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Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare
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Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 9771

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Gaetano Marenzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neurosciences, Reproduction and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: osseointegration; tissue regeneration; platelet concentrates; implant surface; implant aesthetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental implant treatment, as a predictable method for partial and complete edentulism rehabilitation, has a key role in restoring oral health. Modern surgical techniques and prosthetic solutions are able to assure both functional and aesthetic improvements. Biologic and biomechanical studies demonstrate how many implant (surface, microtopography, macrodesign, chemical properties) and prosthetic (abutment materials and connections, surface, friction, preload) features can influence clinical outcomes. This Special Issue is focused on emerging concepts involving the role of surgical and prosthetic solutions as ways of improving patient quality of life and satisfaction in terms of their oral health status. Aesthetic studies, especially those related to dental implantology materials, are welcome in this Special Issue. We seek original contributions focused on the scientific basis, experimental studies, and clinical applications of materials and techniques that enable additional aesthetics and reductions in cost and time of implant treatments. In vivo aesthetic results and clinical interpretations of the properties of the proposed materials are sought.

Biologic or biomechanical responses to fabrication technologies; model implants and abutment manufacturing; surface functionalization; and chemical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties regarding ways to solve the problems associated with traditional dental implant care are particularly emphasized.

Prof. Dr. Gaetano Marenzi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • dental implant aesthetics
  • fixture manufacturing
  • surface functionalization
  • prosthetic rehabilitation
  • bone–implant interface

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1887 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Number and Distribution of Mini Dental Implants on Overdenture Stability: An In Vitro Study
by Rafif Alshenaiber, Craig Barclay and Nick Silikas
Materials 2022, 15(9), 2988; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15092988 - 20 Apr 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2081
Abstract
The rotational movement of mini dental implants (MDIs) overdenture disturbs the function of the prosthesis. Many dentists place more MDIs to improve the overdenture stability; however, the influence of the MDIs number and distribution on the overdenture resistance to para-axial dislodgment has not [...] Read more.
The rotational movement of mini dental implants (MDIs) overdenture disturbs the function of the prosthesis. Many dentists place more MDIs to improve the overdenture stability; however, the influence of the MDIs number and distribution on the overdenture resistance to para-axial dislodgment has not been investigated. Seven resin models simulating atrophic mandibles housed twenty MDIs placed according to seven arrangements. Acrylic overdentures were fabricated for each cast and were dislodged five times in lateral, anterior and posterior directions, and the peak load dislodgment was measured. Each overdenture underwent 540 axial removal/placement cycles. The para-axial dislodgments were measured again, and data were compared. Dislodgment force values were measured in all directions, and the data were analysed using analysis of variance ANOVA and post hoc (p < 0.05). After six months of simulated placement/removal, increasing the MDI number showed a difference in resistance to para-axial dislodgment. The distribution affected the resistance to dislodgment in some directions. The inter-implant distance of 27 mm provided better resistance to posterior dislodgment than placing two MDIs close together at 19 mm. The placement of three MDIs at any distribution showed no significant difference except for resistance to posterior dislodgment. FourMDIs placed at any distribution showed a significant difference in all groups in all tested directions. The resistance to the para-axial dislodgment of MDI overdenture could improve with the increasing MDIs number and careful planning of MDI distribution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare)
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13 pages, 2569 KiB  
Article
Effects of Aging Torque Controllers on Screw Tightening Force and Bacterial Micro-Leakage on the Implant-Abutment Complex
by Yousef Jiries, Tamar Brosh, Shlomo Matalon, Vladimir Perlis and Zeev Ormianer
Materials 2022, 15(2), 620; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15020620 - 14 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Aim: We assess the accuracy of torque controllers after several aging processes and the bacterial leakage on implant-abutment complexes (IAC). Methods: A total of 12 spring-type and 12 friction-type torque controllers and 48 IAC (24 conical and 24 hexagonal connections) were evaluated. Chemical, [...] Read more.
Aim: We assess the accuracy of torque controllers after several aging processes and the bacterial leakage on implant-abutment complexes (IAC). Methods: A total of 12 spring-type and 12 friction-type torque controllers and 48 IAC (24 conical and 24 hexagonal connections) were evaluated. Chemical, mechanical, temperature, and pressure-aging methods were applied individually to replicate clinical use. Torque controller accuracy was analyzed before and after aging using a calibrated gauge. To assess bacterial leakage, the IAC were suspended in a bacterial medium for 24 h. Direct Contact Test (DCT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction Test (RT-PCR) analyzed the infiltration of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis into the IAC micro-gap. Results: A significant decrease in torque after 10 days of aging was found. The spring-type torque controller was affected the most, regardless of the aging method (P < 0.05). PCR results indicated that all groups exhibited significantly more bacterial leakage, regardless of the method used (P < 0.05). The conical IAC demonstrated more bacterial leakage of P. gingivalis compared with the hexagonal IAC (P = 0.07). DCT found bacterial growth in the IAC only before aging and was not identified after aging. Conclusion: Aging affects torque accuracy. A reduction in force was noticed after 10 days. The conical IAC exhibits more bacterial leakage, although this was not statistically significant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare)
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16 pages, 6138 KiB  
Article
Effect of Implant Surface Roughness and Macro- and Micro-Structural Composition on Wear and Metal Particles Released
by Andrea El Hassanin, Giuseppe Quaremba, Pasquale Sammartino, Daniela Adamo, Alessandra Miniello and Gaetano Marenzi
Materials 2021, 14(22), 6800; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14226800 - 11 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2658
Abstract
Background: Considerations about implant surface wear and metal particles released during implant placement have been reported. However, little is known about implant surface macro- and microstructural components, which can influence these events. The aim of this research was to investigate accurately the surface [...] Read more.
Background: Considerations about implant surface wear and metal particles released during implant placement have been reported. However, little is known about implant surface macro- and microstructural components, which can influence these events. The aim of this research was to investigate accurately the surface morphology and chemical composition of commercially available dental implants, by means of multivariate and multidimensional statistical analysis, in order to predict their effect on wear onset and particle release during implant placement. Methods: The implant surface characterization (roughness, texture) was carried out through Confocal Microscopy and SEM-EDS analysis; the quantitative surface quality variables (amplitude and hybrid roughness parameters) were statistically analyzed through post hoc Bonferroni’s test for pair comparisons. Results: The parameters used by discriminant analysis evidenced several differences in terms of implant surface roughness between the examined fixtures. In relation to the observed surface quality, some of the investigated implants showed the presence of residuals due to the industrial surface treatments. Conclusions: Many structural components of the dental implant surface can influence the wear onset and particles released during the implant placement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare)
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12 pages, 28259 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Propolis-Embedded Zeolite Nanocomposites for Implant Application
by Jun Sik Son, Eun Ju Hwang, Lee Seong Kwon, Yong-Gook Ahn, Byung-Kwon Moon, Jin Kim, Douk Hoon Kim, Su Gwan Kim and Sook-Young Lee
Materials 2021, 14(5), 1193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14051193 - 3 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2684
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites for dental implant application. Propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites were fabricated by complexation of propolis and zeolites. Then, they were pelleted with Poly(L-lactide) (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymer for the fabrication of a dental implant. The chemical properties [...] Read more.
This study investigates the potential of propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites for dental implant application. Propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites were fabricated by complexation of propolis and zeolites. Then, they were pelleted with Poly(L-lactide) (PLA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymer for the fabrication of a dental implant. The chemical properties of propolis were not changed during the fabrication of propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites in attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infra-red (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy measurements. Propolis was continuously released from propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites over one month. PLA/PCL pellets containing propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites showed longer sustained release behavior compared to propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites. Propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposite powder showed similar antibacterial activity against C. albicans in an agar plate and formed an inhibition zone as well as chlorohexidine (CHX) powder. Eluted propolis solution from PLA/PCL pellets also maintained antibacterial activity as well as CHX solution. Furthermore, eluted propolis solution from PLA/PCL pellets showed significant antibacterial efficacy against C. albicans, S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Dental implants fabricated from PLA/PCl polymer and propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites also have antibacterial efficacy and negligible cytotoxicity against normal cells. We suggest that PLA/PCl pellets containing propolis-embedded zeolite nanocomposites are promising candidates for dental implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Implants in Oral Healthcare)
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