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Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2023) | Viewed by 4543

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
Interests: bone regeneration; drug delivery; calcium phosphates; composites

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Guest Editor
Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
Interests: dental implants; bone graft; bone regeneration; titanium; injectable hydrogel for dental application; dental biomaterials
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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, School of Technology, University of Iceland and The Blood bank Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland
Interests: stem cells; platelet lysate; bone regeneration; platelet and red cell storage
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in biomaterials science have led to significant progress in biology and medicine, with biomaterials playing an important role in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and novel clinical therapies. Each class of biomaterials, including natural and synthetic polymers, bioactive ceramics and composites, has a set of properties which makes them appropriate for specific applications. However, the success of many regenerative medicine strategies relies on the potential to design suitable materials able to support and guide cells during tissue healing and remodeling processes.

Advanced tissue engineering systems often combine biomaterial matrices with bioactive agents, enhancing the modulation of a favorable environment for tissue regeneration. Such bioactive agents include, e.g., small molecules or bioactive ions, genes, cells, and growth factors, either being delivered in single mode or simultaneously delivering multiple stimuli to the targeted site. The choice of correct mode of active agent delivery strongly affects numerous factors that contribute to therapeutic efficacy, including pharmacokinetics, distribution, cellular uptake and metabolism, excretion, and clearance, as well as toxicity. Many bioactive agents are sensitive to the surrounding environment and must act intracellularly at the molecular level. Thus, to be effective, they require an appropriate carrier, which can take the form of a scaffold (e.g., hydrogels, bioceramics, electrospun fibers), particles (nano/micro), or genetically modified cells. Moreover, much of the success of such local or site-specific smart drug delivery systems is related to the proper combination of active agents, cells, biomaterials, and nanotechnologies.

Although much effort has been made in this field, there are still many challenges: the optimal local concentration of the bioactive agents, the lack of correlation of in vitro with in vivo drug release profiles, the effect of the local biomaterial/carrier response, and other factors that cannot be mimicked in the simple in vitro system.

This Special Issue invites manuscripts on any of abovementioned subjects, or others covering recent progress and new developments in the context of regenerative medicine and drug delivery approaches. Full papers, short communications, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Dagnija Loča
Prof. Dr. Prashanth Konda Gokuldoss
Prof. Dr. Håvard J. Haugen
Prof. Dr. Ólafur E. Sigurjónsson
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • drug delivery
  • regenerative medicine
  • tissue engineering
  • scaffolds
  • controlled release

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 6876 KiB  
Article
Enzymatically Crosslinked In Situ Synthesized Silk/Gelatin/Calcium Phosphate Hydrogels for Drug Delivery
by Andra Grava, Karina Egle and Arita Dubnika
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7191; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14237191 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2398
Abstract
Our research focuses on combining the valuable properties of silk fibroin (SF) and calcium phosphate (CaP). SF is a natural protein with an easily modifiable structure; CaP is a mineral found in the human body. Most of the new age biocomposites lack interaction [...] Read more.
Our research focuses on combining the valuable properties of silk fibroin (SF) and calcium phosphate (CaP). SF is a natural protein with an easily modifiable structure; CaP is a mineral found in the human body. Most of the new age biocomposites lack interaction between organic/inorganic phase, thus SF/CaP composite could not only mimic the natural bone, but could also be used to make drug delivery systems as well, which can ensure both healing and regeneration. CaP was synthesized in situ in SF at different pH values, and then crosslinked with gelatin (G), horseradish peroxide (HRP), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, dexamethasone phosphate (DEX) was incorporated in the hydrogel and drug delivery kinetics was studied. Hydrogel made at pH 10.0 was found to have the highest gel fraction 110.24%, swelling degree 956.32%, and sustained drug delivery for 72 h. The highest cell viability was observed for the hydrogel, which contained brushite (pH 6)—512.43%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery)
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Review

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14 pages, 2250 KiB  
Review
Incorporation of Barium Ions into Biomaterials: Dangerous Liaison or Potential Revolution?
by Ilijana Kovrlija, Janis Locs and Dagnija Loca
Materials 2021, 14(19), 5772; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195772 - 2 Oct 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3436
Abstract
In the present manuscript, a brief overview on barium, its possible utilization, and the aftermath of its behavior in organisms has been presented. As a bivalent cation, barium has the potential to be used in a myriad of biochemical reactions. A number of [...] Read more.
In the present manuscript, a brief overview on barium, its possible utilization, and the aftermath of its behavior in organisms has been presented. As a bivalent cation, barium has the potential to be used in a myriad of biochemical reactions. A number of studies have exhibited both the unwanted outcome barium displayed and the advantages of barium laden compounds, tested in in vitro and in vivo settings. The plethora of prospective manipulations covered the area of hydrogels and calcium phosphates, with an end goal of examining barium’s future in the tissue engineering. However, majority of data revert to the research conducted in the 20th century, without investigating the mechanisms of action using current state-of-the-art technology. Having this in mind, set of questions that are needed for possible future research arose. Can barium be used as a substitute for other biologically relevant divalent cations? Will the incorporation of barium ions hamper the execution of the essential processes in the organism? Most importantly, can the benefits outweigh the harm? Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Drug Delivery)
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