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Biomedical Materials Investigated with Optical Methods

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2024) | Viewed by 1478

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. 3OM Optomechatronics Group, Faculty of Engineering, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, 310130 Arad, Romania
2. Doctoral School, Polytechnic University of Timisoara, 300006 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: optomechatronics; laser systems; biomedical imaging; optical coherence tomography (OCT); measuring systems; optical metrology; materials study; biomaterials characterization
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Guest Editor
Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: dental medicine; biomaterials; prosthodontics; dental treatments; biomedical imaging; optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biocompatible and bioactive materials are essential for various fields of tissue engineering and greatly benefit the medical field. Hard tissue, such as bone or teeth, as well as soft tissue, including skin, muscles, and ligaments, are targeted by developing scaffolds of different types. Their characterization often targets trade-offs between contradictory properties, for example, porosity and mechanical resistance for bone replacement scaffolds. Therefore, the results of several assessment methods must be correlated to design and optimize various biomaterials. On the other hand, in vitro and in vivo investigations are required, the latter after implementing the biomaterials. A wide range of methods can be utilized for such investigations, including optical and laser scanning microscopy (including for the gold standard of histological evaluations), fluorescence, spectrometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT) (with its capability to perform non-invasive, real-time, quantitative assessments of biomaterials and tissue), X-ray investigations (including micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy, as well as mechanical testing.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together such optical and non-optical methods for both the in vitro and/or in vivo characterization of biocompatible materials. Of significant interest are innovative topics such as OCT, as well as emerging techniques, but also the correlation of a range of methods (as mentioned above) to design, test, optimize, or assess the results of implementation biomaterials, as well as corresponding tissue. Developing and testing dedicated systems and probes, alongside image and data processing to optimize biomaterials assessments, are also encouraged. 

While this forum is open to all researchers in the fields above, it also provides a topical selection of papers presented at the Second International Conference ‘Advances in 3OM: Opto-Mechatronics, Opto-Mechanics, and Optical Metrology’, organized in Timisoara, Romania – European Capital of Culture 2023, and is also in the frame of UNESCO’s International Day of Light (IDL).

All types of contributions, i.e., research papers, reviews, and communications, are welcome. 

Prof. Dr. Virgil-Florin Duma
Prof. Dr. Cosmin Sinescu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • biocompatibility
  • scaffolds
  • optical methods
  • biophotonics
  • biomedical imaging
  • optical coherence tomography (OCT)
  • optical microscopy
  • confocal microscopy
  • X-ray investigations
  • micro-CT
  • data/image processing
  • dental medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

30 pages, 5985 KiB  
Article
Geophysics-Inspired Nonlinear Stress–Strain Law for Biological Tissues and Its Applications in Compression Optical Coherence Elastography
by Vladimir Y. Zaitsev, Lev A. Matveev, Alexander L. Matveyev, Anton A. Plekhanov, Ekaterina V. Gubarkova, Elena B. Kiseleva and Alexander A. Sovetsky
Materials 2024, 17(20), 5023; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17205023 - 14 Oct 2024
Viewed by 867
Abstract
We propose a nonlinear stress–strain law to describe nonlinear elastic properties of biological tissues using an analogy with the derivation of nonlinear constitutive laws for cracked rocks. The derivation of such a constitutive equation has been stimulated by the recently developed experimental technique—quasistatic [...] Read more.
We propose a nonlinear stress–strain law to describe nonlinear elastic properties of biological tissues using an analogy with the derivation of nonlinear constitutive laws for cracked rocks. The derivation of such a constitutive equation has been stimulated by the recently developed experimental technique—quasistatic Compression Optical Coherence Elastography (C-OCE). C-OCE enables obtaining nonlinear stress–strain dependences relating the applied uniaxial compressive stress and the axial component of the resultant strain in the tissue. To adequately describe nonlinear stress–strain dependences obtained with C-OCE for various tissues, the central idea is that, by analogy with geophysics, nonlinear elastic response of tissues is mostly determined by the histologically confirmed presence of interstitial gaps/pores resembling cracks in rocks. For the latter, the nonlinear elastic response is mostly determined by elastic properties of narrow cracks that are highly compliant and can easily be closed by applied compressing stress. The smaller the aspect ratio of such a gap/crack, the smaller the stress required to close it. Upon reaching sufficiently high compressive stress, almost all such gaps become closed, so that with further increase in the compressive stress, the elastic response of the tissue becomes nearly linear and is determined by the Young’s modulus of the host tissue. The form of such a nonlinear dependence is determined by the distribution of the cracks/gaps over closing pressures; for describing this process, an analogy with geophysics is also used. After presenting the derivation of the proposed nonlinear law, we demonstrate that it enables surprisingly good fitting of experimental stress–strain curves obtained with C-OCE for a broad range of various tissues. Unlike empirical fitting, each of the fitting parameters in the proposed law has a clear physical meaning. The linear and nonlinear elastic parameters extracted using this law have already demonstrated high diagnostic value, e.g., for differentiating various types of cancerous and noncancerous tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Materials Investigated with Optical Methods)
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