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Life
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Gender-Specific Medicine and Pharmacology
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Gender-Specific Medicine and Pharmacology

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 9334

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Silvia De Francia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biological and Clinical Sciences, University of Turin, S. Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Turin, Italy
Interests: pharmacology; sex and gender medicine; pharmacokinetics; pharmacodynamics; pharmacogenomics; personalized therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite the high scientific value of many papers focused on gender medicine, the specific guidelines of different clinical fields have not yet introduced the gender component, neither in the management of the pathology process, nor in the training of the health workers. The gender factor entered forcefully in the Covid-19 health crisis. This pathology mainly affected men, with a worse symptomatology and a general exacerbation of their health conditions. The supranational organizations (Agenda 2030) recently requested that nations report gender-disaggregated clinical data related to incidence and mortality from Covid-19. However, to date, most clinical specialists still continue to analyze data by reporting the results as a whole, without any categorization.

This Special Issue arises from the need for a gendered approach, both in the clinical setting and in therapeutic regimens, sharing results from clinical and preclinical studies.

Original research articles, reviews, and short reports on various aspects of gender-specific medicine (cardiology, pneumology, endocrinology, oncology, dermatology, infectious disease, geriatrics and aging, gastroenterology, and neurology) and pharmacology (clinical and preclinical studies) are welcome, in order to create interdisciplinary consensus from a gender perspective.

Dr. Silvia De Francia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gender-specific medicine
  • tailored approach
  • sex
  • gender

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1370 KiB  
Article
Sex Differences on Mitotane Concentration and Treatment Outcome in Patients with Adrenocortical Carcinoma
by Sarah Allegra, Soraya Puglisi, Irene Brescia, Francesco Chiara, Vittoria Basile, Anna Calabrese, Giuseppe Reimondo and Silvia De Francia
Life 2021, 11(3), 266; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11030266 - 23 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2553
Abstract
(1) Background: In clinical settings, data regarding sex are rarely investigated. In women, factors such as body size and composition, hormonal variations, metabolism, and access to care systems and therapy could strongly influence the pharmacological management and the outcome of the therapy. To [...] Read more.
(1) Background: In clinical settings, data regarding sex are rarely investigated. In women, factors such as body size and composition, hormonal variations, metabolism, and access to care systems and therapy could strongly influence the pharmacological management and the outcome of the therapy. To underline this sex-related difference, we retrospectively collected data from adrenocortical carcinoma patients treated with mitotane, and then evaluated sex-related pharmacokinetics parameters. (2) Methods: A fully validated chromatographic method was used to quantify mitotane concentration in plasma collected from adult patients, also considering the active metabolite ortho,para,dichlorodiphenylethene (o,p′-DDE). Statistical analyses were used to evaluate the sex influence on drugs pharmacokinetics. (3) Results: We found that sex resulted as predictive factor of plasma mitotane and o,p′-DDE concentrations and significantly influenced the attainment of the therapeutic target of mitotane, implying that female sex could be a risk factor of treatment failure. (4) Conclusions: These results suggest that mitotane therapy should be modulated according to patient sex. Furthermore, the proposed approach could contribute to facilitating and disseminating sex-specific pharmacology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gender-Specific Medicine and Pharmacology)
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9 pages, 265 KiB  
Article
Do Sex-Related Differences of Comorbidity Burden and/or In-Hospital Mortality Exist in Cancer Patients? A Retrospective Study in an Internal Medicine Setting
by Alfredo De Giorgi, Fabio Fabbian, Rosaria Cappadona, Ruana Tiseo, Christian Molino, Elisa Misurati, Edoardo Gambuti, Caterina Savriè, Benedetta Boari, Valeria Raparelli and Roberto Manfredini
Life 2021, 11(3), 261; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11030261 - 22 Mar 2021
Viewed by 2107
Abstract
Cancer represents important comorbidity, and data on outcomes are usually derived from selected oncologic units. Our aim was to evaluate possible sex-related differences and factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) in a consecutive cohort of elderly patients with cancer admitted to internal medicine. [...] Read more.
Cancer represents important comorbidity, and data on outcomes are usually derived from selected oncologic units. Our aim was to evaluate possible sex-related differences and factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) in a consecutive cohort of elderly patients with cancer admitted to internal medicine. We included all patients admitted to our department with a diagnosis of cancer during 2018. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification, demography, comorbidity burden, and diagnostic procedures were evaluated, with IHM as our outcome. We evaluated 955 subjects with cancer (23.9% of total hospital admissions), 42.9% were males, and the mean age was 76.4 ± 11.4 years. Metastatic cancer was diagnosed in 18.2%. The deceased group had a higher modified Elixhauser Index (17.6 ± 7.7 vs. 14 ± 7.3, p < 0.001), prevalence of cachexia (17.9% vs. 7.2%, p < 0.001), and presence of metastasis (27.8% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.001) than survivors. Females had a higher age (77.4 ± 11.4 vs. 75.5 ± 11.4, p = 0.013), and lower comorbidity (10.2 ± 5.9 vs. 12.0 ± 5.6, p < 0.001) than males. IHM was not significantly different among sex groups, but it was independently associated with cachexia and metastasis only in women. Comorbidities are highly prevalent in patients with cancer admitted to the internal medicine setting and are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, especially in female elderly patients with advanced disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gender-Specific Medicine and Pharmacology)

Review

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15 pages, 488 KiB  
Review
Human Umbilical Cord: Information Mine in Sex-Specific Medicine
by Ilaria Campesi, Flavia Franconi, Andrea Montella, Salvatore Dessole and Giampiero Capobianco
Life 2021, 11(1), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/life11010052 - 13 Jan 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3758
Abstract
Biological differences between sexes should be considered in all stages of research, as sexual dimorphism starts in utero leading to sex-specific fetal programming. In numerous biomedical fields, there is still a lack of stratification by sex despite primary cultured cells retaining memory of [...] Read more.
Biological differences between sexes should be considered in all stages of research, as sexual dimorphism starts in utero leading to sex-specific fetal programming. In numerous biomedical fields, there is still a lack of stratification by sex despite primary cultured cells retaining memory of the sex and of the donor. The sex of donors in biological research must be known because variations in cells and cellular components can be used as endpoints, biomarkers and/or targets of pharmacological studies. This selective review focuses on the current findings regarding sex differences observed in the umbilical cord, a widely used source of research samples, both in the blood and in the circulating cells, as well as in the different cellular models obtainable from it. Moreover, an overview on sex differences in fetal programming is reported. As it emerges that the sex variable is still often forgotten in experimental models, we suggest that it should be mandatory to adopt sex-oriented research, because only awareness of these issues can lead to innovative research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gender-Specific Medicine and Pharmacology)
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