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Advances in Implantable Biomaterials: Design, Mechanical Properties and Applications
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Advances in Implantable Biomaterials: Design, Mechanical Properties and Applications

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 6252

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Paolo Capparè

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
Interests: oral surgery; dental implantology; digital dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of the present Special Issue is to represent the state-of-the-art of implantable biomaterials with particular regards to the oral ones.

In recent years, dental implants have seen a significant improvement in both their micromorphology and micromorphology.

In terms of micromorphology, innovative bone-to-implant surfaces with different roughness and biomechanical properties have been proposed.

In the same way, for macromorphology, a number of studies have reported different results according to many implant–abutment connections (conical, inner and external hexagon) and the different shapes of fixture and abutments.

The current research is focused on developing simpler solutions to treat a wider population of patients, including systemic ones (cardiopathic, diabetes, etc.)

At the same time, digital dentistry is proposing new protocols to standardize different technical steps, using innovative materials in both prosthodontics and implantology.

Another fundamental point is the maintenance of implantable devices, which, in the oral cavity, demonstrate a decreased rate of peri-implantitis and mucositis, through professional hygiene protocols, as well as with innovative techniques (e.g., laser).

Papers covering the above topics are welcome, to improve the success of implantable materials in healthy patients, as well as elderly and systemic ones.

Dr. Paolo Capparè
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental implant
  • prosthodontics
  • oral hygiene
  • diabetes
  • cardiovascular disease
  • digital dentistry

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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9 pages, 564 KiB  
Communication
Higher Risk of Reoperation after Total Knee Arthroplasty in Young and Elderly Patients
by Albert T. Anastasio, Billy I. Kim, Niall H. Cochrane, Elshaday Belay, Michael P. Bolognesi, Grayson M. Talaski and Sean P. Ryan
Materials 2023, 16(21), 7012; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16217012 - 2 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1211
Abstract
As outcomes and survivorship improve, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has expanded into broader age groups. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of age on TKA outcomes using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2015 to 2020. [...] Read more.
As outcomes and survivorship improve, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has expanded into broader age groups. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of age on TKA outcomes using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2015 to 2020. Patients were categorized into young (40–49 years), middle (50–79 years), and elderly (80–89 years) groups. Findings reveal notable differences across age groups. The young cohort had the highest BMI, smoking incidence, and steroid use, while the elderly group exhibited a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Young patients experienced shorter hospital stays (p < 0.001) but longer operative times (p < 0.001), and outpatient surgery was most common in the middle age group. Multivariable regression demonstrated that the elderly group faced increased risks of pneumonia (p < 0.001), acute renal failure (p < 0.001), stroke (p < 0.001), cardiac arrest (p < 0.001), and transfusions (p < 0.001), while both young and elderly patients had higher 30-day reoperation risks (youngest cohort, 1.4% and elderly cohort 1.3% (p < 0.001)). In summary, elderly patients undergoing TKA are at the highest risk for medical complications, while young patients are more likely to undergo inpatient surgery, experience reoperations, and have longer operative times. This study underscores the importance of age-specific counseling for TKA patients and contributes valuable insights into the evolving landscape of knee replacement surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Implantable Biomaterials: Design, Mechanical Properties and Applications)
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15 pages, 4937 KiB  
Article
SEM Evaluation of the Marginal Accuracy of Zirconia, Lithium Disilicate, and Composite Single Crowns Created by CAD/CAM Method: Comparative Analysis of Different Materials
by Francesco Ferrini, Gaetano Paolone, Giovanna Laura Di Domenico, Nicolò Pagani and Enrico Felice Gherlone
Materials 2023, 16(6), 2413; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16062413 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3233
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this in vitro study is to evaluate the marginal accuracy of crowns created by CAD/CAM. (2) Methods: A customized chrome-cobalt (Cr-Co) implant abutment simulating a maxillary right first molar was fixed in a hemi-maxillary stone model and scanned. [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The objective of this in vitro study is to evaluate the marginal accuracy of crowns created by CAD/CAM. (2) Methods: A customized chrome-cobalt (Cr-Co) implant abutment simulating a maxillary right first molar was fixed in a hemi-maxillary stone model and scanned. In total, 27 crowns were fabricated, including 9 lithium disilicate crowns, 9 composite crowns, and 9 zirconia crowns. The measurements were determined by scanning electron microscopy. Descriptive analysis was performed using the mean and standard deviation, while the Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to determine whether the marginal discrepancies were significantly different between each group (p < 0.05). (3) Results: The lowest marginal gap value was reported for zirconia (21.45 ± 12.58 µm), followed by composite (44.7 ± 24.96 µm) and lithium disilicate (62.28 ± 51.8 µm). The Kruskal–Wallis tests revealed a statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.05) in the mean marginal gaps between different materials. (4) Conclusions: The proposed digital workflow can be a viable alternative for fixed prosthetic rehabilitations. The best performance in terms of marginal gap was achieved by zirconia crowns, but all three materials demonstrate marginal closure below the clinically accepted threshold value (120 µm). Clinical significance: although significant differences were reported, the investigated CAD/CAM materials showed clinically acceptable marginal gaps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Implantable Biomaterials: Design, Mechanical Properties and Applications)
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11 pages, 561 KiB  
Systematic Review
Evaluating the Biomechanical Integrity of Various Constructs Utilized for First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis: A Systematic Review
by Abhinav R. Balu, Anthony N. Baumann, Terence Tsang, Grayson M. Talaski, Albert T. Anastasio, Kempland C. Walley and Samuel B. Adams
Materials 2023, 16(19), 6562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16196562 - 5 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1360
Abstract
The first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is a frequently loaded joint, handling loads up to 90% of bodyweight. First MTP arthrodesis is a frequently performed procedure designed to improve pain in patients with degenerative MTP joint disease. There are a wide variety of fixation [...] Read more.
The first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is a frequently loaded joint, handling loads up to 90% of bodyweight. First MTP arthrodesis is a frequently performed procedure designed to improve pain in patients with degenerative MTP joint disease. There are a wide variety of fixation constructs for this procedure without consensus on the most effective method. The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical integrity of various constructs utilized for first MTP arthrodesis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to 18 June 2023. Articles discussing the biomechanics of first MTP arthrodesis constructs were included. A total of 168 articles were retrieved. A total of 20 articles involving 446 cadaveric and synthetic bone constructs were included in the final review. Of the six articles comparing dorsal plating with compression screws to crossed interfragmentary screws, five found that dorsal plating had significantly higher stiffness. All three studies assessing shape-memory staples found them to be significantly less stable than crossed screws or dorsal plates alone. Both studies evaluating fully threaded screws found them to be stronger than crossed cancellous screws. Wedge resections have been shown to be 10 times stronger than standard planar or conical excision. Dorsal plating with compression screws is the gold standard for MTP arthrodesis. However, more research into newer methods such as fully threaded screws and wedge resections with an increased focus on translation to clinical outcomes is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Implantable Biomaterials: Design, Mechanical Properties and Applications)
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