observation of septal veins occurred more frequently in the sequence of 70, 60, 40, 80, 30, 20, and 10% for ps, and 60, 70, 40, 80, 30, 90, 20, and 10% for ds, respectively. Conclusions: DECT in cardiac imaging is instrumental in assessing septal vein frequency. The 70% phase is optimal for MLC, while the 60% phase is preferred for TIRA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Updates in Cardiovascular Medicine: Diagnosis, Treatment and Technical Aspects: 2nd Edition)
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