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Life
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Plant Hormone Functions in Metabolism and Development
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Plant Hormone Functions in Metabolism and Development

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 June 2022) | Viewed by 7272

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chizuko Yamamuro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University-University of California, Riverside, Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: plant hormone functions; fruit development; cell biology; molecular biology
Prof. Dr. Masahiko Furutani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: plant growth and development; morphogenesis; molecular biology; cell biology; genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant hormones, alone or in combination with other plant hormones, coordinate biological process in plants. In 1880, Darwin and his son suggested the existence of auxin, a phytohormone, through their plant phototropism experiments. Biochemical and physiological studies have since identified bioactive small molecules that regulate plant growth and development as “plant hormones”. The last few decades have witnessed huge progress in understanding the molecular basis of hormone action by genetic analyses using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, such as in biosynthesis, signaling pathways, and transport systems. Recently, this molecular knowledge has begun to be used to understand the diversity of plant growth and development in various plant species. Progress in this research has led to a new chapter of understanding the role of plant hormones in controlling their unique morphology, with novel roles in specialized growth and development in the wide range of various plant species on Earth. In addition, some primary and secondary metabolites (in some cases, breakdown products) have recently been reported to play roles in hormone-regulated plant growth and development. These findings expand the framework of plant hormones and their role.

We propose that plant hormone research has great potential to be developed into a key research area that provide connections between different major research fields, such as metabolism, development, and biodiversity and evolution. The studies on a wide of range of organisms with various developmental processes and metabolic pathways have made great contributions to the history of plant hormone research. We expect that the latest advances in genome research will further strengthen this trend.

For this Special Issue, we are seeking research and review papers about plant hormone research that mainly focus on metabolism and development in broad species of plants and other organisms.

Prof. Dr. Chizuko Yamamuro
Prof. Dr. Masahiko Furutani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hormone signaling and network integration
  • hormone biosynthesis and transport
  • hormonal regulation of plant morphogenesis
  • primary and secondary metabolism
  • hormone-mediated plant interactions with other organisms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 6507 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Phytohormone Profiling of Kohlrabi during In Vitro Growth and Regeneration: The Interplay with Cytokinin and Sucrose
by Tatjana Ćosić, Václav Motyka, Martin Raspor, Sumbal Sajid, Nina Devrnja, Petre I. Dobrev and Slavica Ninković
Life 2022, 12(10), 1585; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101585 - 12 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1999
Abstract
The establishment of an efficient protocol for in vitro growth and regeneration of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) allowed us to closely examine the phytohormone profiles of kohlrabi seedlings at four growth stages (T1–T4), additionally including the effects of cytokinins (CKs)— [...] Read more.
The establishment of an efficient protocol for in vitro growth and regeneration of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) allowed us to closely examine the phytohormone profiles of kohlrabi seedlings at four growth stages (T1–T4), additionally including the effects of cytokinins (CKs)—trans-zeatin (transZ) and thidiazuron (TDZ)—and high sucrose concentrations (6% and 9%). Resulting phytohormone profiles showed complex time-course patterns. At the T2 stage of control kohlrabi plantlets (with two emerged true leaves), levels of endogenous CK free bases and gibberellin GA20 increased, while increases in jasmonic acid (JA), JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-acetamide (IAM) peaked later, at T3. At the same time, the content of most of the analyzed IAA metabolites decreased. Supplementing growth media with CK induced de novo formation of shoots, while both CK and sucrose treatments caused important changes in most of the phytohormone groups at each developmental stage, compared to control. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that sucrose treatment, especially at 9%, had a stronger effect on the content of endogenous hormones than CK treatments. Correlation analysis showed that the dynamic balance between the levels of certain bioactive phytohormone forms and some of their metabolites could be lost or reversed at particular growth stages and under certain CK or sucrose treatments, with correlation values changing between strongly positive and strongly negative. Our results indicate that the kohlrabi phytohormonome is a highly dynamic system that changes greatly along the developmental time scale and also during de novo shoot formation, depending on exogenous factors such as the presence of growth regulators and different sucrose concentrations in the growth media, and that it interacts intensively with these factors to facilitate certain responses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Hormone Functions in Metabolism and Development)
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28 pages, 6434 KiB  
Article
The Application of Auxin-like Compounds Promotes Cold Acclimation in the Oilseed Rape Plant
by Jurga Jankauskienė, Rima Mockevičiūtė, Virgilija Gavelienė, Sigita Jurkonienė and Nijolė Anisimovienė
Life 2022, 12(8), 1283; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081283 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1951
Abstract
Cold is a major environmental key factor influencing plant growth, development, and productivity. Responses and adaption processes depend on plant physiological and biochemical modifications, first of all via the hormonal system. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays a critical role in the processes of plant [...] Read more.
Cold is a major environmental key factor influencing plant growth, development, and productivity. Responses and adaption processes depend on plant physiological and biochemical modifications, first of all via the hormonal system. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays a critical role in the processes of plant functioning. To assess the influence of the auxin-like compounds 1-[2-chloroethoxycarbonylmethyl]-4-naphthalenesulfonic acid calcium salt (TA-12) and 1-[2-dimethylaminoethoxycarbonylmethyl]naphthalene chloromethylate (TA-14) in the process of cold acclimation, long-term field trials over four years were performed with two rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plant cultivars with different wintering resistance in temperate-zone countries. In these two rapeseed cultivars, namely ‘Casino’ (less resistant) and ‘Valesca’ (more resistant), investigations were conducted in the terminal buds and root collars. The application of auxin-like compounds revealed a close interlinkage between the composition of dehydrins and the participation of the phytohormone IAA in the adaptation processes. By applying TA-12 and TA-14, the importance of the proteins, especially the composition of the dehydrins, the IAA amount, and the status of the oilseed rape cultivars at the end of the cold acclimation period were confirmed. Following on from this, when introducing oilseed rape cultivars from foreign countries, it may also be of value to assess their suitability for cultivation in temperate-zone countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Hormone Functions in Metabolism and Development)
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Review

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13 pages, 1289 KiB  
Review
New Wine in an Old Bottle: Utilizing Chemical Genetics to Dissect Apical Hook Development
by Yalikunjiang Aizezi, Yinpeng Xie, Hongwei Guo and Kai Jiang
Life 2022, 12(8), 1285; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12081285 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2287
Abstract
The apical hook is formed by dicot seedlings to protect the tender shoot apical meristem during soil emergence. Regulated by many phytohormones, the apical hook has been taken as a model to study the crosstalk between individual signaling pathways. Over recent decades, the [...] Read more.
The apical hook is formed by dicot seedlings to protect the tender shoot apical meristem during soil emergence. Regulated by many phytohormones, the apical hook has been taken as a model to study the crosstalk between individual signaling pathways. Over recent decades, the roles of different phytohormones and environmental signals in apical hook development have been illustrated. However, key regulators downstream of canonical hormone signaling have rarely been identified via classical genetics screening, possibly due to genetic redundancy and/or lethal mutation. Chemical genetics that utilize small molecules to perturb and elucidate biological processes could provide a complementary strategy to overcome the limitations in classical genetics. In this review, we summarize current progress in hormonal regulation of the apical hook, and previously reported chemical tools that could assist the understanding of this complex developmental process. We also provide insight into novel strategies for chemical screening and target identification, which could possibly lead to discoveries of new regulatory components in apical hook development, or unidentified signaling crosstalk that is overlooked by classical genetics screening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Hormone Functions in Metabolism and Development)
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