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Structure and Performance Based on SLM
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Structure and Performance Based on SLM

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanics of Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2023) | Viewed by 7986

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dongyun Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
3D Printing Center, Laser Institute of Engineering, Faculty of Material and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology(BJUT), Beijing, China
Interests: additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic alloys; laser powder bed fusion (LPBF); Ni-based superalloys; metal matrix composites; multi-materials AM; high-temperature alloys; design, manufacturing and mechanical behavior of lattice structures based LPBF; multifunctional lattice; special technology based on LPBF and its performance/properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

LPBF (Laser powder bed fusion) is one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies. It can directly fabricate metallic components with complicated geometries, especially with regard to the internal structure. Its digital characteristics enable it to manufacture lattice/porous structures to meet the requirements of the aerospace, medical, and other industries. The design, manufacturing and mechanical behavior of lattice/porous structures based on LPBF have become a research hotspot, with their tailored characteristics of being ultra lightweight, high performance and multifunctional. However, the correlation between the configuration, structural parameters and other influencing factors as well as the performance/properties should be intensively investigated.

This Special Issue will focus on the design, manufacturing and mechanical behaviour of lattice/porous structures based on LPBF. More attention should be paid to the effect of the configuration, structural parameters and other influencing factors on the performance/property as well as the evaluation on their special stiffness, special strength, special energy absorption and other effective performances. Multifunctional lattice/porous structures are particularly of interest. Both experiments and modelling efforts are encouraged. Additionally, the bioinspired lattice/porous structure and its biomechanics and biocompatibility are of interest.

Dr. Dongyun Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • additive manufacturing (AM) of metallic alloys
  • laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and electron beam melting
  • finite element analysis
  • lattice truss materials/porous structures
  • compressive tests: quasi-static or dynamic compression
  • bioinspired lattice/porous structure and biomechanics
  • multifunctional lattice/porous structure and its performance

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 12709 KiB  
Article
Modification of the Railway Traction Elements
by Jarosław Konieczny, Krzysztof Labisz and Wojciech Pakieła
Materials 2023, 16(8), 2941; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16082941 - 7 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1149
Abstract
This paper presents the results of research on a newly developed surface layer made by laser remelting the working surface of the Cu-ETP (CW004A, Electrolytic Tough Pitch) copper section insulator guide with Cr-Al powder. For the investigation, a fibre laser was used with [...] Read more.
This paper presents the results of research on a newly developed surface layer made by laser remelting the working surface of the Cu-ETP (CW004A, Electrolytic Tough Pitch) copper section insulator guide with Cr-Al powder. For the investigation, a fibre laser was used with relatively high power, reaching 4 kW, so as to ensure a high gradient of cooling rate for microstructure refinement. The microstructure of the transverse fracture of the layer (SEM) and the distribution of elements in the microareas (EDS) were investigated. The test results showed that chromium does not dissolve in the Cu matrix, and its precipitates take the shape of dendrites. The hardness and thickness of the surface layers as well as the friction coefficient and the influence of the Cr-Al powder feeding speed on them were examined. For the distance from the surface to 0.45 mm, the hardness of the produced coatings is above 100 HV0.3, while the friction coefficient of the produced coatings is in the range of 0.6–0.95. More sophisticated investigation results concern the d-spacing lattice parameters of the crystallographic structure of the obtained Cu phase reaching the range between 3.613–3.624 Å. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Performance Based on SLM)
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22 pages, 7152 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation in the Melt Pool Evolution of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process for Ti6Al4V
by Yixuan Xu, Dongyun Zhang, Junyuan Deng, Xuping Wu, Lingshan Li, Yinkai Xie, Reinhart Poprawe, Johannes Henrich Schleifenbaum and Stephan Ziegler
Materials 2022, 15(21), 7585; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217585 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2529
Abstract
In order to track the free interface of the melt pool and understand the evolution of the melt pool, the flow of fluid, and the interface behavior of gas and liquid, a physical model is developed by using the VOF method in this [...] Read more.
In order to track the free interface of the melt pool and understand the evolution of the melt pool, the flow of fluid, and the interface behavior of gas and liquid, a physical model is developed by using the VOF method in this paper. Its characteristics are a combined heat source model, including a parabolic rotation and a cylindrical distribution, and a powder bed stochastic distributed model with powder particle size. The unit interface between the metallic and gas phase in the laser–powder interaction zone can only be loaded by the heat source. Only the first and second laser scanning tracks are simulated to reduce the calculation time. The simulation results show that process parameters such as laser power and scanning speed have significant effects on the fluid flow and surface morphology in the melt pool, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Compared with the first track, the second track has larger melt pool geometry, higher melt temperature, and faster fluid flow. The melt flows intensely at the initial position due to the high flow rate in the limited melt space. Because there is enough space for the metal flow, the second track can obtain smooth surface morphology more easily compared to the first track. The melt pool temperature at the laser beam center fluctuates during the laser scanning process. This depends on the effects of the interaction between heat conduction or heat accumulation or the interaction between heat accumulation and violent fluid flow. The temperature distribution and fluid flow in the melt pool benefit the analysis and understanding of the evolution mechanism of the melt pool geometry and surface topography and further allow regulation of the L-PBF process of Ti6Al4V. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Performance Based on SLM)
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15 pages, 4893 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of Physical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Al-Cu-Al2O3/Graphene Nanocomposites by Powder Metallurgy Technique
by Omayma A. El-Kady, Hossam M. Yehia, Fathei Nouh, Ibrahim M. Ghayad, Taher El-Bitar and Walid M. Daoush
Materials 2022, 15(20), 7116; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207116 - 13 Oct 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 1896
Abstract
In this study, we enhanced the adhesion of graphene nanosheets to achieve homogeneous dispersion, consequently improving the electrical and thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and corrosion resistance with an aluminum matrix containing up to 1.5 wt. % graphene. First, 2.5 wt. % [...] Read more.
In this study, we enhanced the adhesion of graphene nanosheets to achieve homogeneous dispersion, consequently improving the electrical and thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and corrosion resistance with an aluminum matrix containing up to 1.5 wt. % graphene. First, 2.5 wt. % Al2O3 and varying ratios of graphene up to 1.5 wt. % were coated with 5 wt. % silver nanoparticles to metalize their surfaces. Predetermined portions of coated alumina and graphene were mixed with Al/10 wt. % Cu powder for 45 h. Mixed samples were compacted under 600 MPa and sintered at 565 °C in a vacuum furnace for 60 min with a low heating rate of 2 °C/min. The strengthening effect of the added materials on the density, microstructure, electrical and thermal conductivities, thermal expansion, and corrosion behavior of aluminum were investigated. Excellent adhesion and homogeneous dispersion of the investigated reinforcements were achieved. Three phenomena were observed: (1) an improvement in the densification, electrical and thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, and corrosion rate by adding 10 wt. % Cu to the aluminum matrix; (2) deterioration of the properties of Al/10 wt. % Cu with the addition of 2.5 wt. % alumina nanoparticles; and (3) improved properties with the addition of graphene nanosheets up to 1 wt. % and a decrease in property values beyond 1.5 wt. % graphene content due to the formation of agglomerations and pores in the metal matrix. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Performance Based on SLM)
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21 pages, 21295 KiB  
Article
Effect of Fe and C Contents on the Microstructure and High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of IN625 Alloy Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
by Alena Kreitcberg and Vladimir Brailovski
Materials 2022, 15(19), 6606; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15196606 - 23 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
Two alloys with different Fe and C contents were studied to assess the influence of their compositions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni-based Inconel 625 superalloy processed by laser powder bed fusion and subjected to stress relief annealing (870 °C) and [...] Read more.
Two alloys with different Fe and C contents were studied to assess the influence of their compositions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni-based Inconel 625 superalloy processed by laser powder bed fusion and subjected to stress relief annealing (870 °C) and a solution treatment (1120 °C). It was concluded that the alloy with a higher Fe content (~4 wt.% as compared to ~1 wt.%) manifests a greater propensity to segregate Nb and Mo elements during printing and form δ phase particles during the stress relief annealing. On the other hand, the alloy with a higher C content (~0.04 wt.% compared to ~0.02 wt.%) exhibits a greater tendency to form M6C carbides during the solution treatment. No effects of the Fe and C content variations on the room temperature mechanical properties were observed. On the contrary, an increase in the C content resulted in a 40% lower high-temperature (760 °C) ductility of the laser powder bed fused and post-processed IN625 alloy, without affecting its strength characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Performance Based on SLM)
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