Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Metabolism

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 3276

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
Interests: non-communicable diseases; exercise intervention; hypoxic conditions; cardiometabolic biomarkers; bone mineral density; bone metabolism

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Guest Editor
Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University and Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
Interests: various hypoxic training modalities for sports performance; clinical effects related to obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disease by exposure or training in hypoxic conditions; development of various exercise methods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
Interests: vascular aging that concerns as the arterial stiffness and endothelial dys-function; variety of topics that encompass the physiological mechanisms such as vascular dysfunction including dementia, diabetes mellitus, disa-bilities, and elite athletes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Exercise physiology studies how the body responds and adapts to physical activity and exercise. It encompasses various aspects of human physiology, focusing on the mechanisms and changes that occur during exercise. On the other hand, cardiovascular metabolism specifically examines the metabolic processes related to the heart and blood vessels during physical activity. Both fields play a crucial role in understanding the benefits of exercise on overall health and performance.

This Special Issue welcomes manuscripts that use various research methods (e.g., epidemiology, intervention, review, and qualitative studies), to examine the changes in health with new and various exercise modalities.

Dr. Sung-Woo Kim
Dr. Hun-Young Park
Dr. Wonil Park
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • non-communicable diseases
  • vascular aging
  • exercise intervention
  • hypoxic conditions
  • cardiometabolic biomarkers
  • arterial stiffness
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • sports performances

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 573 KiB  
Article
Sphingolipid and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide (TMAO) Levels in Women with Obesity after Combined Physical Training
by Camila Fernanda Cunha Brandao, Michel Krempf, Flávia Giolo de Carvalho, Audrey Aguesse, Márcia Varella Morandi Junqueira-Franco, Gabriela Batitucci, Ellen Cristini de Freitas, Natalia Yumi Noronha, Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues, Gizela Pedroso Junqueira, Diego Alcantara Borba, Stéphanie Billon-Crossouard, Mikael Croyal and Julio Sergio Marchini
Metabolites 2024, 14(8), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14080398 - 23 Jul 2024
Viewed by 875
Abstract
Obesity causes metabolic changes, such as the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, physical exercise promotes protection against these diseases. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate whether combined physical training can improve the metabolic system of women with obesity, reducing [...] Read more.
Obesity causes metabolic changes, such as the development of cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, physical exercise promotes protection against these diseases. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate whether combined physical training can improve the metabolic system of women with obesity, reducing plasma concentrations of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and sphingolipids, regardless of weight loss. Fourteen obese women (BMI 30–40 kg/m2), aged 20–40 years, sedentary, were submitted to 8 weeks of combined physical training (strength and aerobic exercises). The training was performed three times/week, 55 min/session, at 75–90% maximum heart rate. All participants were evaluated pre- and post-exercise intervention, and their body composition, plasma TMAO, creatinine, lipid profile, and sphingolipid concentrations were recorded. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), Speed lactate threshold 1 (SpeedLT1), and Speed lactate threshold 2 (SpeedLT2) evaluated physical performance. Results: After combined exercise, it did not change body composition, but TMAO, total cholesterol, and sphingolipid concentrations significantly decreased (p < 0.05). There was an increase in physical performance by improving VO2max, SpeedLT1, and SpeedLT2 (p < 0.05). The combined physical exercise could induce cardiovascular risk protection by decreasing TMAO in obese women, parallel to physical performance improvement, independent of weight loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Metabolism)
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12 pages, 1932 KiB  
Article
Chronic Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Energy Expenditure during Exercise through Activation of Skeletal Muscle Energy Utilization Capacity in Mice
by Inkwon Jang, Sunghwan Kyun, Deunsol Hwang, Taeho Kim, Kiwon Lim, Hun-Young Park, Sung-Woo Kim and Jisu Kim
Metabolites 2024, 14(4), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14040220 - 13 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
We compared the effects of chronic exogenous lactate and exercise training, which influence energy substrate utilization and body composition improvements at rest and during exercise, and investigated the availability of lactate as a metabolic regulator. The mice were divided into four groups: CON [...] Read more.
We compared the effects of chronic exogenous lactate and exercise training, which influence energy substrate utilization and body composition improvements at rest and during exercise, and investigated the availability of lactate as a metabolic regulator. The mice were divided into four groups: CON (sedentary + saline), LAC (sedentary + lactate), EXE (exercise + saline), and EXLA (exercise + lactate). The total experimental period was set at 4 weeks, the training intensity was set at 60–70% VO2max, and each exercise group was administered a solution immediately after exercise. Changes in the energy substrate utilization at rest and during exercise, the protein levels related to energy substrate utilization in skeletal muscles, and the body composition were measured. Lactate intake and exercise increased carbohydrate oxidation as a substrate during exercise, leading to an increased energy expenditure and increased protein levels of citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase 2, key factors in the TCA(tricarboxylic acid) cycle of skeletal muscle. Exercise, but not lactate intake, induced the upregulation of the skeletal muscle glucose transport factor 4 and a reduction in body fat. Hence, chronic lactate administration, as a metabolic regulator, influenced energy substrate utilization by the skeletal muscle and increased energy expenditure during exercise through the activation of carbohydrate metabolism-related factors. Therefore, exogenous lactate holds potential as a metabolic regulator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Metabolism)
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