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Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites
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Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Construction and Building Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2021) | Viewed by 16626

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mercedes del Río Merino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Escuela Técnica Superior de Edificación, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 6 Juan de Herrera Street, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: new materials and construction systems; gypsums composites; circular economy in gypsums; mechanical behavior; lightweight gypsums; indoor environmental quality of buildings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paola Villoria-Sáez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Building Technology and Environment Research Group, School of Building Construction, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: construction; sustainable materials; regenerative sustainability; indoor environment; thermal comfort
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gypsum is a traditional material used as a building material, throughout the world, due to its great properties, such as good hydrothermal behavior and resistance to fire. Although gypsum has been used in construction since the Neolithic era, it was not until the end of the 20th century that researches started to work with gypsum composites as materials capable of responding to new needs in buildings. These "second generation" of plasters are produced by making additions to the gypsum, such additions include fibers, to reduce the fragility of the material, or chemical additives, to be able to apply the plaster with mechanical devices (tools).

Later, in the 21st century, due to changes in society, which began to consider the negative environmental impacts of buildings, the "third generation" of gypsum compounds emerged. This third generation of gypsums is lighter and has better thermal performance, by incorporating cellular solids into their matrix or gypsums designed with circular economy criteria, using the gypsum matrix as a digester of waste from industry or agriculture. In addition, regenerative construction is currently enabling the development of new gypsum compounds, which aim to improve the health and well-being of building users.

Scientific studies carried out to examine the properties of these new gypsum-based compounds and confirm that the mechanical resistances meet the required values set in the current regulations are presented in this Special Issue.

It is my pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Researchers are invited to share their proposals for the characterization of innovative, sustainable, and regenerative gypsum composites for building construction applications. Full papers, communications, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Mercedes del Río Merino
Dr. Paola Villoria Sáez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Gypsum composites
  • Lightweight gypsums
  • Eco-gypsums
  • Gypsum circular economy
  • Gypsum behavior
  • Regenerative gypsums

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 11465 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Behavior of Plaster Composites Based on Rubber Particles from End-of-Life Tires Reinforced with Carbon Fibers
by Rafael Vicente Lozano-Díez, Óscar López-Zaldívar, Sofía Herrero-del-Cura, Pablo Luís Mayor-Lobo and Francisco Hernández-Olivares
Materials 2021, 14(14), 3979; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143979 - 16 Jul 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2955
Abstract
The principal objective of this research project is the disposal of end-of-life tire rubber waste and its incorporation in gypsum composites. As a continuation of previous projects, which established a reduction in the mechanical properties of the resulting products, the behavior of these [...] Read more.
The principal objective of this research project is the disposal of end-of-life tire rubber waste and its incorporation in gypsum composites. As a continuation of previous projects, which established a reduction in the mechanical properties of the resulting products, the behavior of these composites is analyzed with the incorporation of carbon fibers. The density, Shore C hardness, flexural strength, compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, strength–strain curves, toughness and resistance values and microstructure of the material are studied and compared. The results obtained show a significant increase in the mechanical tensile strength of all of the samples containing fibers. The moduli of elasticity results show a decrease in rigidity and increase in toughness and resistance of the material produced by incorporating the fibers. An optimum dosage of a water/gypsum ratio of 0.6 and incorporation of 1.5% carbon fibers is proposed. This lightweight material, which offers a high mechanical performance, features characteristics which are suitable for large prefabricated building elements in the form of panels or boards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites)
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13 pages, 2308 KiB  
Article
Study of the Mechanical and Physical Behavior of Gypsum Boards with Plastic Cable Waste Aggregates and Their Application to Construction Panels
by Alejandra Vidales-Barriguete, Jaime Santa-Cruz-Astorqui, Carolina Piña-Ramírez, Marta Kosior-Kazberuk, Katarzyna Kalinowska-Wichrowska and Evangelina Atanes-Sánchez
Materials 2021, 14(9), 2255; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14092255 - 27 Apr 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3621
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the physico-mechanical properties of gypsum boards including plastic waste aggregates from cable recycling. The plastic cable waste is incorporated into the gypsum matrix without going through any type of selection and/or treatment, as it is [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to analyze the physico-mechanical properties of gypsum boards including plastic waste aggregates from cable recycling. The plastic cable waste is incorporated into the gypsum matrix without going through any type of selection and/or treatment, as it is obtained after the cable recycling process. In the experimental process, gypsum boards of different dimensions were manufactured and tested for their Young’s modulus, shock-impact resistance, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and thermal comfort. The results obtained show a significant increase in the elasticity of the boards with plastic waste (limited cracking), compliance with the minimum value of flexural strength, and a slight improvement in the thermal conductivity coefficient (lower energy demand) and surface comfort (reduced condensation and greater adherence). Therefore, the analyzed material could provide a suitable alternative to currently marketed gypsum boards, contributing to sustainable construction not only in new constructions, but also in building renovations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites)
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18 pages, 4536 KiB  
Article
Characterization of a New Lightened Gypsum-Based Material Reinforced with Fibers
by Manuel Álvarez, Daniel Ferrández, Carlos Morón and Evangelina Atanes-Sánchez
Materials 2021, 14(5), 1203; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051203 - 4 Mar 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2924
Abstract
This paper shows the characterization of a new lightened gypsum-based material for use in buildings. A plaster material has been designed with a polymeric compound based on polyvinyl acetate, bicarbonate and a boric acid solution, which reduce the density and thermal conductivity by [...] Read more.
This paper shows the characterization of a new lightened gypsum-based material for use in buildings. A plaster material has been designed with a polymeric compound based on polyvinyl acetate, bicarbonate and a boric acid solution, which reduce the density and thermal conductivity by up to 20% and 30%, respectively. In addition, tests have been carried out with the lightened plaster material reinforced with glass (GF), basalt (BF), polypropylene (PPF) and wood (WF) fibers. A significant improvement in mechanical properties was achieved. All samples obtained resistance values greater than 2 MPa in flexion and 3 MPa in compression. Physico-chemical analysis were also carried out. The study is completed with a statistical analysis, where confidence intervals have been obtained for the mean at 95% confidence for each of the physical properties studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites)
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20 pages, 7427 KiB  
Article
Low-Cost Sensors for Determining the Variation in Interior Moisture Content in Gypsum Composite Materials
by Daniel Ferrández, Carlos Morón, Pablo Saiz, Evangelina Atanes-Sánchez and Engerst Yedra
Materials 2020, 13(24), 5831; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13245831 - 21 Dec 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2520
Abstract
Non-destructive testing can be used to determine some of the most relevant physical properties of building materials. In this work, two low-cost measuring devices were developed capable of determining the variation in real-time of the percentage of humidity that is produced in the [...] Read more.
Non-destructive testing can be used to determine some of the most relevant physical properties of building materials. In this work, two low-cost measuring devices were developed capable of determining the variation in real-time of the percentage of humidity that is produced in the construction of gypsum and plaster during the hardening process. For this, an Arduino resistive sensor and a capacitive sensor of our design were used. The results show how it is possible to determine the variations in mixing water content during the seven days of curing established by the UNE-EN 13279-2 standard as well relate to the mechanical resistance of the test specimens with the same percentage of humidity. Additionally, the study was completed with the determination of the formation of the dihydrate compound linked to this setting process in the test specimens by conducting X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis tests at different ages of the samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites)
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12 pages, 4213 KiB  
Article
Use of Polycarbonate Waste as Aggregate in Recycled Gypsum Plasters
by Manuel Alejandro Pedreño-Rojas, Carmen Rodríguez-Liñán, Inês Flores-Colen and Jorge de Brito
Materials 2020, 13(14), 3042; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143042 - 8 Jul 2020
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 3603
Abstract
The use of gypsum as an indoor coating material for buildings is very extensive. This means that huge amounts of gypsum waste are generated daily worldwide. Therefore, many researchers in the last years have been working on the generation of new gypsum-related materials [...] Read more.
The use of gypsum as an indoor coating material for buildings is very extensive. This means that huge amounts of gypsum waste are generated daily worldwide. Therefore, many researchers in the last years have been working on the generation of new gypsum-related materials and products that incorporate recycled gypsum waste as a replacement for the commercial one. On the other hand, trying to reduce the large amounts of plastic generated globally each year, several studies have used different types of plastic waste as aggregates for the development of new construction and building materials. However, up to now, no previous studies have been found in which any type of plastic waste has been used as an aggregate in a recycled gypsum matrix. This paper presents a study in which two different types of waste were mixed for the development of new gypsum plasters: unheated gypsum waste from industrial plasterboard production (GPW) and polycarbonate (PC) waste from rejected compact discs (CDs) and digital versatile discs (DVDs). In this sense, the mechanical and thermal performance of plasters was evaluated. Finally, in order to evaluate the changes in the microstructure of the composites, a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was conducted. The results showed a good performance of the new composites when both types of waste were combined in the mixes. New lightweight eco-efficient plasters, completely recycled, with enhanced flexural strength (by 14.8%), compressive strength (by 26.8%), and thermal conductivity (42.8% less), compared to the reference material, were achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Characterization of Gypsum Composites)
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