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Medicina
Special Issues
Benefits of Physical Activity in Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders
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Benefits of Physical Activity in Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Medicine and Sports Traumatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 9880

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Carlos Ayán

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Well-Move Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sport Science, Department of Special Didactics, University of Vigo, 36004 Pontevedra, Spain
Interests: exercise; physical and intellectual disabilities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. David Suárez-Iglesias

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
Interests: exercise in adults with physical disabilities; adapted physical activity; disabled sports; inclusive leisure activities; fitness assessment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurological and neuromuscular disorders include a wide range of diseases affecting the nervous system or the function of muscles. Due to the complex nature of many of these conditions, research is still lacking in regard to other aspects apart from disorder-specific characteristics and how to treat them. Often, for these conditions, there is a lack of physical activity due to muscle weakness, spasticity, loss of balance, or movement control problems, which in turn can negatively impact physical health, leading to an increased risk of some secondary conditions. Taking into account that cures are rare and conventional treatments are sometimes limited, exercise appears to be an alternative treatment for these disorders to restore personal autonomy, reduce disability, reverse the physical deconditioning resulting from sedentary behavior, and enhance overall health and well-being. Nonetheless, there is still uncertainty as to whether and to what extent exercise is beneficial in many of these disorders. In this sense, a better understanding of the associations between physical activity and health in this population is needed. How exercise type plays a role in enhancing physical and health aspects, or in slowing the progression of these conditions over time, needs to be further explored.

Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight the role of physical activity and physical fitness as rehabilitation strategy for the control of neurological and neuromuscular disorders. Submissions from all disciplines will be considered, and experiments investigating exercise to attenuate the effects of these conditions on physical fitness are encouraged. Systematic reviews and specially meta-analyses on the topic are welcomed.

Dr. Carlos Ayán
Dr. David Suárez-Iglesias
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • exercise
  • physical activity
  • neurological
  • neuromuscular
  • impairment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 465 KiB  
Article
Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury (PASABI): A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial
by Marta Pérez-Rodríguez, Saleky García-Gómez, Javier Coterón, Juan José García-Hernández and Javier Pérez-Tejero
Medicina 2021, 57(2), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57020122 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2883
Abstract
Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA programs that respond to the heterogeneity and needs of this population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on the HRQoL in this population. Materials and Methods: With regard to recruitment, after baseline evaluations, participants were assigned to either the intervention group (IG, n = 38) or the control group (CG, n = 35). Functional capacity, mood, quality of life and depression were measured pre- and post-intervention. The IG underwent the “Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury” (PASABI) program, which was designed to improve HRQoL (1-h sessions, two to four sessions/week for 18 weeks). The CG underwent a standard rehabilitation program without PA. Results: Results for the IG indicated significant differences and large effect sizes for the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life, as well as mood and functional capacity, indicating an increase in HRQoL. No significant differences were found for the CG across any variables. Conclusions: The PASABI program was feasible and beneficial for improving physiological and functionality variables in the IG. The wide range of the activities of the PASABI program allow its application to a large number of people with ABI, promoting health through PA, especially in the chronic phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Benefits of Physical Activity in Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders)
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11 pages, 606 KiB  
Article
Effects of Maximal Strength Training on Perceived-Fatigue and Functional Mobility in Persons with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
by Ramon Gomez-Illan, Raul Reina, David Barbado, Rafael Sabido, Pedro Moreno-Navarro and Alba Roldan
Medicina 2020, 56(12), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56120718 - 20 Dec 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3341
Abstract
Background and objectives: Fatigue is one of the most disabling symptoms that limit daily life activities in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of maximal strength training (MST) on perceived-fatigue and functional mobility in pwMS. Materials [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Fatigue is one of the most disabling symptoms that limit daily life activities in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of maximal strength training (MST) on perceived-fatigue and functional mobility in pwMS. Materials and Methods: 26 participants with MS were balanced according to their pre-intervention fatigue scores and distributed into an MST group (n = 13) and a control group (CG; n = 13). The MST group completed eight weeks using high loads, evaluating detraining after ten weeks. Quadriceps and hamstring isokinetic (QPTIK; HPTIK) and isometric (QPTIM; HPTIM) peak torques were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Effect size differences were estimated with the Hedges’ g index (dg). Fatigue was evaluated through the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), while functional mobility was assessed via the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). Results: The MST significantly improved all the strength measurements after the intervention (Δ6.43–29.55%; p < 0.05) compared to the control group. FSS showed a significant reduction (59.97%, dg = 5.41, large). The MST group also reduced the TUG time (19.69%; dg = 0.93, large) compared to the control group. Improvements caused by the intervention did not remain after a 10-week follow-up, with decreases in strength performance from 4.40% to 13.86% (dg = 0.24–0.56, small to moderate), 112.08% in the FSS (dg = −3.88, large), and 16.93% in TUG (dg = −1.07, large). Conclusions: MST (up to 90% 1RM) seems to be a feasible and useful way to obtain clinically relevant improvements in the perceived-fatigue symptoms and functional mobility. Still, symptom improvements decrease after a 10-week detraining period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Benefits of Physical Activity in Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders)
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16 pages, 4501 KiB  
Article
Effects of 3D Moving Platform Exercise on Physiological Parameters and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
by Soochul Kim and Yongseok Jee
Medicina 2020, 56(7), 351; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56070351 - 15 Jul 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3087
Abstract
Background and objectives: Patient-handling activities predispose women to chronic low back pain (CLBP), but sufficient evidence is not available on whether a 3D moving platform, made for core stability exercise, affects pain, trunk flexibility, and static/dynamic muscle contractions in CLBP patients. Materials and [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Patient-handling activities predispose women to chronic low back pain (CLBP), but sufficient evidence is not available on whether a 3D moving platform, made for core stability exercise, affects pain, trunk flexibility, and static/dynamic muscle contractions in CLBP patients. Materials and Methods: The participants were twenty-nine women who were randomly divided into a control group (CON) and a 3D exercise group (3DEG), which took part in 3D moving exercise three times a week for 8 weeks. Both groups measured a visual analog scale (VAS) about their CLBP. Body composition, forward and backward trunk flexibilities, static muscle contraction property in rectus abdominis, and erector spinae were measured by tensiomyography, which found contraction time (Tc) and maximal displacement (Dm). Dynamic muscle contraction property in the abdomen and back were measured with an isokinetic device, which could measure peak torque (Pt) and work per repetition (Wr), before and after the trial. Results: The 3DEG had a significantly decreased fat mass and waist/hip ratio, as well as improved static muscle contractions of the erector spinae. The Wr of trunk extensor of 3D exercise group were also significantly increased. In the VAS, although the scores showed a significant change in some variables, while others did not. The Δ% in feeling pain at rest or at night, during exercise, walking, sitting in a hard chair, sitting in a soft chair, and lying down in 3DEG were significantly changed after 8 weeks. This indicates that the platform exercise provided a greater reduction of pain for activities that are done on a daily basis. Conclusions: This study confirms that the 3D moving platform exercise can provide the similar effect of the core stability exercise used in previous studies. Moreover, this study suggests that 3D moving platform exercise is a suitable means to reduce fatness, to increase trunk extensor, and to increase trunk backward flexibility, which led to reduced back pain in the women with CLBP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Benefits of Physical Activity in Neurological and Neuromuscular Disorders)
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